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GPH01 Grazing management effects on pollinator communities and habitat at Konza Prairie, 2024-2025
For all data files, data were collected in Konza Prairie LTER sites: N1A, N1B, C1A, K1B, and 1D during May, July, and August in both 2024 and 2025. The goal was to investigate variation in pollinator foraging and nesting habitat and in foraging and nesting pollinator communities across grazing regimes. Details for each file follow: 1. Plant-pollinator interactions (file = pollinatorNetworks); 2. Bees collected from ground nests (file = nestingBees); 3. Floral resources observed along transects (file = floralResources); 4. Bare ground cover and vegetation height measured along transects (file = otherHabitat); 5. Soil characteristics (file = soils)
Land use and management effects on soil carbon in the Lake States, Northern United States - Nave, et al 2022
There is growing need to quantify and communicate how land use and management activities influence soil organic carbon (SOC) at scales relevant to, and in the tangible control of landowners and forest managers. The continued proliferation of publications and growth of datasets, data synthesis and meta-analysis approaches allows the application of powerful tools to such questions at ever finer scales. In this analysis, we combined a literature review and effect-size meta-analysis with two large, independent, observational databases to assess how land use and management impact SOC stocks, primarily with regards to forest land uses. We performed this work for the (Great Lakes) Lake States, which comprise 6% of the land area, but 7% of the forest and 9% of the forest SOC in the U.S., as the second in a series of ecoregional SOC assessments. Most importantly, our analysis indicates that natural factors, such as soil texture and parent material, exert more control over SOC stocks than land use or management. With that for context, our analysis also indicates which natural factors most influence management impacts on SOC storage. We report an overall trend of significantly diminished topsoil SOC stocks with harvesting, consistent across all three datasets, while also demonstrating how certain sites and soils diverge from this pattern, including some that show opposite trends. Impacts of fire grossly mirror those of harvesting, with declines near the top of the profile, but potential gains at depth and no net change when considering the whole profile. Land use changes showing significant SOC impacts are limited to reforestation on barren mining substrates (large and variable gains) and conversion of native forest to cultivation (losses). We describe patterns within the observational data that reveal the physical basis for preferential land use, e.g., cultivation of soils with the most favorable physical properties, and forest plantation establishment on the most marginal so
Data: Boreal forest soil carbon fluxes one year after a wildfire: Effects of burn severity and management
<p>2018 Boreal forest fires in Sweden: Measurements of soil CO2 and CH4 fluxes, soil microclimate and nutrient content during the first growing season after a wildfire, from forest sites impacted by different fire severity (tree mortality) and post-fire management.</p> <p> </p> <p>Data used in: Boreal forest soil carbon fluxes one year after a wildfire: Effects of burn severity and management; Julia Kelly, Theresa S. Ibáñez, Cristina Santín, Stefan H. Doerr, Marie-Charlotte Nilsson, Thomas Holst, Anders Lindroth, Natascha Kljun; Global Change Biology, 27, 4181-4195, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15721</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data from: Long-term effects of meadow management on seed bank diversity and composition
<p>Aims: Oligotrophic grasslands are habitats that host among the most diverse plant communities in Europe. Altering management regimes by either intensifying or ceasing management is known to decrease plant diversity. Yet, despite its importance for the recovery of plant communities after disturbances, little is known about whether seed banks are also affected by changes in management. Here, we investigate the effect of management practices on a meadow seed bank using a long-term manipulative experiment. We focus on the response of the seed bank to the treatments, and the relationship between the seed bank and the vegetation response.</p> <p>Methods: The study was conducted in a species-rich wet meadow. The experiment consists of a factorial combination of fertilization, mowing, and removal of the dominant species. After 20 years of management, the seed bank was sampled seasonally at two soil layer depths. Standing vegetation was recorded in June at the peak of vegetation.</p> <p>Results: All seed bank characteristics varied between soil layers. Mowing decreased seed density and diversity, while fertilization significantly affected the species composition. Dominant removal had no effect on the seed bank. While seed bank diversity was not correlated to vegetation diversity, individual species’ responses to mowing and fertilization were positively correlated in the seed bank and the vegetation.</p> <p>Conclusions: Our results show that long-term management influences the seed bank down to 10 cm of soil depth. Whereas mowing apparently reduced seed density and diversity, the effects of fertilization on these characteristics were harder to interpret. After 20 years, most species had concordant responses to both mowing and fertilization, indicating a low legacy of previous management regimes on the seed bank. Our study reveals that the intensification of grassland management has a profound effect on plant diversity by directly affecting plant communities and their seed bank-driven recovery potential.</p>
The effect of a political crisis on performance of community- and state-managed forests in Madagascar
<p>Data associated with paper: "The effect of a political crisis on performance of community forests and protected areas in Madagascar"</p> <p>For code and selected tabular data outputs, also see: https://github.com/raenb0/madagascar</p> <p>Includes a number of files with raster (tif) data. All data is for Madagascar:</p> <p>⦁ for2000.tif is forest cover in the year 2000<br>⦁ for2000_0.tif is the same as above but contains 0 values instead of NA values (better for analysis)<br>⦁ defor_year_90m is annual deforestation as a proportion of each 90 m pixel that is deforested, values range from 0-1.</p> <p>data on all time-invariant covariates used for matching, including:<br>⦁ dist_cart (distance from cart tracks, meters)<br>⦁ dist_road (distance from roads, meters)<br>⦁ dist_urb (distance from villages, meters)<br>⦁ dist_urb (distance from urban centers, meters)<br>⦁ dist_vil (distance from villages, meters)<br>⦁ edge_05 (distance from forest edge in 2005, meters)<br>⦁ elev (elevation, meters)<br>⦁ q1_materials (index of self-reported development level, based on material assets)<br>⦁ rain (average precipitation 1970-2000, mm)<br>⦁ rice (rice suitability, 0 for unsuitable or 1 for suitable)<br>⦁ slope (slope, meters)<br>⦁ v7_security (self-reported indicator of security and risk of theft)<br>⦁ veg_type (vegetation type, 1= eastern humid forest, 2= western deciduous forest, 3 = southern dry spiny forest)</p> <p>time-variant covariates include (for years 2005-2020):<br>⦁ distance_year (distance from forest edge of each forest pixel, in meters, in each year)<br>⦁ drght_year (drought severity, Palmer Index Score)<br>⦁ pop_year (human population density, people per sq km)<br>⦁ precip_year (maximum accumulated precipitation, mm)<br>⦁ rice_av_year (annual average rice prices, in USD)<br>⦁ rice_sd_year (standard deviation of rice price, in USD)<br>⦁ temp_year (maximum annual temperature, degrees C)<br>⦁ wind_year (maximum annual windspeed, meters/sec)</p> <p>Shapefile polygons for Community Forest Managed areas (CFM) and protected areas administered by Madagascar National Parks can be requested from the corresponding author: ran63 (at) cornell (dot) edu</p> <p>Shapefile polygons for protected areas in Madagascar are available from the World Database of Protected Areas: https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/MDG</p>
Bottom of DR1 tank, the sides of the module are fitted with glass panels which allow natural light from a window to enter the tank, and the observer to view the behaviour of the broodstock. This device ensures easy viewing and checking of the broodstock, facilitates management of feeding and allows effective monitoring of reproduction. in Reproduction of Zingel asper (Linnaeus, 1758) in controlled conditions: an assessment of the experiences realized since 2005 at the Besançon Natural History Museum
Bottom of DR1 tank, the sides of the module are fitted with glass panels which allow natural light from a window to enter the tank, and the observer to view the behaviour of the broodstock. This device ensures easy viewing and checking of the broodstock, facilitates management of feeding and allows effective monitoring of reproduction.
Effects of different types of low-intensity management on plant-pollinator interactions in Estonian grasslands
<p>In the face of global pollinator decline, extensively-managed grasslands play an important role in supporting stable pollinator communities. However, different types of extensive management may promote particular plant species and thus particular functional traits. As the functional traits of flowering plant species (e.g. flower size and shape) in a habitat determine the identity and frequency of pollinator visitors, they can also influence the structures of plant-pollinator interaction networks. The aim of this study was to examine how the type of low-intensity traditional management influences plant and pollinator composition, the structure of plant-pollinator interactions, and their mediation by floral and insect functional traits. Specifically, we compared mown wooded meadows to grazed alvar pastures in western Estonia. We found that both management types fostered equal diversity of plants and pollinators, and overlapping, though still distinct, plant and pollinator compositions. Wooded meadows had significantly higher connectance and specialisation, while alvar pastures achieved higher Shannon diversity at a standardised sampling of interactions. Pollinators with small body sizes and short proboscis lengths were more specialised in their preference for particular plant species and the specialisation of individual pollinators was higher in alvar pastures than in wooded meadows. All in all, the two management types promoted diverse plant and pollinator communities, which enabled the development of equally even and nested pollination networks. The same generalist plants and pollinators were important for the pollination networks of both wooded meadows and alvar pastures; however, they were complemented by management-specific species, which accounted for differences in network structure. Therefore, the implementation of both management types in the same landscape helps to maintain high species and interaction diversity.</p>
Simulated treatment effects on bird communities inform landscape‐scale dry conifer forest management
<p>Human land use and climate change have increased forest density and wildfire risk in dry conifer forests of western North America, threatening various ecosystem services, including habitat for wildlife. Government policy supports active management to restore historical structure and ecological function. Information on potential contributions of restoration to wildlife habitat can allow assessment of tradeoffs with other ecological benefits when prioritizing treatments. We predicted avian responses to simulated treatments representing alternative scenarios to inform landscape‐scale forest management planning along the Colorado Front Range. We used data from the Integrated Monitoring in Bird Conservation Regions program to inform a hierarchical multispecies occupancy model relating species occupancy and richness with canopy cover at two spatial scales. We then simulated changes in canopy cover (remotely sensed in 2018) under three alternative scenarios, (1) a "fuels reduction" scenario representing landscape‐wide 30% reduction in canopy cover, (2) a "restoration" scenario representing more nuanced, spatially variable treatments targeting historical conditions, and (3) a reference, no‐change scenario. Model predictions showed areas of potential gains and losses for species richness, richness of ponderosa pine forest habitat specialists, and the ratio of specialists to generalists at two (1 km<sup>2</sup> and 250 m<sup>2</sup>) spatial scales. Under both fuels reduction and restoration scenarios, we projected greater gains than losses for species richness. Surprisingly, despite restoration more explicitly targeting ecologically relevant historical conditions, fuels reduction benefited bird species richness over a greater spatial extent than restoration, particularly in the lower montane life zone. These benefits reflected generally positive species associations with moderate canopy cover promoted more consistently under the fuels reduction scenario. In practice, contemporary forest management is likely to lie somewhere between the fuels reduction and restoration scenarios represented here. Therefore, our results inform where and how active forest management can best support avian diversity. Although our study raises questions regarding the value of including landscape‐scale heterogeneity as a management objective, we do not question the value of targeting finer-scale heterogeneity (i.e., stand and treatment level). Rather, our results combined with those from previous work clarify the scale at which targeting structural heterogeneity and historical reference conditions can promote particular ecosystem services.</p>
Data from: Drought and recovery effects on belowground respiration dynamics and the partitioning of recent carbon in managed and abandoned grassland
<p>The supply of soil respiration with recent photoassimilates is an important and fast pathway for respiratory loss of carbon (C). To date it is unknown how drought and land-use change interactively influence the dynamics of recent C in soil respired CO<sub>2</sub>. In an <em>in situ </em>common-garden experiment, we exposed soil-vegetation monoliths from a managed and a nearby abandoned mountain grassland to an experimental drought. Based on two <sup>13</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> pulse-labelling campaigns, we traced recently assimilated C in soil respiration during drought, rewetting and early recovery. Independent of grassland management, drought reduced the absolute allocation of recent C to soil respiration. Rewetting triggered a respiration pulse, which was strongly fueled by C assimilated during drought. In comparison to the managed grassland, the abandoned grassland partitioned more recent C to belowground respiration than to root C storage under ample water supply. Interestingly, this pattern was reversed under drought. We suggest that these different response patterns reflect strategies of the managed and the abandoned grassland to enhance their respective resilience to drought, by fostering their resistance and recovery, respectively. We conclude that while severe drought can override the effects of abandonment of grassland management on the respiratory dynamics of recent C, abandonment alters strategies of belowground assimilate investment, with consequences for soil-CO<sub>2</sub> fluxes during drought and drought-recovery.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Pontoppidan M, Nachman G (2013) Spatial Amphibian Impact Assessment – a management tool for assessment of road effects on regional populations of Moor frogs (Rana arvalis). Nature Conservation 5: 29-52. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.5.4612
Full model description following the protocol suggested by Grimm et al. (2006, 2010) and model parameterisation. (doi: 10.3897/natureconservation.5.4612.app). File format: Adobe PDF document (pdf).:
Figure 3 in Mowing inhibits the invasion of the alien species Solidago altissima and is an effective management strategy
Figure 3. (a) Aboveground biomass of S. altissima in September 2019. (b) Biomass of rhizomes of S. altissima in September 2019. Mowing 1: mowed once in July; Mowing 2: mowed twice in May and September; Mowing 3: mowed three times in May, July, and September. Data are presented as means ± standard errors of 14 replicates. Bars with different letters are significantly different at p <0.05 (ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's test).
Figure 4 in Mowing inhibits the invasion of the alien species Solidago altissima and is an effective management strategy
Figure 4. Effects of control practices on flowering rates of S. altissima in October 2019. Mowing 1: mowed once in July; Mowing 2: mowed twice in May and September; Mowing 3: mowed three times in May, July, and September. Data are presented as means ± standard errors of 14 replicates. Bars with different letters are significantly different at p <0.05 (ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's test).
Figure 1 in Mowing inhibits the invasion of the alien species Solidago altissima and is an effective management strategy
Figure 1. (a) Coverage of S. altissima and (b) the average number of species per quadrat in the S. altissima-dominant areas or uninvaded areas. Data are presented as means ± standard errors of 14 replicates. Bars with different letters are significantly different at p <0.05 (Student's t-test).
Figure 2 in Mowing inhibits the invasion of the alien species Solidago altissima and is an effective management strategy
Figure 2. Number of shoots of S. altissima in March 2018 and April 2019. Mowing 1: mowed once in July; Mowing 2: mowed twice in May and September; Mowing 3: mowed three times in May, July, and September; Eco 200: 30% of shoots in the quadrats were cut near the ground, and the cut surfaces were covered with Eco 200 block. Data are presented as means ± standard errors of 14 replicates. Bars with different letters are significantly different at p <0.05 (ANOVA with post hoc Tukey's test).
Fig. 6 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 6. Bimonthly structure of the population of G. multiradiatus in San Martin. Shows the curves of growth with the von Bertalanffy model for highly seasonal cycles. Upon reaching the asymptotic curve determines the final class of each age cohort.
Fig. 5 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 5. General structure of the population of San Martín mexcalpique. The numbers in parentheses indicate the percentage of each size class of the total population.
Fig. 8 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 8. Percentages of each food components found in the digestive tract of G. multiradiatus during a hydrological cycle in san Martín dam.
Fig. 4 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 4. Number of individuals (bars) and mean biomass of the population (line curve) of mexcalpiques during a hydrological cycle.
Fig. 2 in Ecophysiological responses to the effect of annual management on an endemic viviparous fish in central plateau of México
Fig. 2. Ombrothermic diagram for San Martin dam, Amealco, Qro. It shows hydrological periods of importance to the life cycle of mexcalpique.
Figure 1 in The effects of weather and reed management on nesting parameters of the Great Reed Warbler, Acrocephalus arundinaceus (Aves: Sylviidae)
Figure 1. The relationship between mean water depth and nest density of the Great Reed Warbler at the Bager Pond for the period 2008-2016.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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