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181 results for “minnows”
Data from: Impacts of weathered microplastic ingestion on gastrointestinal microbial communities and health endpoints in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)
<p>Microplastics are a ubiquitous presence in the world's aquatic environments and their threat to aquatic biota is poorly understood, especially in freshwater ecosystems. In the environment, microbial biofilms can form on the surface of microplastics, and these plastics have the potential to adsorb harmful toxins. Because lab-based studies on microplastics are often conducted with clean polymers, in ecologically unrealistic conditions and concentrations, the impact of these weathered microplastics on aquatic organisms in ecologically realistic conditions is still unclear. To help address the need for ecologically relevant microplastic exposure data, we incubated 500 μm polyethylene microplastic beads in Muskegon Lake, Michigan, USA and used them to conduct a 28-day ingestion study with male and female fathead minnows (<em>Pimephales promelas</em>). We examined the effects of microplastic ingestion on the fish gut microbial community along with hepatic gene expression and health parameters. We found that microplastic ingestion had statistically significant impacts on growth in male fathead minnows. Microplastic treatment did not significantly alter the beta diversity of the gut microbial community for either males or females, but there were clear differences between sexes and over time, indicating that these factors may outweigh the impacts of microplastic ingestion on beta diversity in the gut. The expression of immune response genes was not altered in males. It did, however, cause some changes to alpha diversity metrics in both sexes and there were several differentially abundant taxa among treatments. These data suggest that microplastic ingestion has health effects, but these effects may be sex specific across certain species and they are likely not being solely driven by changes in gut microbial communities.</p>
Figure 1. P in Psilorhynchus magnaoculus, a new species of torrent minnow (Teleostei: Psilorhynchidae) from Myanmar
Figure 1. P. magnaoculus sp. nov., holotype, ZSI FF 8211, 47.5 mm SL; a. dorsal b. lateral c. ventral view.
Fig. 7 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 7. Coronal histological section of the anterior head region of a Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. infected fathead minnow. Approximately 8 myxospore-filled plasmodia are located between the two optic lobes in the anterior-dorsal region of the head cavity. Plasmodia demarcated from adjacent host tissue by a thin fibrocytic membrane that also encircles Ornithodiplostomum ptychocheilus metacercariae. 100X magnification. Op = Ornithodiplostomum ptychocheilus metacercariae, Olb: Optic lobe of the minnow brain, Ps: Plasmodia of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. Inset demonstrates distribution of numerous stained and unstained myxospores located within plasmodia.
Fig. 8 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 8. Size-frequency distributions of fathead minnows collected from two wetlands in southern Alberta. The left-hand triplet of graphs (A, B, C) indicates size distributions of the 2020 cohort of fathead minnows assessed in Sept. 2020, June 2021, and Sept. 2021 at McQuillan Reservoir. The right-hand triplet (D, E, F) indicates size distributions assessed at the same times for Coalhurst Stormwater Pond. Dark bars indicate minnows with M. rasmusseni n. sp. lesions.
Fig. 6 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 6. Coronal histological section through the dorsal head region along the frontal plane of a fathead minnow that contained multiple, various-sized plasmodia of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. 1.25X magnification. Rt - Retina of the eye, Ps - Plasmodia, Br - Brain, Ls - Lens of the eye, Ns - Nares, Of – Opercular flap.
Fig. 5 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 5. Phylogenetic tree produced by Bayesian analysis of aligned partial 18S rDNA gene sequences of M. rasmusseni n. sp. and other Myxobolus spp. infecting cyprinid fishes in Canada, Europe, and Asia. The tree is rooted with Ceratonova shasta (AF001579.1). Nodes are denoted with bootstrap probabilities generated by Bayesian analyses. Species in taxa in groups I-III are highlighted in the pairwise percent identity matrix in Supplementary Table 1.
Fig. 4 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 4. Transmission electron micrographs of plasmodia that contain M. rasmusseni n. sp. myxospores. Sections are from lesioned tissue (see inset in A) located in the circumorbital cavity of a fathead minnow. A. Side-on view of a couplet of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. myxospores at 2500X magnification. Sp - Sporoplasm, Iv - Iodinophilous vacuole, Pc - Polar capsule, Pf - Polar filament; Black arrowheads indicate nuclei, orange arrowheads indicate sutural ridge along the midline of myxospore; blue arrowheads indicate posterior projections on the myxospore. B. Myxospores sectioned in various orientations with adjacent rodlet cells at 2000X magnification. Rc - Rodlet cell, Ms: myxospore.
Fig. 1 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 1. Disfiguring lesions on the heads of 1-yr old fathead minnows infected with Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. Minnows were live-trapped from University Pond, Lethbridge, Ab in summer, 2022, placed into a single aquarium in the laboratory, then photographed with a digital camera. A) Unilateral exopthalmia of the right eye. B) Bilateral exopthalmia with additional lesions on dorsal surface of circumorbital cavity and on surface of left nares. C) Asymmetric exopthalmia of the left dorsal circumorbital cavity; hemorrhage within left vitreous humour, D) Severe hemorrhage of the right eye. E) Pathology of the epidermis of the left posterior circumorbital cavity and surface of left operculum.
Fig. 3. A in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 3. A. Myxospores of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. prepared from a wet mount of a plasmodia-packed lesion located in the circumorbital cavity of an infected fathead minnow. A. Myxospores imaged with differential interference contrast microscope. Thin mucus coat envelopes posterior two thirds of myxospores. B. Composite line drawing of a Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. myxospore; PC – polar capsule; PF – polar filament; MC – mucus coat; SP – sporoplasm; IV – iodinophilous vacuole; N – nucleus.
Fig. 2 in Description, life cycle, and development of the myxozoan Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. in fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas: A possible emerging pathogen in southern Alberta, Canada
Fig. 2. In situ image of a school of surfacing 1-yr old fathead minnows in University Pond, Lethbridge, Ab. Each minnow has bilateral or unilateral exopthalmia associated with infection of myxospore-containing plasmodia of Myxobolus rasmusseni n. sp. Note additional large, whitish lesions located on the anterior epidermal surface of some minnows.
Data from: Impacts of weathered microplastic ingestion on gastrointestinal microbial communities and health endpoints in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Spatial sorting caused by downstream dispersal: Implication for morphological evolution in isolated populations of fat minnow inhabiting small streams flowing through terraced rice paddies
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Cortese et al. 2024. The effect of metabolism on cognitive performance varies with task complexity in common minnows Phoxinus phoxinus
<p>These datasets have been used to produce the figures and results of the manuscript entitled "The effect of metabolism on cognitive performance varies with task complexity in common minnows <em>Phoxinus phoxinus</em>" by Cortese D, Munson A, Storm Z, Jones NAR and Killen SS (2024).</p>
Long-term minnow community data from the Bayou Pierre, Mississippi
<p>Long-term community monitoring is becoming an important tool for ecological studies. Historical data are present in a variety of sources but often require considerable effort to extract, filter, and verify prior to analyses. In this dataset we document minnow (sensu lato, Cyprinidae + Leuciscidae) communities in the Bayou Pierre, Mississippi. We include filtered community data from twelve localities and three time periods (1974-75, 1985-89, 2019-20) derived from a mixture of literature, museum collections, and contemporary collecting efforts. All collections were made using comparable methodologies. We also include an additional 29 contemporary collections which do not have historical representation but which cover the majority of the watershed. We further include a trait database coded from literature values which captures both reproductive and ecological traits for the species in these data. These data were used in preparation of a manuscript examining long-term taxonomic, ecological, and functional change within the minnows in the Bayou Pierre, and they are part of a broader research effort to study the effects of fluvial geomorphic evolution on aquatic ecosystems.</p>
Introgressive hybridization erodes morphological divergence between lentic and lotic habitats in an endangered minnow
<p>Introgressive hybridization may erode phenotypic divergence along environmental gradients, collapsing locally adapted populations into a hybrid swarm. Alternatively, introgression may promote phenotypic divergence by providing variation on which natural selection can act. In freshwater fishes, water flow often selects for divergent morphological traits in lake versus stream habitats. We tested the effects of introgression on lake-stream morphological divergence in the minnow Owens Tui Chub (<em>Siphateles</em> <em>bicolor</em> <em>snyderi</em>), which has been rendered endangered by introgression from the introduced Lahontan Tui Chub (<em>Siphateles</em> <em>bicolor</em> <em>obesa</em>). Using geometric morphometric analysis of 457 individual Tui Chub from thirteen populations, we found that both the native and introgressing parent taxa exhibited divergent body and caudal fin shapes in lake vs. stream habitats, but their trajectories of divergence were distinct. In contrast, introgressed populations exhibited intermediate body and caudal fin shapes that were not differentiated by habitat type, indicating that introgression has eroded phenotypic divergence along the lentic-lotic gradient throughout the historic range of the Owens Tui Chub. Individuals within hybrid populations were less morphologically variable than those within parent populations, suggesting hybrid adaptation to selective agents other than water flow or loss of variance by drift.</p>
Data from: Microplastic exposure is associated with epigenomic effects in the model organism Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow)
<p>Microplastics have evolutionary and ecological impacts across species, affecting organisms' development, reproduction, and behavior along with contributing to genotoxicity and stress. As plastic pollution is increasing and ubiquitous, gaining a better understanding of organismal responses to microplastics is necessary. Gene methylation is a heritable form of molecular regulation that is influenced by environmental conditions, including exposure to pollutants, therefore determining epigenetic responses to microplastics will reveal potential chronic consequences of this pollutant. We performed an experiment across two generations of fathead minnows (<em>Pimephales promelas</em>) to elucidate transgenerational effects of microplastic exposure. We exposed the first generation of fish to four different treatments of microplastics: two concentrations of each of pre-consumer polyethylene (PE) and PE collected from Lake Ontario. We then raised the second generation from these parents with no microplastic exposure. We used reduced-representation methylation sequencing on adult liver tissue and homogenized larvae to evaluate DNA methylation differences among treatments, sexes, and generations. Our findings show the origin of the plastic had a larger effect in female minnows whereas the effect of concentration was stronger in the males. We also observed transgenerational effects, highlighting a mechanism in which parents can pass on the effects of microplastic exposure to their offspring. Many of the differentially methylated genes found in our analyses are known to interact with estrogenic chemicals associated with plastic and are related to metabolism. This study highlights the persistent and potentially serious impacts of microplastic pollution on gene regulation in freshwater systems.</p>
Physiological parameters for four fish species (rainbow trout, zebra fish, fathead minnow and three-spined stickleback) as the basis for the development of generic physiologically-based kinetic models
<p>This excel file (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1414332) provides physiological parameters and their inter-individual variability (mean, coefficient of variation, sample size) for four fish species: rainbow trout (<em>Onchorhynchus mykiss</em>), zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>), fathead minnow (<em>Pimephales promelas</em>), and three-spined stickleback (<em>Gasterosteus aculeatus</em>). These physiological parameters were estimated based on the results of extensive literature searches and specific experimental data described in Grech et al., (2018). </p> <p>This file is associated with R codes (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1414332) for generic PB-K models, partition coefficient Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) models for each fish species and parameterisation of model for males and females of each species separately.</p> <p>The full data collection and implementation of the models using case studies are described in Grech et al., 2018 (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.163">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.163</a>)</p>
GFA file and fasta files with read length 100 for Minnow
<p>de-Bruijn GFA file with read length 100 along with the reference transcript (produced by TwoPaCo) for both mouse and human. </p>
Figure 3 in Psilorhynchus magnaoculus, a new species of torrent minnow (Teleostei: Psilorhynchidae) from Myanmar
Figure 3. Map showing the type locality of P. magnaoculus sp. nov. (▲).
Figure 2 in Psilorhynchus magnaoculus, a new species of torrent minnow (Teleostei: Psilorhynchidae) from Myanmar
Figure 2. Radiograph of P. magnaoculus sp. nov.
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