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17 results for “migration energy”
Role of energy migration in the efficiency of upconversion-based resonance energy transfer to organic acceptors
<p>Graphs, data set and algorithms (in Matlab) for the article:</p> <div>Kotulska, A. M., Prorok, K., Bezkrovnyi, O., Pilch-Wrobel, A., & Bednarkiewicz, A. (2024). Role of energy migration in the efficiency of upconversion-based resonance energy transfer to organic acceptors. <em>Journal of Luminescence</em>, <em>275</em>, 120823. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JLUMIN.2024.120823</div> <p>(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022231324003879)<br>Abstract: Lanthanide (Ln)-doped upconverting nanocrystals (LnNPs) exhibit suitable features as energy donors for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The sensitivity of biosensors can be improved by optically active materials with anti-Stokes emission, narrowband absorption and emission spectral lines, and long luminescence lifetimes. In contrast to energy reabsorption, energy transfer between the upconversion nanocrystals (UCNPs) and organic dyes attached to their surface can be observed through donor emission quenching and acceptor emission and decreases in the luminescence lifetimes of donors. Although the emission spectra confirmed that FRET occurred from the Er3+ ions to the Rose Bengal acceptor, the luminescence lifetimes were generally not affected by the presence of the acceptor. The Ln3+ dopant in LnNPs, which typically has 20–100 % Yb3+ sensitizer ions and 0.2–2% activator (Er3+/Tm3+/Ho3+) ions, results in hundreds to thousands of Ln3+ ions in a single UCNP. The interaction between multiple Ln3+ ions results in significant energy migration and storage in the Yb3+ sensitizer network, which is often recharged with the energy of the Er3+ ions when they emit and nonradiatively transfer their energy to acceptor species. However, the energy transfer mechanisms could not be unambiguously determined through spectroscopic data due to the nature the upconversion process. Studies confirmed that the energy migration distance was significantly shortened when the LnNP surface contained acceptors; this affected the energy storage and ‘recharging’ capability of the Yb3+ sensitizer network within the UCNPs. These results provide hints on the future use of LnNP as effective FRET probes, in which the highest possible absorption cross section and possibly lowest dopant concentration should be maintained.<br>Keywords: Nanocrystals; Resonance energy transfer; FRET; Monte Carlo; Lanthanide ions</p>
Engineering the Compositional Architecture of Core-Shell Upconverting Lanthanide-Doped Nanoparticles for Optimal Luminescent Donor in Resonance Energy Transfer: The Effects of Energy Migration and Storage
<p>Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) between single molecule donor (D) and acceptor (A) is well understood from fundamental perspective and is widely applied in biology, biotechnology, medical diagnostics and bio-imaging. However, the reliability of molecular FRET measurements can be affected by numerous artefacts which eventually hamper quantitative and reliable analysis, mostly due to issues with the donor and acceptor molecules. Lanthanide doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have demonstrated their suitability as alternative donor species. Nevertheless, while they solved most disadvantageous features of organic donor molecules, such as photo-bleaching, spectral cross-excitation and emission bleed-through, the fundamental understanding and practical realizations of bio-assays with UCNP donors remain challenging. Among others, the actual donor ions in individual donor UCNPs are the numerous activator ions randomly distributed in the nanoparticle at various distances to acceptors anchored on the nanoparticle surface. Further, the power dependent, complex energy transfer upconversion and energy migration between sensitizing and activating lanthanide ions within UCNPs complicate the decay based analysis of <strong><em>D</em></strong>-<strong><em>A</em></strong> interaction. In this work, the assessment of designed virtual core-shell nanoparticle (VNP) models led us to the new designs of UCNPs, such as …@Er, Yb@Er, Yb@YbEr, which were experimentally evaluated as donor nanoparticles and compared to the simulations. Moreover, the specific properties of lanthanide-based upconversion motivated us to analyze not only steady-state luminescence and luminescence decay responses of both the UNCP donor and the sensitized acceptor, but also the effects of their luminescence rise kinetics upon RET was discussed in newly proposed disparity measurements. The presented studies help to understand the role of energy-transfer and energy migration between lanthanide ion dopants (due to their concentration and spatial distribution) and how the architecture of core-shell UCNPs affects their performance as FRET donors to organic acceptor dyes.</p>
Data for: Industrial energy development decouples ungulate migration from the green wave
<p>The ability to freely move across the landscape to track the emergence of nutritious spring green-up (termed "green-wave surfing"), is key to the foraging strategy of migratory ungulates. Across the vast landscapes traversed by many migratory herds, habitats are being altered by development with unknown consequences for surfing. Using a unique long-term tracking dataset, we found that when energy development occurs within mule deer (<em>Odocoileus hemionus</em>) migration corridors, migrating animals become decoupled from the green wave. During the early phases of a coalbed natural gas development, deer synchronized their movements with peak green-up. But faced with increasing disturbance as development expanded, deer altered their movements by holding up at the edge of the gas field and letting the green wave pass them by. Development often modified only a small portion of the migration corridor but had far-reaching effects on behavior before and after migrating deer encountered it, thus reducing surfing along the entire route by 38.65% over the 14-year study period. Our study suggests that industrial development within migratory corridors can change the behavior of migrating ungulates and diminish the benefits of migration. Such disruptions to migratory behavior present a common mechanism whereby corridors become unprofitable and could ultimately be lost on highly developed landscapes.</p>
Data from: seasonal patterns and processes of migration in a long-distance migratory bird: energy or time minimization?
<p>Optimal migration theory prescribes adaptive strategies of energy, time or mortality minimization. To test alternative hypotheses of energy and time minimization migration we used multisensory data loggers recording time-resolved flight activity and light for positioning by geolocation in a long-distance migratory shorebird, little ringed plover Charadrius dubius. We could reject the hypothesis of energy minimization based on a relationship between stopover duration and subsequent flight time as predicted for a time minimizer. We found seasonally diverging slopes between stopover and flight durations in relation to the progress (time) of migration, which follows for a time minimizing policy if resource gradients increase and decrease, respectively. Total flight duration did not differ significantly between autumn and spring migration, although spring migration was 6% shorter. Overall duration of autumn migration was longer than that in spring, mainly due to a mid-migration stop in most birds, when they likely initiated moult. Overall migration speed was not significantly different between autumn and spring. Migratory flights often occurred as runs of 2-7 nocturnal flights on adjacent days, which may be countering a time minimization strategy. Other factors may influence a preference for nocturnal migration, such as avoiding flight in turbulent conditions, heat stress, and diurnal predators.</p>
Data from: seasonal patterns and processes of migration in a long-distance migratory bird: energy or time minimization?
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Data for: Industrial energy development decouples ungulate migration from the green wave
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Data from: A bridge between oceans: Overland migration of marine birds in a wind energy corridor
Located at the shortest overland route between the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean, Mexico's Tehuantepec Isthmus is a globally important migratory corridor for many terrestrial bird species. The Pacific coast of the Isthmus also contains a significant wetland complex that supports large multi-species aggregations of non-breeding waterbirds during the boreal winter. In recent years, extensive wind energy development has occurred in the plains bordering these wetlands, directly along the migratory flyway. Using recent studies of movement patterns of three marine-associated bird species—reddish egrets (Egretta rufescens), brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis), and red knots (Calidris canutus)—from the northern Gulf of Mexico, we assess the use of the isthmus as a migratory corridor. Our data provide evidence that marine birds from the Gulf region regularly overwinter along the Pacific coast of Mexico and use the isthmus as a migratory corridor, creating the potential for interaction with terrestrial wind farms during non-breeding. This study is the first to describe migration by marine-associated bird species between the Gulf of Mexico and Pacific coast. These data contribute new information toward ongoing efforts to understand the complex migration patterns of mobile marine species, with the goal of informing integrated conservation efforts for species whose year-round habitat needs cross ecoregional and geopolitical boundaries.
Data from: Energy expenditure of adult green turtles (Chelonia mydas) at their foraging grounds and during simulated oceanic migration
Measuring the energy requirements of animals under natural conditions and determining how acquired energy is allocated to specific activities is a central theme in ecophysiology. Turtle reproductive output is fundamentally linked with their energy balance so a detailed understanding of marine turtle energy requirements during the different phases of their life cycle at sea is essential for their conservation. We used the non-invasive accelerometry technique to investigate the activity patterns and energy expenditure (EE) of adult green turtles (Chelonia mydas) foraging year-round at a seagrass meadow in Mayotte (n = 13) and during simulated oceanic migration (displacement from the nesting beach) off Mohéli (n = 1), in the south-western Indian Ocean. At the foraging site, turtles divided their days between foraging benthically on the shallow seagrass meadow during daylight hours and resting at greater depth on the inner side of the reef slope at night. Estimated oxygen consumption rates (sinline image) and daily energy expenditures (DEE) at the foraging site were low (sinline image during the day was 1·6 and 1·9 times the respective resting rate at night during the austral summer and winter, respectively), which is consistent with the requirement to build up substantial energy reserves at the foraging site, to sustain the energy-demanding breeding migration and reproduction. Dive duration (but not dive depth) at the foraging site shifted significantly with season (dive duration increased with declining water temperatures, Tw), while overall activity levels remained unchanged. In parallel with a significant seasonal decline in Tw (from 28·9 ± 0·1 °C to 25·3 ± 0·4 °C), there was a moderate (˜19%) but significant decline in DEE of turtles during the austral winter (901 ± 111 kJ day−1), when compared with the austral summer (1117 ± 66 kJ day−1). By contrast, the turtle moved continuously during simulated oceanic migration, conducting short/shallow dives in the day, which (predominately at night) were interspersed with longer and deeper 'pelagic' dives. Estimated oxygen consumption rates during a simulated migration (1·25 ± 0·16 mL O2 min−1 kg−0·83) were found to be significantly increased over the foraging condition, equal to ˜3 times the resting rate at night (0·42 ± 0·02 mL O2 min−1 kg−0·83), and daily energy expenditure amounted to 2327 ± 292 kJ day−1, underlining the tremendous energetic effort associated with breeding migration. Our study indicates that the accelerometry technique provides a new and promising opportunity to study marine turtle energy relations in great detail and under natural conditions.
Data from: Do the high energy lifestyles of shorebirds result in high maximal metabolic rates? - Basal and maximal metabolic rates in least and pectoral sandpipers during migration
Shorebirds have high resting and field metabolic rates relative to many other bird groups, and this is posited to be related to their high-energy lifestyle. Maximum metabolic outputs for cold or exercise are also often high for bird groups with energetically demanding lifestyles. Moreover, shorebirds demonstrate flexible basal and maximal metabolic rates, which vary with changing energy demands throughout the annual cycle. Consequently, shorebirds might be expected to have high maximum metabolic rates, especially during migration periods. We captured least (Calidris minutilla) and pectoral (C. melanotos) sandpipers during spring and fall migration in southeastern South Dakota and measured maximal exercise metabolic rate (MMR; least sandpipers only), summit metabolic rate (Msum, maximal cold-induced metabolic rate) and basal metabolic rate (BMR, minimum maintenance metabolic rate) with open-circuit respirometry. BMR for both least and pectoral sandpipers exceeded allometric predictions by 3-14%, similar to other shorebirds, but Msum and MMR for both species were either similar to or lower than allometric predictions, suggesting that the elevated BMR in shorebirds does not extend to maximal metabolic capacities. Old World shorebirds show the highest BMR during the annual cycle on the Arctic breeding grounds. Similarly, least sandpiper BMR during migration was lower than on the Arctic breeding grounds, but this was not the case for pectoral sandpipers, so our data only partially support the idea of similar seasonal patterns of BMR variation in New World and Old World shorebirds. We found no correlations of BMR with either Msum or MMR for either raw or mass-independent data, suggesting that basal and maximum aerobic metabolic rates are modulated independently in these species.
Using weather radar to help minimize wind energy impacts on nocturnally migrating birds
<p>As wind energy rapidly expands worldwide, information to minimize impacts of this development on biodiversity is urgently needed. Here we demonstrate how data collected by weather radar networks can inform placement and operation of wind facilities to reduce collisions and minimize habitat-related impacts for nocturnally migrating birds. We found over a third of nocturnal migrants flew through altitudes within the rotor-swept zone surrounding the North American Great Lakes, a continentally important migration corridor. Migrating birds concentrated in terrestrial stopover habitats within 20-km from shorelines, a distance well beyond the current guidelines for construction of new land-based facilities, and their distributions varied seasonally and at local and regional scales, creating predictable opportunities to minimize impacts from wind energy development and operation. Networked radar data are available across the U.S. and other countries and broad application of this approach could provide information critical to bird-friendly expansion of this globally important energy source.</p>
Cellular cruise control: energy expenditure as a regulator of collective migration in epithelia
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Data from: A bridge between oceans: Overland migration of marine birds in a wind energy corridor
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Using weather radar to help minimize wind energy impacts on nocturnally migrating birds
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Data from: Energy expenditure of adult green turtles (Chelonia mydas) at their foraging grounds and during simulated oceanic migration
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Data from: Do the high energy lifestyles of shorebirds result in high maximal metabolic rates? - Basal and maximal metabolic rates in least and pectoral sandpipers during migration
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Spatially anonymized data from: Novel step selection analyses on energy landscapes reveal how linear features alter migrations of soaring birds
<p>This dataset consists of spatially anonymized movement data as well as environmental covariate data to estimate energy landscape step selection selections for migratory golden eagles that summer in Alaska.</p> <ol> <li>Human modification of landscapes includes extensive addition of linear features, such as roads and transmission lines. These can alter animal movement and space use and affect the intensity of interactions among species, including predation and competition. Effects of linear features on animal movement have seen relatively little research in avian systems, despite ample evidence of their effects in mammalian systems and that some types of linear features, including both roads and transmission lines, are substantial sources of mortality.</li> <li>Here, we used satellite telemetry combined with step selection functions designed to explicitly incorporate the energy landscape (el‐SSFs) to investigate the effects of linear features and habitat on movements and space use of a large soaring bird, the golden eagle <em>Aquila chrysaetos</em>, during migration. Our sample consisted of 32 adult eagles tracked for 45 spring and 39 fall migrations from 2014 to 2017.</li> <li>Fitted el‐SSFs indicated eagles had a strong general preference for south‐facing slopes, where thermal uplift develops predictably, and that these areas are likely important aspects of migratory pathways. el‐SSFs also provided evidence that roads and railroads affected movement during both spring and fall migrations, but eagles selected areas near roads to a greater degree in spring compared to fall and at higher latitudes compared to lower latitudes. During spring, time spent near linear features often occurred during slower‐paced or stopover movements, perhaps in part to access carrion produced by vehicle collisions.</li> <li>Regardless of the behavioural mechanism of selection, use of these features could expose eagles and other soaring species to elevated risk via collision with vehicles and/or transmission lines. Linear features have previously been documented to affect the ecology of terrestrial species (e.g. large mammals) by modifying individuals' movement patterns; our work shows that these effects on movement extend to avian taxa.</li> </ol>
Spatially anonymized data from: Novel step selection analyses on energy landscapes reveal how linear features alter migrations of soaring birds
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.