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34 results for “migration phenology”
Data for: "Climatic drivers of (changes in) bat migration phenology at Bracken Cave (USA)"
<p>This dataset contains the spring and autumn migration phenology dataset used in Haest <em>et al.</em> (2020) to determine the drivers of migration phenology of Brazilian free-tailed bats at Bracken Cave (USA) over the period 1995-2017. The phenology dataset was derived from nightly colony population sizes estimated using weather radar data (Stepanian <em>et al.</em>, 2018). See the Materials and Methods section in Haest <em>et al.</em> (2020) for more details on the dataset. </p> <p>References:</p> <p>Haest, B., Stepanian, P. M., Wainwright, C. E., Liechti, F., & Bauer, S. (2021). Climatic drivers of (changes in) bat migration phenology at Bracken Cave (USA). <em>Global Change Biology</em>, 27(4), 768-780. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15433">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15433</a></p> <p>Stepanian, P. M., & Wainwright, C. E. (2018). Ongoing changes in migration phenology and winter residency at Bracken Bat Cave. <em>Global Change Biology</em>, <em>24</em>(7), 3266–3275. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14051">https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14051</a></p> <p> </p>
Dataset from: Spatially heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology induced by climate change threaten the integrity of the avian migration network
<p>Original data and code for the study:</p> <p>Wei, J., Xu, F., Cole, E. F., Sheldon, B. C., de Boer, W. F., Wielstra, B., Fu, H., Gong, P., & Si, Y. (2024, Accepted). Spatially heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology induced by climate change threaten the integrity of the avian migration network. Global Change Biology.</p> <p>The dataset mainly contains data showing the climate change-induced heterogeneous shifts in vegetation phenology and the migration integrity change from 2000 to 2020 for 16 Asian herbivorous waterfowl species. These data were derived from the following resources available in the public domain.</p> <p>The Global Lakes and Wetlands Database is available from “https://www.worldwildlife.org/pages/global-lakes-and-wetlands-database”. The global land cover datasets are available from European Space Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) products, “https://maps.elie.ucl.ac.be/CCI/viewer/download.php”. The Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data are available from “https://www.usgs.gov/centers/eros/science/terrain-monitoring-and-modeling”. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra surface reflectance product is available from “https://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/data/dataprod/mod09.php”. The bird distribution maps are available from Birdlife International, “https://www.birdlife.org/”. The bird foraging attribute data are available from EltonTraits 1.0, “https://figshare.com”. The bird occurrence data are available from eBird Basic Dataset (EBD), “https://science.ebird.org/en/use-ebird-data/download-ebird-data-products”. The Hackett backbone phylogenetic trees are available from “https://birdtree.org/”.</p> <p>The code contains the R scripts and MATLAB scripts that we used for this study.</p> <p>For details please see the file “Readme.txt”, and the research paper.</p>
Individual repeatability of avian migration phenology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
<p>Changes in phenology and distribution are being widely reported for many migratory species in response to shifting environmental conditions. Understanding these changes and the situations in which they occur can be aided by understanding consistent individual differences in phenology and distribution and the situations in which consistency varies in strength or detectability.</p> <p>Studies tracking the same individuals over consecutive years are increasingly reporting migratory timings to be a repeatable trait, suggesting that flexible individual responses to environmental conditions may contribute little to population-level changes in phenology and distribution. However, how this varies across species and sexes, across the annual cycle and in relation to study (tracking method, study design) and/or ecosystem characteristics is not yet clear.</p> <p>Here, we take advantage of the growing number of publications in movement ecology to perform a phylogenetic multilevel meta-analysis of repeatability estimates for avian migratory timings to investigate these questions. Of 2,433 reviewed studies, 54 contained suitable information for meta-analysis, resulting in 177 effect sizes from 47 species.</p> <p>Individual repeatability of avian migratory timings averaged 0.414 (95% confidence interval: 0.3–0.5) across landbirds, waterbirds and seabirds, suggesting consistent individual differences in migratory timings is a common feature of migratory systems. Timing of departure from the non-breeding grounds was more repeatable than timings of arrival at or departure from breeding grounds, suggesting that conditions encountered on migratory journeys and outcome of breeding attempts can influence individual variation.</p> <p>Population-level shifts in phenology could arise through individual timings changing with environmental conditions and/or through shifts in the numbers of individuals with different timings. Our findings suggest that, in addition to identifying the conditions associated with individual variation in phenology, exploring the causes of between-individual variation will be key in predicting future rates and directions of changes in migratory timings. We, therefore, encourage researchers to report the within- and between- individual variance components underpinning the reported repeatability estimates to aid interpretation of migration behaviour. In addition, the lack of studies in the tropics means that levels of repeatability in less strongly seasonal environments are not yet clear.</p>
Elevational differences in migration phenology of Lazuli Buntings do not support selection-based hypotheses for protandry
<p>Documenting and understanding sex-specific variation in migratory phenology is important for predicting avian population dynamics. In spring, males often arrive on the breeding grounds before females (protandry), though whether these patterns result from fitness benefits versus sex-specific constraints on arrival timing remains poorly understood. Sex-specific variation in the timing of fall migration is less well-documented than in spring, in part because documenting fall departures is often limited by cryptic behaviors, lower vocalization rates, and shifting territory boundaries during this time of year. We used two years of high-resolution encounter data from radio-frequency identification (RFID)-equipped bird feeders to monitor the daily presence of male and female Lazuli Buntings (<em>Passerina</em> <em>amoena</em>) throughout the breeding season at a high and a low elevation site in Cache County, Utah, USA. These encounter data were used to estimate daily arrival and departure probabilities and to investigate possible differences in migration timing in relation to sex and elevation. At low elevation, male arrival (n=15) preceded female arrival (n=16) by approximately one week, consistent with previous research that has documented protandry in other migratory songbirds. At high elevation, however, no significant differences were found between male (n=19) and female arrival (n=6). In fall, we found little difference in departure dates between elevation or sex, or between years. Our observations are most consistent with constraint-based hypotheses explaining protandry, possibly relating to sex-specific constraints operating during the non-breeding period. We additionally emphasize the need for quantifying uncertainty in phenological estimates and importance of addressing potential differences across demographic groups. </p>
The American Woodcock Singing Ground Survey largely conforms to the phenology of male woodcock migration
<p><strong>ABSTRACT </strong>American woodcock (<em>Scolopax minor; </em>hereafter woodcock) are monitored, in part, by counts of displaying male woodcock collected via the American Woodcock Singing Ground Survey (SGS), which suggests long-term, range-wide declines in woodcock populations. Data from the SGS have been used extensively to develop conservation plans, direct management actions, and understand causes of decline. To avoid bias, the SGS should be timed to avoid spring migration, and the distribution of survey routes should coincide with woodcock breeding distribution. We marked 133 male woodcock captured throughout eastern North America with GPS transmitters during 2019–2022, and compared the timing of their spring migration with the spatiotemporal stratification of the SGS. Most woodcock (74 %) completed migration prior to the onset of the SGS. In the northern-most SGS zone a greater percentage of males (34 %) continued migration during the survey window, however the influence of this mismatch is offset because SGS routes were run more frequently during the second half of the window. Young woodcock completing their first spring migration took 8.6 days longer to do so, on average, compared to adults, and so were more likely to migrate during the SGS window. We found little evidence that timing of migration varied among years. Existing SGS routes cover the majority of male woodcock post-migratory breeding distribution, with 90% of male woodcock establishing breeding sites within the spatial coverage of the SGS. Our results confirm the SGS includes some migrant males, with the proportion relative to resident breeding males increasing in more northern survey strata. Our data suggests these errors are unlikely to bias trend estimates at large scales (e.g., within woodcock management regions), but there may be potential for bias at more local scales (e.g., state or provincial population indices). </p>
Data from : Variation in salmon migration phenology bolsters population stability but is threatened by drought
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Individual repeatability of avian migration phenology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Elevational differences in migration phenology of Lazuli Buntings do not support selection-based hypotheses for protandry
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National Phenology Network tree phenology: Phenology, the timing of biological events such as bud break, plant flowering times and bird migration
Phenology is the study of recurring plant/animal phenophases. Environmental changes will likely impact phenological events at the species level and above. Most of the phenological changes are unknown at the species level and may have large impacts on natural ecosystems in the future. As part of a long term phenological experiment on forest ecosystems, since spring 2009 phenophases were observed on strategically selected forest species. This experiment is part of the National Phenology Network (USA-NPN).
Data from: Interannual consistency of migration phenology is season- and breeding region-specific in North American Golden Eagles
<p class="MsoNormal">Avian migrants can adjust the time they depart for migration and arrive at their destination (i.e. phenology) based on environmental conditions, the period of the annual cycle, and the distance of migration. Our study shows that interannual consistency (an indicator of the strength of adjustments) in migration schedule of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) in North America was greatest in boreal spring migration and the breeding regions of eastern Canada, suggesting that migration schedule is partly environmentally driven. Using multi-year GPS tracks of 83 adults breeding in three spatially distant regions (Alaska, northeast Canada, and southeast Canada), we quantified the interannual consistency of migration timing with variations within individuals tracked across multiple years and among-individuals and repeatability (r) of migration schedule, duration, and wintering latitude by breeding regions and seasons. By comparing regions and seasons, we found that consistency was highest (r > 0.85) for the schedule of the boreal spring migration in eastern Canada while Alaska had the lowest value (r < 0.15). Since seasonal consistency of migration schedule was only detected in eastern Canada, we conclude that seasonal features are not the main constraint on consistency of migration schedule. While regional differences in consistency were not related to differences in migratory distances, they could be the result of genetic or habitat differences. We also found that warmer temperatures than the decadal average at the region of departure delayed the start of boreal spring migration by ~10 days and advanced boreal autumn migration by ~20 days. It suggests that warmer temperatures would reduce residence time on breeding grounds, which is contrary to expectations and trends found in other studies. Wide variations in migratory strategies across a species distribution can add to the lists of challenges for conservation yet such variations can give migrants the capacity to acclimate to environmental changes.</p>
Data from: Year-round carryover effects are driven by migration phenology for Hirundo rustica (Barn Swallow) wintering in West Africa
<p>Recently, population declines have been reported for many migratory birds. Because of complex life cycles, determining the causes for such declines is often difficult. Thus, migratory birds are of special conservation interest. We studied the migratory behavior of barn swallows Hirundo rustica tagged with solar geolocators and determined carryover effects during the entire annual cycle from one breeding season to the next. We used a Partial Least Square Path Model (PLS-PM) to disentangle migratory and breeding events that occur in chronological order. In addition, we controlled for broad environmental conditions in the wintering grounds (NDVI and latitude) and the specific moulting habitat (δ13C). We did not find a carryover effect from reproduction investment in the attachment year to breeding success in the subsequent year. Individuals which invested more in reproduction departed earlier from the breeding colonies, but this in turn did not affect the onset of autumn migration. Thus, the pre-migratory period should be acting as a buffer stage counteracting any previous carryover effects from reproduction investment. On the other hand, we found a long-lasting domino effect from the onset of autumn migration to subsequent breeding success, consistent with the notion of a migratory race. Specifically, individuals which started earlier the autumn migration, arrived earlier to the wintering grounds, started earlier the spring migration, arrived earlier to the breeding colonies and had a higher breeding success. We highlight that the pre-migratory period (i.e., the time elapsed between departure from breeding areas and the onset of autumn migration) should be important for the lifecycle of migratory species, but it has been frequently overlooked.</p>
Phenological shifts in out-migrating juvenile Pacific salmon
<p><span>This dataset contains the rates of change in juvenile migration timing of 66 Pacific salmon populations ranging from Oregon to Alaska, the rates of change in timing of the initiation of spring phytoplankton bloom in nearby coastal regions, and covariates. Species represented in this dataset include coho salmon (<em>Oncorhynchus kisutch</em>), sockeye salmon (<em>O. nerka</em>), Chinook salmon (<em>O. tshawytscha</em>), pink salmon (<em>O. gorbuscha</em>), chum salmon (<em>O. keta</em>), and steelhead trout</span> (<span><em>O. mykiss</em>). Rates of change in salmon phenology includes rate of change in peak date, and rate of change in range (number of days between 25<sup>th</sup> and 75<sup>th</sup> quantile of migration).</span></p>
Joint evolution of the biogeography and phenology of seasonal migration
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Data from: Interannual consistency of migration phenology is season- and breeding region-specific in North American Golden Eagles
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Phenological shifts in out-migrating juvenile Pacific salmon
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Data from: Year-round carryover effects are driven by migration phenology for Hirundo rustica (Barn Swallow) wintering in West Africa
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Data from: Multi-decadal changes in co-occurrence of migrating landbirds are associated with species-specific changes in phenology and abundance
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Phenological synchronization of seasonal bird migration with vegetation greenness across dietary guilds
<p>1. The seasonal movement of animals has been linked to seasonal variation in ecological productivity, and it has been hypothesized that primary consumers synchronize migration with vegetation phenology. Within temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, herbivorous bird species often track the phenology of vegetation greenness during spring migration. Phenological synchronization with vegetation greenness by migratory birds in other dietary guilds, across the full extent of their annual distributions during both spring and autumn migration, has not been explored.</p> <p>2. Here, we document population-level associations with a remotely sensed measure of vegetation greenness for 230 North American migratory bird species in seven dietary guilds across the full annual cycle using eBird occurrence information for the combined period 2006-2018.</p> <p>3. Evidence of phenological synchronization was strongest for omnivores, herbivores, herbivore-granivores, and granivores during spring and autumn migration, except for omnivores in the west during spring migration. Strong evidence of synchronization was also observed for insectivores during spring migration and carnivores during spring and autumn migration that migrated across the entire breadth of the continent. The level of evidence declined for insectivores in the west and east during spring migration, and for nectarivores in the west during spring and autumn migration. Limited evidence was also found for insectivores in the east during autumn migration, insectivores in the west and the center of the continent during spring and autumn migration, and carnivores in the west during spring migration. Carnivores in the west during autumn migration showed the weakest evidence of synchronization.</p> <p>4. We found broad support across an array of dietary guilds for phenological coupling between vegetation greenness and seasonal bird migration within North America. Our results highlight the potential for many migratory bird species to encounter phenological mismatches as vegetation phenology responds to climate change. Our findings emphasize the need to better understand the environmental cues that regulate migratory behavior across dietary guilds, consumer levels, and migration tactics.</p>
Biotic predictors with phenological information improve range estimates for migrating monarch butterflies in Mexico
Although long-standing theory suggests that biotic variables are only relevant at local scales for explaining the patterns of species' distributions, recent studies have demonstrated improvements to species distribution models (SDMs) by incorporating predictor variables informed by biotic interactions. However, some key methodological questions remain, such as which kinds of interactions are permitted to include in these models, how to incorporate the effects of multiple interacting species, and how to account for interactions that may have a temporal dependence. We addressed these questions in an effort to model the distribution of the monarch butterfly (<i>Danaus plexippus</i> L. 1758) during its fall migration (September – November) through Mexico, a region with new monitoring data and uncertain range limits even for this well-studied insect. We estimated species richness of selected nectar plants (<i>Asclepias</i> spp.) and roosting trees (various highland species) for use as biotic variables in our models. To account for flowering phenology, we additionally estimated nectar plant richness of flowering species per month. We evaluated three types of models: climatic variables only (abiotic), plant richness estimates only (biotic), and combined (abiotic and biotic). We selected models with AICc and additionally determined if they performed better than random on spatially withheld data. We found that the combined models accounting for phenology performed best for all three months, and better than random for discriminatory ability but not omission rate. These combined models also produced the most ecologically realistic spatial patterns, but the modeled response for nectar plant richness matched ecological predictions for November only. These results represent the first model-based monarch distributional estimates for the Mexican migration route and should provide foundations for future conservation work. More generally, the study demonstrates the potential benefits of using SDM-derived richness estimates and phenological information for biotic factors affecting species distributions.
It's time to go - Drivers and plasticity of migration phenology in a short-distance migratory ungulate
<p>Files provided in the repository consist of two dataframes (.Rdata format) and two scripts (.R format) to perform analyses and making figures presented in the paper: "Drivers and plasticity of migration phenology in a short-distance migratory ungulate, the Alpine ibex Capra ibex" </p> <p>Abstract: </p> <p><span>Recurring events like migrations are an important part of the biological cycles of species. Understanding the factors influencing the timing of such events is crucial for determining how species face the pervasive consequences of climate change in highly seasonal environments. Relying on data from 406 GPS-collared Alpine ibex </span><span>Capra ibex</span><span> monitored across 17 populations, we investigated the environmental and individual drivers of short-distance migration in this emblematic mountain ungulate. Notably, we assessed how variations in the onset of spring and autumn affected the timing of migration and the extent to which ibex exhibited behavioral plasticity in their response. We found that vegetation phenology, including spring growth and autumn senescence, along with snow dynamics - snowmelt in spring, first snowfall in autumn - were the main drivers of the timing of migration.</span></p> <p><span>In spring, ibex migration timing was synchronized with the peak of vegetation growth, but more in males than in females. Specifically, a shift of 10 days in vegetation growth peak delayed migration by 6.4 days for males and 2.7 days for females. This led to increased differences in migration timing between sexes when the vegetation growth peak occurred early or late in the season. In addition, ibex delayed migration timing when the length of growing season was longer and when the date of snowmelt on ibex summer range occurred later. Similarly, in autumn, prolonged vegetation senescence and delayed first snowfall led to later migration.</span></p> <p><span>Overall, most of the response to inter-annual variations in vegetation and snow phenology could be explained by individual behavioral plasticity. Nonetheless, females appear to be less plastic than males in their timing of spring migration, likely due to the parturition period following migration forcing them to trade off foraging needs with predation risk. As the identified drivers of ibex migration are known to be and will continue to be largely impacted by climate change, the capacity of ibex to respond to such rapid changes could differ between sexes. </span></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.