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131 results for “molting”
Fall advances in the timing of molt in birds in the southwestern United States
<p><span>Molt is a critical event in the annual cycle of birds. Although we know an increasing amount about the impacts of climate change on the timing of other avian events</span><span>, there has been relatively limited work conducted on changes in molt phenology over time. In this study, we utilized a thirteen-year bird banding dataset from southeastern Utah to examine long-term trends in the molt timing of body and flight feathers during both the spring and fall migratory seasons, accounting for temporal trends in non-molting birds and how trends may vary between different sexes and ages of birds. We found that there were no significant temporal trends in molt timing in the spring but there were significant trends in the fall, such that birds were advancing the timing of their body and flight feather molt over time. Finally, we highlight the significant influence of climate on molt phenology: El Niño/Southern Oscillation and maximum temperature were both associated with advances in spring body molt, maximum temperature was associated with delays in fall flight feather molt timing, and precipitation was associated with advances in both fall body and flight feather molt timing. This study provides the first examination of long-term trends in the molt phenology of North American birds, showing that, over the past decade, birds in the western United States are advancing their feather molt timing in the fall at a rate of roughly 1 day/year.</span></p>
Fig. 26. Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876, ten carapace molts shed between 9 Mar. 2018–1 Jun. 2020 in Lycosa Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Lycosidae) of Israel, with a note on Geolycosa Montgomery, 1904
Fig. 26. Lycosa piochardi Simon, 1876, ten carapace molts shed between 9 Mar. 2018–1 Jun. 2020, by a single specimen (HUJ INV-AR20813) in laboratory conditions. Scale bar = 10 mm. Photo by I. Armiach Steinpress.
FIGURE 12. A in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 12. A - Doerflesia ornata Feldmann and Schweitzer, 2009, carapace (NHMW 2007z0149/0015); B - Tenuihomola ortwini Feldmann and Schweitzer, 2009, lateral view (NHMW 2007z0149/0017); C - Tenuihomola ortwini, carapace (NHMW 2007z0149/0017). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 11. A in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 11. A - probable molting line (dashed line) of Jurassic Homolodromioidea exemplified by Tanidromites montreuilensis; B - molting lines of the Jurassic homoloid Laeviprosopon laeve; C - molting lines in Cretaceous Homoloidea exemplified by Homolopsis edwardsii (Bell, 1863).
FIGURE 6. Laeviprosopon fraasi A - NHMW 1990 in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 6. Laeviprosopon fraasi A - NHMW 1990/0041/3295, Ernstbrunn; B - NHMW 1990/0041/4051, Ernstbrunn; C - holotype, BSP AS III 309, Štramberk; D - NHMW 1990/0041/3295; E - NHM W1990/0041/4051; F - holotype, BSP AS III 309. Orbital margin marked with an arrow. lh – linea homolica. Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 5 in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 5. Laeviprosopon laeve, specimens interpreted as molts with molting lines similar to linea homolica A - SMNS 70527/3 (Oberböhringen); B - SMNS 70527/4 (Oberböhringen); C - I-F/MP/6275/1599/12 (Niegowonice); D - SMNS 70527/1 (Oberböhringen); E - SMNS 70527/2; F - right lateral view, NHMW 1990/0041/4915 (Ernstbrunn); G - left lateral view, SMNS 70527/6 (Oberböhringen); H - left lateral view, SMNS 70527/11 (Oberböhringen) lateral sides of the carapace with no signs of the molting lines. Scale bars equal 5.0 mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 1. Stratigraphic range of the species herein considered within Laeviprosopon with schematic drawings of all the species.
FIGURE 8. Laeviprosopon lanceatum n in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 8. Laeviprosopon lanceatum n. sp. A, B - left lateral view (A) I-F/MP/342/1497/08, paratype, Niegowonice; (B) I-F/MP/736/1502/08, holotype, Ogrodzieniec); C - carapace with the orbital margin visible (I-F/MP/736/1502/08); D - carapace (I-F/MP/736/1502/08); E - carapace with the orbital margin visible (I-F/MP/342/1497/08); F - carapace (I-F/ MP/736/1502/08); G - oblique view (I-F/MP/736/1502/08). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 2 in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 2. Studied areas: 1 – five Oxfordian localities in southern Polish Uplands (Poland); 2 – late Kimmeridgian locality of Oberböhringen (Germany); 3 – Tithonian locality of Ernstbrunn (Austria); 4 – Tithonian - early Berriasian locality of Štramberk (Czech Republic).
FIGURE 4. Laeviprosopon laeve. A in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 4. Laeviprosopon laeve. A - anterior left part of the carapace with granules visible (I-F/MP/3663/1533/08, Bzów); B - rostrum, bases of the spines marked with black arrows (NHMW 2007z0149/0022, Ernstbrunn); C - rostrum, bases of the spines marked with black arrows (SMNS 70527/8, Oberböhringen); D - suborbital spine (IGPUW C/1/ 128, Rudniki), E - carapace (I-F/MP/3914/1533/08, Bzów); F - mesogastric region with symmetric tubercles visible (IF/MP/6275/1599/12, Niegowonice); G - left lateral view (I-F/MP/3914/1533/08); H - suborbital spine marked with black arrow (SMNS 70527/5, Oberböhringen). mt – mesogastric tubercles, mgt – mesogastric groove tubercles. Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 10. A in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 10. A - Laeviprosopon punctatum, carapace (holotype, BSP AS III 307); B - Laeviprosopon punctatum, oblique lateral view (holotype, BSP AS III 307); C - Laeviprosopon laculatum (holotype, NHMW 1990/0041/4221). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 7. Laeviprosopon ewakrzeminskae n in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 7. Laeviprosopon ewakrzeminskae n. sp. A - carapace (NHMW 1990/0041/5179, paratype, Ernstbrunn); B - carapace, rostrum marked by an arrow (NHMW 2014/0194/0978, paratype, Ernstbrunn); C - carapace, spines on the epibranchial region marked by an arrow (NHMW 1990/0041/2744a, holotype, Ernstbrunn); D - lateral right view (NHMW 1990/0041/2744a); E - lateral right view (NHMW 1990/0041/2744a). ht – hepatic tubercle. Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
FIGURE 9. Laeviprosopon joecollinsi n in A new approach to the systematics of Laeviprosopon (Brachyura: Homolidae), with remarks on the molting process of early brachyurans
FIGURE 9. Laeviprosopon joecollinsi n. sp. A - carapace (paratype, UF272115, Szklary); B - carapace (I-F/MP/ 30381532/08, Niegowonice) gp – gastric pits; C - lateral left view (paratype, UF272115) groove parallel to the branchio-cardiac groove; D - carapace (I-F/MP/741/1502/08, paratype, Ogrodzieniec) groove parallel to the branchio-cardiac groove; E - carapace (I-F/MP/6264/1599/12, holotype, Niegowonice); F - anterior view (paratype, UF272115); G - lateral right view (I-F/MP/741/1502/08); H - carapace (paratype, UF272119, Szklary). Scale bars equal 1.0 mm.
Fig. 1 in Ultrastructure and development of the new stylets inside pre-molting first instar nymphs of the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)
Fig. 1. Transmission electron micrographs of thin sections in the cuticle and new and old stylets of a pre-molting 1st instar nymph of D. citri. A. Old (oc) and new (nc) layers of the cuticle, with minor (arrow) and major (double arrows) folds in the new cuticle; note the exuvial space (es) between the new and old cuticle, and the epidermal cells (ec) with large nuclei (nu) and nucleoli (ne). B. The old (functional) stylets; note the larger food canal (fc) and a narrower salivary canal (sc) between the 2 interlocked maxillary stylets (mx1, mx2), and a mandibular stylet (md) with 2 dendrites in its central canal (cc); the other mandibular stylet has sprung out (during processing) and is not included in this section. C & D. Two masses of hypodermal cells (hc1, hc2) with large nuclei, and hypodermal cell extensions (hce) that end with developing mandibular (md) and maxillary (mx) stylets on each side. Note that around hc1, 2 sections of each of the (coiled) mandibular and maxillary stylets are shown, but around hc2 only one section of the mandibular stylet can be seen (the rest of the stylet sections are outside the frame of this image). E. Higher magnification of 2 sections in a developing (coiled) mandibular stylet (md1, md2) and a developing (coiled) maxillary stylet (mx1, mx2); fc, part of the food canal; hce, hypodermal cell extension with a large nucleus (nu); sc, part of the salivary canal; inset shows details of the cuticular molding structure (cm).
Рис. 11. Àинамика отΛовов взросΛых (a) и моΛоΔых (b) птиц на разΛичных стаΔиях посΛебрачной и постювенаΛьной Λиньки в окрестностях пос. Гайворон в 2004–2005 гг. Fig. 11. Dynamics of catching of adult birds (a) and juvenile birds (b) at different stages of postbreeding and postjuvenile molting in the vicinity of the Gaivoron village in 2004–2005 in in the Ussuri region
Рис. 11. Àинамика отΛовов взросΛых (a) и моΛоΔых (b) птиц на разΛичных стаΔиях посΛебрачной и постювенаΛьной Λиньки в окрестностях пос. Гайворон в 2004–2005 гг. Fig. 11. Dynamics of catching of adult birds (a) and juvenile birds (b) at different stages of postbreeding and postjuvenile molting in the vicinity of the Gaivoron village in 2004–2005
Рис. 1. Схема точек отбора проб на ООПТ в бассейне Амура Fig. 1. Map of sampling points at the protected areas in the Amur River Basin in Molting feathers and eggshells in monitoring rare bird species populations: Evidence from special protected natural territories
Рис. 1. Схема точек отбора проб на ООПТ в бассейне Амура Fig. 1. Map of sampling points at the protected areas in the Amur River Basin
Рис. 3. Соотношение концентраций биогенных микроэΛементов в очинах перьев (а) и скорΛупе яиц аистов (b), мг/кг Fig. 3. Concentratiom ratio of biogenic trace elements in the edges of feathers (a) and eggshells (b) of storks, mg/kg in Molting feathers and eggshells in monitoring rare bird species populations: Evidence from special protected natural territories
Рис. 3. Соотношение концентраций биогенных микроэΛементов в очинах перьев (а) и скорΛупе яиц аистов (b), мг/кг Fig. 3. Concentratiom ratio of biogenic trace elements in the edges of feathers (a) and eggshells (b) of storks, mg/kg
Figure 2 in Onset and duration of gray seal (Halichoerus grypus) molt in the Wadden Sea, and the role of environmental conditions
Figure 2. To aid interpretation of the data, this figure presents a progression of data processing in a simulation. (A) Observations of potential absolute seal numbers on a sandbank against day of the year, using assumptions described in the text. (B) The relative proportions (prop.) of seals in each molt phase changes over time. (C) The proportion of seals in pre-visible-molt (light blue) decreases over time and the proportion in post-molt increases, the seals in early- and late-molt (green lines) peak at certain times. (D) Over time, the numbers of seals on the sandbanks that are in each visible molt phase (i.e., excludes seals in pre- and post-molt), (E) Over time, the proportions of seals in visible molt that are in early- or late-molt. (F) The proportion of seals in visible molt that were in late-molt. Note that the change over time in this proportion is linear (the horizontal dashed line indicates 50% in each stage, which occurs in this simulation on day 105).
Figure 4 in Onset and duration of gray seal (Halichoerus grypus) molt in the Wadden Sea, and the role of environmental conditions
Figure 4. The proportion of wild gray seals (given an observation quality = 1) in different molt stages over time. The proportion in pre-visible-molt decreases and that in post-molt increases over time, while numbers in early- and late-molt peak during the molt period. Data are represented by the colored dots, the lines indicate the simulation of Fig. 2c.
Figure 6 in Onset and duration of gray seal (Halichoerus grypus) molt in the Wadden Sea, and the role of environmental conditions
Figure 6. Simulations of changes in the proportion of seals in visible molt that were in latemolt, compared to the base scenario (black). These figures show the effect of shorter (red) and longer visible (orange) molt durations (A); shorter early-molt (light green) or shorter late-molt (dark green) durations (B); changes in the day of onset of molt (C); changes in the variability between individuals (SD) (D); and changes in the haul-out percentage during early- and latemolt (E). The base scenario was derived from the parameters from captive seals identified in this study, i.e., visible molt commences on average on day 99, early-molt lasts 8.2 d and late-molt lasts 8.7 d. The standard deviation that defines the variability between individuals is 15 d. This base senario assumed that the haul-out behavior is the same during early- and late-molt.
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