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Fig. 3 in Epidemiology and molecular phylogeny of Babesia sp. in Little Penguins Eudyptula minor in Australia

Fig. 3. Agarose gel electrophoresis of amplification products obtained through nested PCR tests targeting the 18S rRNA gene of Babesia (primers Bab5.1/BabB followed by RLBF/RLBR) or the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of Haemoproteus/Plasmodium (primers HaemNFI/HaemNR3 followed by HaemF/HaemR2). The following samples are represented: (a) captive-born little penguin chick, negative blood smear; (b) adult wild little penguin, negative blood smear; (c) Babesia-infected adult wild little penguin, as confirmed through blood smear; (d) Haemoproteus-infected adult tropical screech owl, as confirmed through blood smear; (e) Plasmodium-inoculated chicken, raised in arthropod-free environment; (f) blood parasite-free chicken, raised in arthropodfree environment.

Fig. 1 in Epidemiology and molecular phylogeny of Babesia sp. in Little Penguins Eudyptula minor in Australia

Fig. 1. Geographic distribution of sampling locations, southeast Australia. Site details are given in Table 1. The geographic distribution of little penguins (black area) is shown in the top right map (adapted from Marchant and Higgins, 1990).

Fig. 4 in Epidemiology and molecular phylogeny of Babesia sp. in Little Penguins Eudyptula minor in Australia

Fig. 4. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of the 18S rRNA gene of the studied Babesia lineages. Lineages identified in this study are emphasized in red, and other avianinfecting lineages are emphasized in blue. For each lineage, the following information is provided: morphospecies (Genbank ascension number) host species. For avianinfecting lineages, the geographic location is also provided. Branch lengths are drawn proportionally to evolutionary distance (scale bar is shown). For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.

Fig. 2 in Epidemiology and molecular phylogeny of Babesia sp. in Little Penguins Eudyptula minor in Australia

Fig. 2. Babesia sp. in the blood smear of a little penguin. Individual details: TAS- 124, male, adult, moulting, sampled at "Darlington Foreshore" (Maria Island, Tasmania) in 21/02/2013, Genbank ascension number KP144323, Giemsa stain.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2017View details →

Fig. 1 in Molecular epidemiology and pathology of spirorchiid infection in green sea turtles (Chelonia mydas)

Fig. 1. Lesions associated with spirorchiid blood flukes in Chelonia mydas. a) Mild (score = 1) granulomatous lesions (G) and lymphocytic inflammation within the cerebral meninges of an adult green turtle, centred on a brown-shelled fluke ovum. HE stain, scale bar = 125 Mm b) Moderate (score = 3) granulomatous lesions (G) and lymphocytic inflammation within the cerebral meninges of an adult green turtle, centred on several brown-shelled fluke ova. HE stain, scale bar = 350 Mm c) Severe (score = 5) granulomatous lesions (G) and lymphocytic inflammation within the meninges of a small immature green turtle, centred on multiple numerous fluke ova. HE stain, scale bar = 350 Mm d) Severe (score = 5) granulomatous lesion (G) with necrotic centre protruding into the lumen of the aorta of an adult green turtle, with dense lymphocytic inflammation in surrounding tissues. Numerous adult flukes (Hapalotrema pambanensis) were recovered from the heart and major vessels. HE stain, scale bar = 1.7 mm. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2013View details →

Fig. 2 in Molecular epidemiology of Theileria equi in horses and their association with possible tick vectors in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Fig. 2 Real-time polymerase chain reaction analytical sensitivity, showing the amplification curves of plasmid DNA, containing the Theileria equi 18S rRNA gene (∼1,600 bp), in serial dilutions (3–30,000 copies)

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2013View details →

Fig. 1 in Molecular epidemiology of Theileria equi in horses and their association with possible tick vectors in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Fig. 1 Standard curve plotted from serial decimal dilutions of plasmid DNA, containing the Theileria equi 18S rRNA gene (∼1,600 bp). The quantification cycle (Cq) value obtained by real-time polymerase chain reaction using Taqman system was plotted as a function of the initial number of plasmid copies

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2019View details →

Molecular Epidemiology of Trypanosomatids and Trypanosoma cruzi in Primates from Peru

Resultados de laboratorio para el diagnóstico de tripanosomatidos y Tripanosoma cruzi en primates Neotropicales en cautiverio y vida libre en Peru. El diagnostico se realizó mediante microscopia directa y PCR. Los resultados y metodología empleada fueron publicados en Aysanoa, E., Mayor, P., Mendoza, A.P. et al. EcoHealth (2017) 14: 732. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1271-8

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Fig. 4 in Cystic echinococcosis in wild boars (Sus scrofa) from southern Italy: Epidemiological survey and molecular characterization

Fig. 4. Distribution of the 93 positive wild boars in the study area and details of prevalence, provinces, regional and national parks.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Fig. 1 in Molecular identification and epidemiological data of Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) larvae from Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru

Fig. 1. Scanning electron micrographs of Anisakis type I and II.1a and 2a. Cephalic end. Detail of the structures: oral cavity (oc), tooth (t), excretory pore (ep), subventral lip bulge (s). 1b. caudal end of Anisakis pegreffii. 2b. caudal end of Anisakis physeteris. Detail of the structures: anal pore (ap), mucron (m).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Fig. 2 in Molecular identification and epidemiological data of Anisakis spp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) larvae from Southeastern Pacific Ocean off Peru

Fig. 2. Phylogenetic tree based on mtDNA cox2 gene sequences exploring the relationships among Anisakis species. The relationship was drawn using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Posterior probability value (first) and nodal support is shown as bootstrap value (second) on the basis of 10 million generations for BI and 1000 replicates (only bootstrap values greater than 80% are shown) for ML, respectively. Scale bar indicate nucleotide substitutions per site. GenBank accession numbers are shown in parentheses. Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum was used as an outgroup.

Fig. 2 in Molecular and epidemiological surveillance of Plasmodium spp. during a mortality event affecting Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) at a zoo in the UK

Fig. 2. Histopathology associated with mortality of a Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) infected with Plasmodium sp. Penguin paraffinembedded heart tissue section (5 μm) stained with haematoxylin and eosin a. Four sites of chromogenic in situ hybridization with a Plasmodium-specific probe occurred in what appeared to be cardiac macrophages. Magnification: x10. b. Same Penguin heart tissue sections inspected under light microscopy. Magnification: x100. Exoerythrocytic meronts are seen breaking out of a cardiac macrophage (ellipse).

Fig. 3 in Molecular and epidemiological surveillance of Plasmodium spp. during a mortality event affecting Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) at a zoo in the UK

Fig. 3. Temporal distribution of mosquito and Plasmodium spp. prevalence at Chester Zoo between May and November 2017. Continuous top line: total number of mosquitoes collected on a weekly basis; Continuous bottom line: total number of Plasmodium infections; Dashed line: parasite prevalence estimated as a proportion of infected mosquitoes of the total captured on a weekly basis.

Fig. 1 in Molecular and epidemiological surveillance of Plasmodium spp. during a mortality event affecting Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) at a zoo in the UK

Fig. 1. Mosquito abundance and Plasmodium prevalence compared at ten sampling sites across Chester Zoo. The Chester Zoo site (zoo perimeter is outlined) overlaid with a heat map of total mosquito numbers trapped at 10 sampling sites. Locations of traps are indicated by numbers 1–7, 10–12 inclusive. The location of the penguin exhibit in 2017 is indicated by a penguin symbol. a. Mosquito abundance. b. Plasmodium prevalence in trapped mosquitoes. Heat maps were generated using Heatmapper with a Gaussian radius multiplier of 1.

Fig. 4 in Molecular and epidemiological surveillance of Plasmodium spp. during a mortality event affecting Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) at a zoo in the UK

Fig. 4. Maximum likelihood phylogeny of Plasmodium spp. cytb sequences. The phylogeny was estimated from a 378bp multiple sequence alignment using a GTR+Γ+І model (α = 0.488; proportion of invariant sites = 0.248). The tree is rooted with an outgroup of Leucocytozoon sequences (boxed). Node accuracy is indicated by an SH-like log-Likelihood ratio metric; bootstrap values greater than 0.5 are displayed in the tree. Novel sequences obtained in this study are shaded with their corresponding reference sequence; P. matutinum (MK443241), P. vaughani (MK652243) and P. relictum (JN164731). The clusters contain sequences derived from penguins, mosquitoes or wild birds, which is indicated by a penguin, mosquito or a bird symbol. One wild bird sequence is present in the P. matutinum cluster (OM912814); and three (MW814062, MW814149, MW814045), two (MW814453, MW814028) and two (MW814503, MW814500) mosquito sequences are present in the P. matutinum, P vaughani and P. relictum clusters respectively. The rest of the sequences in those clusters correspond to 23 novel sequences from penguins infected in the UK, indicating their origin (CZ: Chester Zoo, LZ: London Zoo, PZ: Paignton Zoo, BZ: Blackpool Zoo, CWP: Cotswold Wildlife Park) and year of sampling, if not 2017. Other shade sequences correspond to recognized morphospecies. P. vaughani cluster represents 145 novel sequences, P. matutinum cluster represents 345 novel sequences and P. relictum clusters represents 31 novel sequences. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)