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Seismic profiles, diatom and microfossil assemblages, and radiocarbon ages for constructing a post-glacial sea level curve from Fiordland, New Zealand
Two research cruises (12PL027 and 13PL018) were conducted aboard the University of Otago RV Polaris II in 2012 and 2013 to collect marine sediment cores and 2d seismic data as part of a collaborative research effort to study late-Pleistocene and Holocene environmental change in New Zealand. Data includes 4 Boomer seismic profiles, 4 CHIRP seismic profiles, seismic line GPS tracks, diatom assemblages (raw counts and relative abundances) and microfossil assemblages (raw counts and relative abundances), and radiocarbon ages from 4 marine sediment cores. The data used to construct a post-glacial sea level curve for Fiordland, New Zealand are also included, as well as data from published literature plotted for global comparisons. These data accompany the publication: Dlabola. E.K., Wilson, G.S., Gorman, A.R., Riesselman, C.R., and Moy, C.M. 2015. A post-glacial sea-level curve from Fiordland, New Zealand. Global and Planetary Change, 131, 101-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.05.010
Data from: Diversity dynamics of microfossils from the Cretaceous to the Neogene show mixed responses to events
<p>Microfossils have a ubiquitous and well-studied fossil record with temporally and spatially fluctuating diversity, but how this arises and how major events affect speciation and extinction is uncertain. We present the first application of PyRate to a micropaleontological global occurrence data set, reconstructing diversification rates within a Bayesian framework from the Mesozoic to the Recent in four microfossil groups: planktic foraminiferans, calcareous nannofossils, radiolarians and diatoms. Calcareous and siliceous groups demonstrate opposed, but inconsistent, responses in diversification. Siliceous groups increased origination from ~104 Ma, maintaining high rates into the Cenozoic. Calcareous microfossils diversification rates significantly decline across the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary, while rates in siliceous microfossil groups remain stable until the Paleocene–Eocene transition. Diversification rates in the Cenozoic are largely stable in calcareous groups, whereas the Paleogene is a turbulent time for diatoms. Diversification fluctuations are driven by climate change and fluctuations in sea surface temperatures, promoting selectivity in both microfossil composition and foraminiferal size. Extinctions appear induced by changes in anoxia, acidification, and stratification, while speciation tends to be associated with upwelling, productivity, and ocean circulation. These results show promise for further quantitative analyses in micropaleontological diversity studies and effects of major transitions in the fossil record. Despite extensive occurrence data, regional diversification events were not recovered, neither were some global events. These unexpected results show the need to consider multiple spatiotemporal levels of diversity and diversification analyses, and implies occurrence data sets of different clades may be more appropriate to testing some hypotheses than others.</p>
Fig. 5 in New vertebrate microfossils expand the diversity of the chondrichthyan and actinopterygian fauna of the Maastrichtian-Danian Hornerstown Formation in New Jersey
Fig. 5. Stratigraphic occurrences of each taxon discussed in this study, with new range extensions noted in red. The range extensions shown are based on the global record of each taxon, and thus represent global temporal range extensions (i.e., they are not merely extensions in the record solely at Edelman Fossil Park). Placement and thickness of the Main Fossiliferous Layer (MFL) and "oyster layer" beneath it within the lower Hornerstown Formation are based on the findings of Voegele et al. (2021), and assignment of the dinoflagellate zones is based on Koch and Olsson (1977) and Aurisano (1989).
Fig. 1 in New vertebrate microfossils expand the diversity of the chondrichthyan and actinopterygian fauna of the Maastrichtian-Danian Hornerstown Formation in New Jersey
Fig. 1. Map showing the location of the outcrops of Cretaceous and Paleocene strata and Jean and Ric Edelman Fossil Park Quarry in Mantua Township, New Jersey, USA. Reproduced, with permission, from Ullmann et al. (2018).
Fig. 4 in New vertebrate microfossils expand the diversity of the chondrichthyan and actinopterygian fauna of the Maastrichtian-Danian Hornerstown Formation in New Jersey
Fig. 4. Remains of the alligatorid crocodilian Bottosaurus harlani (von Meyer, 1832) (A–C) and mosasaurid cf. Mosasaurus hoffmannii Mantell, 1829 (D) recovered from the Cretaceous–Paleogene lower Hornerstown Formation at the Jean and Ric Edelman Fossil Park in Mantua Township, New Jersey, USA. A. Posterior tooth (RU-EFP-02450) in labial (A1), lingual (A2), and mesial or distal (A3) views. B.?Posterior tooth (RU-EFP-03876) in labial (B1), lingual B2), and occlusal (B3) views. C. Left dentary (RU-EFP-03820) in dorsal (C1), medial (C2), lateral (C3), and ventral (C4) views. D. Right pterygoid (RU- EFP-03592) in medial (D1), ventral (D2), and lateral (D3) views. Abbreviations: av, alveolus; t, tooth.
Fig. 3 in New vertebrate microfossils expand the diversity of the chondrichthyan and actinopterygian fauna of the Maastrichtian-Danian Hornerstown Formation in New Jersey
Fig. 3. Exemplar actinopterygian scutes (A, B) and teeth (C–I) recovered from the Cretaceous–Paleogene lower Hornerstown Formation at the Jean and Ric Edelman Fossil Park in Mantua Township, New Jersey, USA. A, B. Aulopiform teleost Dercetidae gen. et sp. indet., RU-EFP-02490 (A) and RU- EFP-00228-1 (B), in dorsal (A1, B1) and lateral (A2, B2) views. C. Phyllodontid elopiform Phyllodus paulkatoi Estes & Hiatt, 1978 (RU-EFP-04165-1) in occlusal (C1) and lateral (C2) views. D. Phyllodontid elopiform Paralbula marylandica Blake, 1940 (RU-EFP-00228-2) in occlusal (D1) and lateral (D2) views. E. Saurodontid ichthyodectiform Saurocephalus lanciformis Harlan, 1824 (RU-EFP-04151) in labial (E1) and lingual (E2) views. F, G. Enchodontid aulopiform Enchodus gladiolus (Cope, 1872). F. RU-EFP-04157-1 in lateral view. G. RU-EFP-02188 in lateral (G1) and basal (G1) views. H. Lepisosteid lepisosteiform Atractosteus sp. (RU-EFP-02939) in labial (H1) and mesial or distal (H2) views. I. Pycnodontid pycnodontiform Anomoeodus phaseolus (Hay, 1899) (RU-EFP-02858) in lateral view.
Fig. 2 in New vertebrate microfossils expand the diversity of the chondrichthyan and actinopterygian fauna of the Maastrichtian-Danian Hornerstown Formation in New Jersey
Fig. 2. Chondrichthyan ichthyoliths from the Cretaceous–Paleogene lower Hornerstown Formation at the Jean and Ric Edelman Fossil Park in Mantua Township, New Jersey, USA. Anterolateral (A, I, K) and lateral (C–H) teeth, mandibular toothplate (B), and spine (J). A. Triakid carchariniform Palaeogaleus vincenti (Daimeries, 1888) (RU-EFP-04145) in labial (A1) and lingual (A2) views. B. Callorhynchid chimaeriform Ischyodus bifurcatus (Case, 1978) (RU-EFP-03717) in oral (B1) and labial (B2) views. C. Hexanchid Heptranchias howellii (Reed, 1946) (RU-EFP-04139) in labial (C1) and lingual (C2) views. D. Hexanchid Hexanchus sp. (RU-EFP-02633) in labial (D1) and lingual (D2) views. E, F. Hexanchid Notidanodon brotzeni (Siverson, 1995), RU-EFP-04141 (E) and RU-EFP-03586 (F) in labial (E1, F1) and lingual (E2, F2) views. G. Hexanchid Weltonia ancistrodon (Arambourg, 1952) (RU-EFP-04142) in labial (G1) and lingual (G2) views. H. Pseudocoracid lamniform Pseudocorax affinis (Münster in Agassiz, 1843) (RU-EFP-02832) in labial (H1) and lingual (H2) views. I, J. Squalid Squalus sp. I. RU-EFP-02582 in lateral view. J. RU-EFP-00157-7 in labial (J1) and lingual (J2) views. K. Orthacodontid synechodontiform Sphenodus lundgreni (Davis, 1890) (RU-EFP-02913) in labial (K1), lingual (K2), mesial or distal (K3), occlusal (K4), and basal (K5) views.
Fig. 2 in Facies Associations And Microfossils From The Middle-Upper Triassic Limestones Of The Transilvanian Nappes (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 2 Outcrop images and location of the studied olistoliths [a, b: outcrops - of the Old Racoș Quarry; c location of the studied olistoliths and position of the most important topographic elements (A-Old Racoș Quarry and Olt Gorges section, samples 1-31 and 32-100; B-Tipia Racoșului section, samples 101-171; C-Tipia Ormenișului section, samples 172-220); d General view over the Tipia Racoșului Hill (black rectangle); e General view of the Olt Gorges and Tipia Ormenișului Hill (black rectangle).
Fig. 5 in Facies Associations And Microfossils From The Middle-Upper Triassic Limestones Of The Transilvanian Nappes (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 5 Microproblematic organisms from the Triassic limestones of the studied area. a Bacinella ordinata Pantić. b Tubiphytes sp. c Plexoramea cerebriformis Mello. d Perturbatacrusta leini Schlagintweit & Gawlick. e Radiomura cautica Senowbari-Daryan & Scheffer. f Taumathoporella parvovesiculifera (Raineri). g Ladinella porata Ott. h Baccanella floriformis Pantić. i Rivularia sp. j "Solenopora" sp. a: sample 52, Olt Gorges section; b: sample 90, Olt Gorges section; c: sample 38, Olt Gorges section; d: sample 74, Olt Gorges section; e: sample 143, Tipia Racoșuluai section; f: sample 39, Olt Gorges section; g: sample 47, Olt Gorges section; h: sample 75, Olt Gorges section. Scale bar: a-c, e-h: 0.25 mm; d, i-j: 0.5 mm.
Fig. 1 a in Facies Associations And Microfossils From The Middle-Upper Triassic Limestones Of The Transilvanian Nappes (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 1 a Geological map of the studied area and location of studied sections [(A-Olt Gorges section and the Old Racoș Quarry; B-Tipia Racoșului section; C-Tipia Ormenișului section) (redrawn from Popescu et al., 1976)]; b Olistoliths from the Perșani Mountains and their relationship with other sedimentary units (redrawn from Patrulius et al., 1996) (not at scale); c Carbonate successions of the Triassic deposits from the olistoliths belonging to the Perșani and Olt nappes (Hăghimaș, Surmanu and Pietrele lui Murgoci sections) (redrawn from Patrulius et al., 1996); d Distribution of the olistoliths on the teritory of the central and northern Perșani Mountains (redrawn from Patrulius et al., 1996).
Fig. 4 in Facies Associations And Microfossils From The Middle-Upper Triassic Limestones Of The Transilvanian Nappes (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 4 Foraminifera from the Triassic limetones of the studied area. a Endotriadella wirzi Koehn-Zaninetti; b Meandrospira dinarica Kochansky-Devidé & Pantić; c Duostominid foraminifera; d Turriglomina mesotriasica Koehn-Zaninetti; e Endoteba sp; f Endotriada sp.; g, l Paleolituonella sp.; h, i Ophtalmidium sp; j Nodosariid foraminifera; k Earlandia sp. a: sample 20, Old Racoș Quarry; b: sample 19B, Old Racoș Quarry; c: sample 9, Old Racoș Quarry; d: sample 219, Tipia Ormenișului section; e: sample 40, Olt Gorges section; f: sample 44, Olt Gorges section; g, h: sample 183, Tipia Ormenișului section; i: sample 52, Olt Gorges section; j: sample 39, Olt Gorges section; k: sample 19c, Old Racoș Quarry; l: sample 118, Tipia Racoșului section. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.
Fig. 3 a in Facies Associations And Microfossils From The Middle-Upper Triassic Limestones Of The Transilvanian Nappes (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 3 a Boundstone with peloidal packstone-grainstone internal sediment. Corals are encrusted by Tubiphytes sp (yellow arrows); b Sponge bioconstruction with Solenolmia manon manon. The internal sediment contains encrusting organisms (Tubiphytes sp.-red arrow, Ladinella porata-yellow arrow); c Brecciated intraclastic peloidal rudstone with encrusting organism (Tubiphytes sp.-yellow arrow); d Bioclastic grainstone with encrusting organisms; e Dolomitized wackestone-packstone. It contains abundant cyanobacteria nodules (Rivularia sp.-yellow arrow), bivalves and gastropods. Euhedral dolomite crystals are present within the micritic sediment; f Dolomitized wackestone-packstone with cyanobacteria nodules and black pebble type intrasclasts; g Fenestral wackestone-packstone with cyanobacteria (Rivularia sp.), fragments of "Solenopora" sp. and bivalves. Millimetre sized fenestral structures (white arrows) contain vadose silt and geopetal sediment. Meniscus micrite is present between peloids and other intraclasts; h Fenestral wackestone with black pebbles (yellow arrows). It contains rare bivalves and cyanobacteria nodules. The fenestral structures contain vadose silt and geopetal sediment. a: sample 80, Olt Gorges section; b: sample 77, Olt Gorges section; c: sample 55, Olt Gorges section; d: sample 30, Old Racoș Quarry; e, f: sample 173, Tipia Ormenișului section; g: sample 174, Tipia Ormenișului section; h: sample 175, Tipia Or-
Fig. 6 in Facies Associations And Microfossils From The Middle-Upper Triassic Limestones Of The Transilvanian Nappes (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 6 Sponges from the Triassic limestones of the studied area. a,b Solenolmia manon manon (Münster). c Celyphia zoldana Ott, Pisa & Farabegoli. d Colospongia catenulata catenulata Ott. a: sample 13, Olt Gorges section; b: sample 77, Olt Gorges section; c-sample 103, Tipia Racoșului section; d: sample 195, Tipia Ormenișului section. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Upper Jurassic To Lowermost Cretaceous Microfossils From The Hăghimaş Mountains (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 2 Succession of the Upper Jurassic-lowermost Cretaceous limestones in the FO1 profile with stratigraphic range of the identified microfossils.
Fig. 6 Foraminifera. a-c, e, f in Upper Jurassic To Lowermost Cretaceous Microfossils From The Hăghimaş Mountains (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 6 Foraminifera. a-c, e, f Trocholina conica (Schlumberger). Subaxial (a-c), and oblique (e, f) sections; a – thin section FO2-A1(3); b – thin section FO1-C(1); c – thin section FO2-A1(2); e – thin section FO1-F2; f – thin section FO2-A1. d?Saracenaria sp., thin section FO2-B8. g Mohlerina basiliensis (Mohler), oblique-tangential section; thin section FO-10A. h, i Coscinoconus alpinus Leupold in Leupold & Bigler, subaxial sections; thin section FO-10A. j, l-o Epistominidae. j – thin section FO2-B5; l – thin section FO1-A1; m – thin section FO1-F(1); n – thin section FO1-D; o – thin section FO2-B3. k Longitudinal section through a nodosariid foraminifera; thin section FO3. p, q Spirillina spp. Axial sections. p – thin section FO1-A0(1); q – thin section FO2-B4. r, s, v Lenticulina spp. Subequatorial (r, v) and subaxial (s) sections; r – thin section FO2-B10; s – thin sections FO2-A1; v – thin section FO1-C1. t, u Encrusting foraminifera. t – encrusting agglutinated foraminifera, thin section FO1-E; u – Bullopora sp., thin section FO1-F92).
Fig. 9 Microbial crusts and sponges. a in Upper Jurassic To Lowermost Cretaceous Microfossils From The Hăghimaş Mountains (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 9 Microbial crusts and sponges. a Laminated, fine-peloidal stromatolitic structure; thin section FO1-F2(2). b Lithistid(?) sponge; thin section FO2-B6(2). c-e Microbial crust around a sediment fragment containing different bioclasts showing encrusting Koskinobulina socialis Cherchi & Schroeder (white arrows in d and e = close-up views of c). The arrow in c points to a saccdocomid ossicle); thin section F1-G. f Rivularia/Cayeuxia type cyanobacteria; thin section FO1-10B. g Calpionella alpina Lorenz; thin section FO4. h Microbial-ferruginous crust; thin section FO2-A1. i Muranella parvissima (Dragastan); thin section FO1-H(2).
Fig. 1 in Upper Jurassic To Lowermost Cretaceous Microfossils From The Hăghimaş Mountains (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 1 Location of the studied section: a Location of the Hăghimaş Nappe within the Eastern Carpathians, based on the geotectonic map of Romania (Săndulescu, 1984). b Location of the Fagul Oltului Valley on the geological outline map of the Hăghimaş Mountains (based on Săndulescu, 1975).
Fig. 5 Foraminifera. a-i in Upper Jurassic To Lowermost Cretaceous Microfossils From The Hăghimaş Mountains (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 5 Foraminifera. a-i Bramkampella arabica Redmond. Longitudinal (subaxial) (a, b), longitudinal-tangential (c), oblique (d, e, h), and transverse (f, g, i) sections; thin section FO4. j Textularia sp., thin section FO1-G(2). k-m Mayncina sp. k – thin section FO9B; l, m – thin section FO9A. n, o Protopeneroplis cf. ultragranulata (Gorbatchik). Subaxial (n) and subequatorial (o) sections; thin section FO1-H(2). p Nautiloculina cf. bronnimanni Arnaud-Vanneau & Peybernès, subaxial section; thin section FO1- H(2). q, r Reophax spp. q – thin section FO9-A; r – thin section FO5.
Fig. 4 Calcareous algae. a-e in Upper Jurassic To Lowermost Cretaceous Microfossils From The Hăghimaş Mountains (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 4 Calcareous algae. a-e Actinoporella/Clypeina sp. Different sections through laterals; a, d – thin section FO7-A; b, c – thin section FO7-C; e – thin section FO1-H. f-h Salpingoporella pygmaea (Gümbel). Oblique (f, g) and transverse (H) sections; f, g – thin section FO1-H(2); g – thin section FO1-H. i Charophyte gyrogonite; j, k Terquemella sp.; thin section FO8. l Rajkaella bartheli Bernier. Section of the distal part of the primary lateral and the secondary laterals; thin section FO4.
Fig. 3 in Upper Jurassic To Lowermost Cretaceous Microfossils From The Hăghimaş Mountains (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Fig. 3 Succession of the Upper Jurassic limestones in the FO2 profile with the stratigraphic range of the identified microfossils.
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