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112 results for “microbial carbon”
Effects of Soil Warming and Substrate Complexity on Microbial Carbon Use Efficiency at Harvard Forest 2017
Soil microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is a combination of growth and respiration, which may respond differently to climate change depending on physical protection of soil carbon (C) and its availability to microbes. In a mid-latitude hardwood forest in central Massachusetts, 27 years of soil warming (+5 ◦C) has resulted in C loss and altered soil organic matter (SOM) quality, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we hypothesized that long-term warming reduces physical aggregate protection of SOM, microbial CUE, and its temperature sensitivity. Soil was separated into macroaggregate (250–2000 μm) and microaggregate (less than 250 μm) fractions, and CUE was measured with 18O-enriched water in samples incubated at 15 and 25 ◦C for 24 h. We found that long-term warming reduced soil C and nitrogen concentrations and extracellular enzyme activity in macroaggregates, but did not affect physical protection of SOM. Long-term warming showed little effect on CUE or microbial biomass turnover time because it reduced both growth and respiration. However, CUE was less temperature sensitive in macroaggregates from the warmed compared to the control plots. Our findings suggest that microbial thermal responses to long-term warming occur mostly in soil compartments where SOM is less physically protected and thus more vulnerable to microbial degradation.
Microbial biomass and water-extractable carbon on Mt. Kilimanjaro
<p>This dataset presents the value of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and water-extractable carbon (WOC) at study plots under KiLi project.</p> <p>Microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and water-extractable organic carbon (WOC) – as sensitive and important parameters for soil fertility and C turnover – are strongly affected by land-use changes all over the world. These effects are particularly distinct upon conversion of natural to agricultural ecosystems due to very fast carbon (C) and nutrient cycles and high vulnerability, especially in the tropics. The objective of this study was to use the unique advantage of Mt. Kilimanjaro – altitudinal gradient leading to different tropical ecosystems but developed all on the same soil parent material – to investigate the effects of land-use change and elevation on MBC and WOC contents during a transition phase from dry to wet season. Down to a soil depth of 50 cm, we compared MBC and WOC contents of 2 natural (<em>Ocotea</em> and <em>Podocarpus</em> forest), 3 seminatural (lower montane forest, grassland, savannah), 1 sustainably used (homegarden) and 2 intensively used (maize field, coffee plantation) ecosystems on an elevation gradient from 950 to 2850 m a.s.l.</p> <p>The KiLi project (2010-2018) is a German Science Foundation (DFG) funded research unit (DFG research unit FOR1246) that focuses on biodiversity and ecosystem processes along altitudinal and disturbance gradients on Mt. Kilimanjaro (Tanzania, Africa), capitalizing on its world-wide unique range of climatic and vegetation zones. The research unit comprises 2 central projects and 7 subprojects from various disciplines. On a total of 60 study sites in both natural and human-disturbed ecosystems biodiversity (e.g. plants, soil arthropods, ants, bees, frogs, lizards, bats, birds), related ecosystem processes (decomposition, seed dispersal, pollination, herbivory, predation), and biogeochemical processes and properties of ecosystems (climate, soil properties and nutrient status, regulation of water and carbon fluxes, trace gas emissions, primary productivity, functional diversity) are analyzed.</p>
Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed: Dissolved organic carbon and microbial respiration measurements from biodegradable dissolved organic carbon incubations, summer 2021
This dataset contains dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial respiration measurements taken during lab incubations of water collected from the Caribou-Poker Creeks Research Watershed (CPCRW), with the goal of quantifying the proportion of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) and microbial utilization of DOC. Incubations were conducted in June, July, and August 2021 using water from six stream sites throughout the CPCRW. Incubation experiments were designed to measure responses to carbon and nutrient additions as well as different temperatures.
RCS01 Recovery and relative influence of root, microbial, and structural properties of soil on physically sequestered carbon stocks in restored grassland at Konza Prairie
Managing soil to sequester C can help mitigate increasing CO2 in the atmosphere. To maximize this ecosystem service, more knowledge of factors influencing C sequestration is needed. The objectives of this study were to (i) quantify recovery of the roots, microbial biomass and composition, and soil structure across a chronosequence of grassland restorations and (ii) use a structural equation model to develop a data-based hypothesis on the relative influence of physical and biological soil properties on the soil C aggregate fraction diagnostic of sequestered C. We hypothesized measured variables would recover with restoration age. Belowground plant biomass and tissue quality (C/N ratio), soil microbial biomass C, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) concentrations, soil structure, and soil C stocks in the bulk soil and each aggregate fraction were quantified from a cultivated field, prairies restored for 1 to 35-yr (n = 6), and a never-cultivated (native) prairie. Root biomass, microbial biomass C, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) PLFA biomass across the chronosequence increase to resemble native prairie following 35 yr of restoration. Many aspects of soil structure (i.e., bulk density, proportional mass of aggre- gate fractions, and aggregate mean weighted diameter) and the distribution C among soil fractions, including C in the micro-within-macro aggregate fraction (sequestered C), also became representative of native prairie within 35 yr of restoration. Total soil C stock and physically protected C increased at a similar rate (23 and 27 g C m-2 yr-1) respectively, across the chronosequence. After 35 yr of restoration, 50% of the total C pool was physically protected. The structural equation modeling developed by these data hypothesizes that microbial biomass C and AMF biomass (microbial composition) have the strongest causal influence on physically protected C. This model needs to be tested using independent sites to achieve greater inference.
VDMBC_vertical_distribution_soil_microbial_biomass_carbon
<p>Soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) is important in regulating soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics along soil profiles by mediating the decomposition and formation of SOC. The dataset (VDMBC) is about the vertical distributions of SOC, SMBC, and soil microbial quotient (SMQ = SMBC/SOC) and their relations to environmental factors across five continents. Data were collected from literature, with a total of 289 soil profiles and 1040 observations in different soil layers compiled. The associated environment data collectd include climate, ecosystem types, and edaphic factors. We developed this dataset by searching the the Web of Sciene and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure from the year of 1970 to 2019. All the data in this dataset met two creteria: 1) there were at least three mineral soil layers along a soil profile, and 2) SMBC was measured using the fumigation extraction method. The data in tables and texts were obtained from literature directly, and the data in figures were extracted by using the GetData Graph digitizer software version 2.25. When climate and soil properties were not available from publications, we obtainted the data from the World Weather Information Service (https://worldweather.wmo.int/en/home.html) and SoilGrids at a spatial resolution of 250 meters (version 0.5.3, https://soilgrids.org).</p> <p>The units of all the variables were converted to the standard international units or commonly used ones and the values were converted correspondingly. For example, the value of soil organic matter (SOM) was converted to SOC using the equation (SOC = SOM × 0.58). Soil depth was calculated as the arithmetic mean value of the upper and lower boundaries for a given soil layer.</p> <p>This dataset can be used in predicting global SOC change along soil profiles using the multi-layer soil carbon models. It can also be used to analyse how soil microbial biomass changes with plant roots as well as the composition, structure, and functions of soil microbial communities along soil profiles at large spatial scales. This dataset offers opportunities to improve our prediction of SOC dynamics under global changes and to advance our understanding of the environmental controls.</p>
Data for 'Microbial carbon use efficiency along an altitudinal gradient'
<p>This dataset is related to the manuscript “Microbial carbon use efficiency along an altitudinal gradient“ by Kevin Mganga, Outi-Maaria Sietiö, Nele Meyer, Christopher Poeplau, Sylwia Adamczyk, Christina Biasi, Subin Kalu, Matti Räsänen, Per Ambus, Hannu Fritze, Petri Pellikka, and Kristiina Karhu.</p> <p>Corresponding author: Outi-Maaria Sietiö (<a href="mailto:outi-maaria.sietio@helsinki.fi">outi-maaria.sietio@helsinki.fi</a>)</p>
Plant management but not fertilization mediates soil carbon emission and microbial community composition in subtropical Eucalyptus plantations
<p><span>The diversity of </span><span>plant functional group</span><span>s</span><span> in plantations affects soil carbon, but we have limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms for how plant management affects soil carbon dynamics. Here, we conducted a 3-year manipulation experiment of plant functional groups that included understory removal, tree root trenching, and fertilization treatments in 2-year-old and 6-year-old <em>Eucalyptus</em> plantations in the subtropical region. The results showed that soil respiration was significantly suppressed by understory removal (-38%), tree root trenching (-41%), and their interactions (-54%), but that fertilization alone and in interactions had no significant effect. The Chao1 indices for soil bacterial and fungal diversity significantly decreased with understory removal in the 2-year-old plantation and with tree root trenching in the 6-year-old plantation. Soil bacterial and fungal communities were also affected by understory removal and tree root trenching. Soil respiration, physicochemical characteristics, microbial diversity, and community composition were significantly affected by plantation age. Reductions in soil carbon emissions were associated with reductions in plant functional groups and soil microbial groups, while increases in soil respiration were associated with soil physicochemical factors, soil temperature, and plantation age. Our findings highlight that plant managements are of great significance to the soil carbon emission processes in afforested plantations.</span></p>
Dataset for microbial community and carbon use efficiency determined under SPP project- CueNosc
<p>This dataset encapsulates molecular and biothermal data derived from the CueNosc sub-project, which operates under the umbrella of the German research initiative "SoilSystems: Systems Ecology of Soils – Energy Discharge Modulated by Microbiome and Boundary Conditions." This initiative is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) as part of the priority program 2322.</p> <p>We carried out a microcosm incubation experiment utilizing both intact soil samples and soil-free microbial cell extracts (SFCE). The primary aim was to assess the impact of various carbon substrates—including glucose, glutamine, glycerol, and citric acid—on microbial communities' dynamic and their carbon use efficiency (CUE). The data collected includes detailed analyses of microbial community composition at the phylum level and CUE values. Carbon use efficiency was obtained by calculating the calorespirometric ratio (metabolic heat production to respiration).</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 1 in Microbial Respiration of Organic Carbon in Freshwater Microcosms: The Potential for Improved Estimation of Microbial CO Emission from Organically Enriched Freshwater Ecosystems
Fig. 1. Densities (ordinate) of ciliates (N × 104 L–1) black bars, and densities of bacteria (N × 109 ml–1) grey bars; for Experiment One and Experiment Two with carbon-enriched (E) and control (C) preparations (abscissa).
Data for A multi-phase biogeochemical model for mitigating earthquake-induced liquefaction via microbially induced desaturation and calcium carbonate precipitation
<p>This data accompanies the paper published in Biogeosciences, which can be found at https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-1419.</p>
Productivity-driven decoupling of microbial carbon use efficiency and respiration across global soils
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Responses of subsoil organic carbon to climate warming and cooling is determined by microbial community rather than its molecular composition
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Plant management but not fertilization mediates soil carbon emission and microbial community composition in subtropical Eucalyptus plantations
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Eight Mile Lake Research Watershed, Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR): Off Plot Soil Incubation By Depth I - Soil Properties and Final Microbial Biomass 2013-2014
The Carbon in Permafrost Experimental Heating Research (CiPEHR) project addresses the following questions: 1) Does ecosystem warming cause a net release of C from the ecosystem to the atmosphere?, 2) Does the decomposition of old C, that comprises the bulk of the soil C pool, influence ecosystem C loss?, and 3) How do winter and summer warming alone, and in combination, affect ecosystem C exchange? We are answering these questions using a combination of field and laboratory experiments to measure ecosystem carbon balance and radiocarbon isotope ratios at a warming experiment located in an upland tundra field site near Healy, Alaska in the foothills of the Alaska Range. We investigated C and nitrogen (N) mineralization within the soil profile by incubating soil cores collected adjacent to (but not within) the CiPEHR site. These soil cores spanned the entire active layer and approximately 30 cm of permafrost. Soil cores were separated into 10 cm depth intervals and incubated for 241 days at 15 degC and field moisture was maintained with water additions. This dataset contains data on the bulk soil %C, bulk soil %N, soil bulk density, initial gravimetric water content measured prior to the incubation. Microbial biomass was measured at the end of the incubation and is presented here as well.
CCycDB (an integrative knowledgebase to fingerprint microbial carbon cycling processes)
<p>CCycDB - version 2.0 (Please see<strong> </strong><a href="https://ccycdb.github.io/"><strong>https://ccycdb.github.io/</strong></a> for more details)</p><p><strong>CCycDB</strong> is a knowledge-based functional gene database for accurate metagenomic profiling of carbon cycling microbial communities. CCycDB contains 4,676 gene families within 6 categories. These gene families are further categorized into 45 sub-categories within sub-category I and 188 sub-categories within sub-category II with a total of 10,991,724 targeted sequences. A series of validations demonstrated that CCycDB outperformed large public orthology databases in terms of coverage, specificity, and accuracy, and can be used to accurately profile carbon cycling microbial communities in real metagenomic datasets.</p>
Data from: Microbial carbon use efficiency and soil organic carbon stocks across an elevational gradient in the Peruvian Andes
<p>Soils of mountain ecosystems are one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to climate change, while the ecosystem services they produce are significant and currently at risk. High altitude soils contain high C stocks, but due to difficult access to sites these areas are understudied. Moreover, how the C and N cycling is changing in response to climate change in these ecosystems, is still unclear. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and its dependency on the environmental constraints along the altitudinal gradients is one important unknown factor. Here we present results from an altitudinal gradient study (3500 to 4500 m a.s.l.) from a Polylepis forest in the Peruvian Andes. We measured the soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks and microbial metabolic CUE by <sup>13</sup>C glucose tracing and microbial resource use efficiency (CUE<sub>C</sub><sub>:</sub><sub>N</sub>) based on enzyme activity measurements. We expected to find an increase in SOC stock, microbial nutrient limitations, and lower CUE with elevation. SOC stocks depended on soil development and followed a unimodal curve that peaks at 4000 m in two of the three studied valleys. Neither <sup>13</sup>CUE nor CUE<sub>C:N</sub> changed significantly with altitude. Soil C:N ratio, β-glucosidase, chitinase, and phosphatase enzyme activities increased with elevation, but peroxidase activity decreased with elevation. We suggest that more labile organic matter left at high elevation could compensate for the increasing nutrient limitation at high elevation, resulting in no noticeable change in CUE with elevation.</p>
Protists regulate microbially-mediated organic carbon turnover in soil aggregates
<p>Soil protists, the major predator of bacteria and fungi, shape the taxonomic and functional structure of soil microbiome via trophic regulation. However, how trophic interactions between protists and their prey influence microbially mediated soil organic carbon turnover remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the protistan communities and microbial trophic interactions across different aggregates-size fractions in agricultural soil with long-term fertilization regimes. Our results showed that aggregate sizes significantly influenced the protistan community and microbial hierarchical interactions. Bacterivores were the predominant protistan functional group and were more abundant in macroaggregates and silt + clay than in microaggregates, while omnivores showed an opposite distribution pattern. Furthermore, partial least square path modeling revealed positive impacts of omnivores on the C-decomposition genes and soil organic matter (SOM) contents, while bacterivores displayed negative impacts. Microbial trophic interactions were intensive in macroaggregates and silt + clay but were restricted in microaggregates, as indicated by the intensity of protistan-bacterial associations and network complexity and connectivity. Cercozoan taxa were consistently identified as the keystone species in SOM degradation-related ecological clusters in macroaggregates and silt + clay, indicating the critical roles of protists in SOM degradation by regulating bacterial and fungal taxa. Chemical fertilization had a positive effect on soil C sequestration through suppressing SOM degradation-related ecological clusters in macroaggregate and silt + clay. Conversely, the associations between the trophic interactions and SOM contents were decoupled in microaggregates, suggesting limited microbial contributions to SOM turnovers. Our study demonstrates the importance of protists-driven trophic interactions on soil C cycling in agricultural ecosystems.</p>
Dataset on soil and soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry
<p>Dataset on soil and soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus stoichiometry. This dataset is compiled for for the scientific paper entitled "Interpreting stoichiometric homeostasis and flexibility of soil microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus" (doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110018).</p>
Freshwater viral metagenome assembled genomes (vMAGs) used for vContact2 analysis in publication Genome-resolved metaproteomics decodes the microbial and viral contributions to coupled carbon and nitrogen cycling in river sediments
<p>This dataset contains all freshwater viruses that were mined from publicly available data in an effort to provide biogeographical context to viral communities identified from the Columbia River. These two files include data from:</p> <p>1) East River, CO (PRJNA579838)</p> <p>2) A previous study from the Columbia River, WA (PRJNA375338)</p> <p>3) Prairie Potholes, ND (PRJNA365086)</p> <p>4) Amazon River (PRJNA237344)</p> <p> </p> <p>Manuscript title Genome-resolved metaproteomics decodes the microbial and viral contributions to coupled carbon and nitrogen cycling in river sediments</p>
Supporting Information for: Microbial blooms triggered pyrite framboid enrichment and oxygen depletion in carbonate platforms immediately after the latest Permian extinction
<p>Supporting Information for:</p> <p><strong>Microbial blooms triggered pyrite framboid enrichment and oxygen depletion in carbonate platforms immediately after the latest Permian extinction</strong></p> <p>The supporting information includes: (1) conodont biostratigraphic and carbon isotopic chemostratigraphic correlations of the uppermost Permian to lowest Triassic successions from nine studied sections across South China and (2) pyrite framboid size distributions and redox variations throughout the Permian-Triassic boundary successions of the nine studied sections.</p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.