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18 results for “maternal traits”
Maternal and genetic correlations between morphology and physical performance traits in a small captive primate, Microcebus murinus
<p>Physical performance traits are key components of fitness and direct targets of selection. Maternal effects are important components of integrated phenotypes in a variety of species. Yet their contribution to variation in performance, and phenotypes closely associated with performance, remains poorly understood. We used an animal model approach to quantify the contribution of maternal effects to performance trait variation (in bite force and pull strength) and the relationships between performance and the relevant underlying morphology in <i>Microcebus murinus</i>. We show that bite force is heritable (h<sup>2</sup>~0.23), and that maternal effects are also important source of variation, resulting in a medium inclusive heritability (IH<sup>2</sup>~0.47). Grip strength presented a rather low and non-significant narrow-sense heritability suggesting a higher selective pressure on this trait. Genetic correlations between performance traits and their associated morphometric traits were significant and high (0.47 bite force-head width; 0.48 grip strength-radius length), as was the maternal correlation for bite force-head width (0.75). Further studies evaluating the heritability of performance for other taxa and the role of maternal effects are badly needed to better understand the drivers of variation in performance ultimately allowing for a better understanding of the importance of these types of traits in an evolutionary context.</p>
Maternal and genetic correlations between morphology and physical performance traits in a small captive primate, Microcebus murinus
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Macroclimatic and maternal effects on the evolution of reproductive traits in lizards
<p>Much of life-history theory rests on fundamental assumptions about constraints on the acquisition and allocation of energy to growth and reproduction. In general, the allocation of energy to reproduction depends on maternal size, which in turn depends on environmental factors experienced throughout the life of the mother. Here, we used phylogenetic path analyses to evaluate competing hypotheses about the environmental and maternal drivers of reproductive traits in lizards. In doing so, we discovered that precipitation, rather than temperature, has shaped the evolution of the life history. Specifically, environments with greater rainfall have enabled the evolution of larger maternal size. In turn, these larger mothers produce larger clutches of larger offspring. However, annual precipitation has a negative direct effect on offspring size, despite the positive indirect effect mediated by maternal size. Possibly, the evolution of offspring size was driven by the need to conserve water in dry environments, because small organisms are particularly sensitive to water loss. Since we found that body size variation among lizards is related to a combination of climatic factors, mainly precipitation and perhaps primary production, our study challenges previous generalizations (e.g., temperature-size rule and Bergmann's rule) and suggests alternative mechanisms underlying the evolution of body size.</p>
Heat-induced maternal effects shape avian eggshell traits and embryo development and phenotype at high incubation temperatures
<p>Phenotypic plasticity is an important avenue by which organisms may persist in the face of rapid environmental change. Environmental cues experienced by the mother can also influence the phenotype of offspring, a form of plasticity called maternal effects. Maternal effects can adaptively prepare offspring for the environmental conditions they will experience, however, their ability to buffer offspring against environmental stressors as embryos is understudied. Using captive zebra finches, we performed a maternal-offspring environmental match-mismatch experiment utilizing a 2x2x2 factorial design. Mothers were exposed to a mild heat conditioning (38 °C) or control (22 °C) treatment as juveniles, an acute high heat (42 °C) or control (22 °C) treatment as adults, then paired for breeding. The eggs produced by those females were incubated at a hyperthermic (38.5 °C) or optimal temperature (37.2 °C). We found that when mothers were exposed to a mild heat conditioning as juveniles, their embryos exhibited reduced water loss, longer development times, and produced hatchlings with heavier pectoralis muscles when incubated at high incubation temperatures, compared to embryos from control mothers. Mothers exposed to both the mild heat conditioning as juveniles and a high heat stressor as adults produced eggs with a higher density of shell pores, and embryos with lower heart rates during development. However, there was a cost when there was a mismatch between maternal and embryo environment. Embryos from these conditioned and heat-stressed mothers had reduced survival at control incubation temperatures, indicating the importance of offspring environment when interpreting potential adaptive effects.</p>
Heat-induced maternal effects shape avian eggshell traits and embryo development and phenotype at high incubation temperatures
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Macroclimatic and maternal effects on the evolution of reproductive traits in lizards
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Data from: Maternal diet and age alter direct and indirect relationships between life history traits across multiple generations
1. Maternal age has important consequences for offspring fitness, with influences on size, development, and reproductive schedules. Such maternal age effects may be driven by differential provisioning of resources, yet little is known about the role of environmental supply of nutritional resources in mediating such effects. 2. We tested the influence of limiting nutritional resource, dietary phosphorus (P), on maternal age effects across multiple generations by examining the potential interactive effects of maternal nutrition and age on daughter and granddaughter life history traits in the freshwater crustacean <i>Daphnia pulicaria</i>. 3. Maternal age and diet had significant but contrasting effects on offspring life history. We did not observe any evidence that age effects on offspring life history are mediated by maternal diet. However, granddaughter growth and size at maturation were influenced by the interaction between grandmaternal age and diet, suggesting that the appearance of transgenerational effects of age and diet were delayed by one generation. 4. Because offspring life history is often linked directly and/or indirectly to life history variation in previous generations, we utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) to assess such direct or indirect relationships. 5. SEM revealed striking differences in the relationship between growth, development time, and fecundity both within and among generations, depending on the age and diet in the F0 generation. Interestingly, direct and persistent relationships between the F0 generation and the F2 generation are most prevalent when grandmothers are old and fed low P diets, and such relationships are largely driven by fecundity in the F0 generation. Additionally, indirect causal relationships between the F0 generation and F2 generation are most pronounced when grandmothers are young and fed low P diets or when grandmothers are old and fed high P diets. 6. Our results indicate that transgenerational effects of maternal age and environment persist across multiple generations, and vary between successive generations. Further, our examination of the interaction network between life history traits of each generation suggest that the mechanisms for such persistent transgenerational effects are highly dependent on maternal condition.
Data from: Maternal diet and age alter direct and indirect relationships between life history traits across multiple generations
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Data from: Heritability of seed weight in Maritime pine, a relevant trait in the transmission of environmental maternal effects
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Data from: Among-individual heterogeneity in maternal behaviour and physiology affects reproductive allocation and offspring life-history traits in the garter snake Thamnophis elegans
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Data from: Androgenesis is a maternal trait in the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata
Androgenesis is the production of an offspring containing exclusively the nuclear genome of the fathering male, via the maternal eggs. This unusual mating system is generally considered as a male trait, giving to androgenetic males a substantial fitness advantage over their sexually reproducing relatives. We here provide the first empirical study of the evolutionary outcomes of androgenesis in a haplo-diploid organism: the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata. Some of the populations of this species have a classical haplo-diploid sexual mating system. In other populations, females and males are produced through parthenogenesis and androgenesis, respectively, whereas workers are produced sexually. We conducted laboratory reciprocal-cross experiments with reproductive individuals from both types of populations and analyzed their progenies with genetic markers, to determine the respective contribution of males and females on the production of androgenetic males. We found that androgenesis was a parthenogenetic female trait. A population genetic study conducted in natura confirmed the parthenogenetic female origin of androgenesis, with the identification of introgression events of sexual male genotypes into androgenetic/parthenogenetic lineages. We argue that by producing males via androgenesis, parthenogenetic queen lineages may increase and/or maintain their adaptive potential, whilst maintaining the integrity of their own genome, by occasionally acquiring new male genetic material and avoiding inbreeding depression within the sexually produced worker cast.
Data from: Androgenesis is a maternal trait in the invasive ant Wasmannia auropunctata
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Umbilical Cord Blood miRNA Profiling: Links to Maternal Metabolism and Neonatal Traits
GEO Series GSE276266. Homo sapiens. 16 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: Using partial genotyping to estimate the genetic and maternal determinants of adaptive traits in a progeny trial of Fagus sylvatica
Understanding the determinants of phenotypic variation is critical to evaluate the ability of traits to evolve in a changing environment. In trees, the genetic component of the phenotypic variance is most often estimated based on maternal progeny tests. However, the lack of knowledge about the paternal relatedness hampers the accurate estimation of additive genetic and maternal effects. Here, we investigate how different methods accounting for paternal relatedness allow the estimation of heritability and maternal determinants of adaptive traits in a natural population of Fagus sylvatica L., presenting non-random mating. Twelve potentially adaptive functional traits were measured in 60 maternal families in a nursery. We genotyped a subset of offspring and of all the potentially reproductive adults in the population at 13 microsatellite markers to infer paternal relationships and to estimate average relatedness within and between maternal families. This relatedness information was then used in family and animal models to estimate the components of phenotypic variance. All the studied traits displayed significant genetic variance and moderate heritability. Maternal effects were detected for the diameter increment, stem volume and bud burst. Comparison of family and animal models showed that unbalanced mating system led to only slight departures from maternal family assumptions in the progeny trial. However, neglecting the significant maternal effects led to an overestimation of the heritability. Overall, we highlighted the usefulness of relatedness pattern analyses using polymorphic molecular markers to accurately analyse tree sibling designs.
Data for Cortese et al. (2024). Environmental change mediates plasticity in offspring traits through maternal effects in a coral reef fish. STOTEN
<p>Data used for producing figures and result of the publication <em><span>Cortese et al. (2024). </span><span>Environmental change mediates plasticity in offspring traits through maternal effects in a coral reef fish.</span></em><span> <em>STOTEN.</em></span></p> <p> </p>
Data from: Using partial genotyping to estimate the genetic and maternal determinants of adaptive traits in a progeny trial of Fagus sylvatica
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Propogation of anxiety-traits through the maternal line via parallel and segregated gametic and non-gametic epigenetic mechanisms
GEO Series GSE68713. Mus musculus. 18 samples. Type: Methylation profiling by high throughput sequencing; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Sex-dimorphic pathways in the associations between maternal trait anxiety, infant BDNF methylation and negative emotionality
<p>This database includes the raw data linked with the paper “Sex-dimorphic pathways in the associations between maternal trait anxiety, infant BDNF methylation and negative emotionality” accepted for publication on Development and Psychopathology. This study is part of the longitudinal and multi-centric “Measuring the outcomes of maternal COVID-19-related prenatal exposure (MOM-COPE)” study. Here, we report on the sex-dependent effects of antenatal exposure to maternal anxiety on infants’ methylation levels of the BDNF gene at birth and on negative emotionality trajectories from 3 to 6 months of age.</p> <p>Procedures</p> <p>Mother–infant dyads (N = 276) were recruited at delivery. Maternal trait anxiety, as a marker of antenatal chronic stress exposure, was assessed soon after delivery using the Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y). Infants’ BDNF DNAm at birth was assessed in 11 CpG sites in buccal cells whereas infants’ NE was assessed at 3 (N = 225) and 6 months (N = 189) using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R).</p> <p>Analytical plan</p> <p>Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the number of CpG sites into a smaller set of factors. The PCA yielded 2 principal components: PC1 (composed of 6 CpG sites) and PC2 (composed of 5 CpG sites). Separate hierarchical regression analyses were performed to evaluate the independent and interactive effects of infant gender and maternal anxiety on infant methylation levels.</p> <p>Hierarchical linear models (HLMs) were performed to investigate sex-dimorphic associations between infant NE trajectory from 3 to 6 months and maternal trait anxiety or infant BDNF methylation.</p> <p>Findings in brief</p> <p>Higher maternal antenatal anxiety was associated with greater 6-month-olds’ NE. Furthermore, maternal antenatal anxiety predicted greater infants’ BDNF methylation in five CpG sites in males but not in females. Higher methylation at these sites was associated with greater 3-to-6-month NE increase, independently of infants’ sex.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.