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36 results for “montane rainforest”
canopy herbivory and leaf traits of tree communities in tropical montane rainforests of southern Ecuador
This dataset contains herbivory data estimated as leaf area loss [cm²] and [%] and several leaf traits measured either conventionally or via spectral sensing-based techniques from canopies of tree communities in tropical montane rainforests of the Andes in southern Ecuador between February and March in 2019. The data were used by Schön et al. (in prep) to evaluate whether leaf traits are valuable indicators of canopy herbivory mainly caused by arthropods and further, whether chemical leaf traits estimated via spectral sensing-based techniques have similar strong relations to herbivory as leaf traits measured conventionally. Herbivory was estimated with the software WinFOLIA ™ 2019a from scanned mature and sun-exposed leaves of tree canopies. Spectral sensing-based leaf traits comprising secondary plant metabolites and both structural and nutritional cell components were estimated from leaves with an OceanOptics spectrometer HDX. Conventionally measured leaf traits comprising morphological and nutritional traits were derived by applying both elemental and morphometrical analyses (e.g., ICP analysis, a digital micrometer and penetrometer). For detailed descriptions of the methodology see Schön et al. (in prep), Homeier et al. (2021), and Limberger et al. (2021). Research was conducted by the subprojects A1, B1, and B4 within the framework of the RESPECT project (Environmental changes in biodiversity hotspot ecosystems of South Ecuador: RESPonse and feedback effECTs) funded by the DFG with the grant numbers: BE1780/51-1, BE1780/51-2, Ho3296/6-1, FA 925/11-1, FA 925/11-2, FA 925/16-1, BR1293/17-1.
Predictive mapping of tree species assemblages in an African montane rainforest
<p>Conservation of mountain ecosystems can benefit from knowledge of habitats and their distribution patterns. This benefit is particularly true for diverse ecosystems with high conservation values such as the "Afromontane" rainforests. We mapped the vegetation of one such forest: the rugged Bwindi Impenetrable Forest, Uganda—a World Heritage Site known for its many restricted-range plants and animal taxa including several iconic species. Given variation in elevation, terrain and human impacts across Bwindi, we hypothesised that these factors influence the composition and distribution of tree species. To test this, detailed surveys were carried out using stratified random sampling. We established 289 georeferenced sample sites (each with 15 trees ≥20 cm dbh) ranging from 1,320 to 2,467 m a.s.l. and measured 4,335 trees comprising 89 species that occurred in four or more sample sites. These data were analysed against twenty-one digitally mapped biophysical variables using various analytical techniques including non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and random forests. We identified six tree species assemblages with distinct compositions. Among the biophysical variables, elevation had the strongest correlation with the ordination (r<sup>2</sup>=0.5; <em>p</em><0.001). The "out-of-bag" (OOB) estimate of the error rate for the best final model was 50.7% meaning that nearly half of the variation was accounted for using a limited set of variables. We demonstrate that it is possible to predict the spatial pattern of such a forest based on sampling across a highly complex landscape. Such methods offer accurate mapping of composition that can guide conservation.</p>
Indicative distribution map for Ecosystem Functional Group T1.3 Tropical/Subtropical montane rainforests
<p>This archive contains indicative distribution maps and profiles for <strong>T1.3 Tropical/Subtropical montane rainforests</strong>, a ecosystem functional group (EFG, level 3) of the <a href="https://global-ecosystems.org/">IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology</a> (v2.0). Please refer to Keith <em>et al.</em> (2020) for details.</p> <p>The descriptive profiles provide brief summaries of key ecological traits and processes, maps are indicative of global distribution patterns, and are not intended to represent fine-scale patterns. The maps show areas of the world containing major (value of 1, coloured red) or minor occurrences (value of 2, coloured yellow) of each ecosystem functional group. Minor occurrences are areas where an ecosystem functional group is scattered in patches within matrices of other ecosystem functional groups or where they occur in substantial areas, but only within a segment of a larger region. Given bounds of resolution and accuracy of source data, the maps should be used to query which EFG are likely to occur within areas, rather than which occur at particular point locations. Detailed methods and references for the maps are included in the profile (xml format).</p>
Predictive mapping of tree species assemblages in an African montane rainforest
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FIGURE 3 in A third species of the rare frog genus Holoaden (Terrarana, Strabomantidae) from a montane rainforest area of southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 3. Holoaden pholeter sp. nov., holotype (MNRJ 51475). Dorsal and lateral views of head; ventral views of hand and foot; scale bars represent 5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A third species of the rare frog genus Holoaden (Terrarana, Strabomantidae) from a montane rainforest area of southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 4. Distribution of the species of Holoaden. Holoaden pholeter sp. nov. (dot); H. luederwaldti (triangle); H. luerderwaldti and H. bradei (star); Holoaden sp. (square).
FIGURE 2 in A third species of the rare frog genus Holoaden (Terrarana, Strabomantidae) from a montane rainforest area of southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Holoaden pholeter sp. nov., holotype (MNRJ 51475, adult female, SVL 44.6 mm), dorsal and ventral views.
FIGURES 27–33 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 27–33 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov., male abdomen: 27, terga I–VI dorsal; 28, syntergite, dorsal; 29, sternum IX, ventral; 30, sternum VIII and pygidium, ventral; 31–33 aedeagus, 31, dorsal, 32, lateral, 33, ventral. Scale bar: 1.0 mm (27), 0.5 mm (28–30), 0.2 mm (31–33).
FIGURES 3–13 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 3–13 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov.: 4–7, male head overview, 3, dorsal; 4, ventral; 5, lateral; 6, frontal; 7, posterior; 8–9, mandible; 10, antenna; 11–13, frontal tentoria, detail, 11, frontal; 12, lateral; 13, dorsal. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (3–9), 2.0 mm (10), 0.5 mm (11–13).
FIGURES 21–26 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 21–26 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov., pterothorax and associated structures: 21, dorsal; 22, ventral; 23, lateral; 24, elytron ventral; 25, left wing; 26 pro, meso and metalegs (top-down). Scale bar: 1.0 mm (21–23), 2.0 mm (24–26).
FIGURES 1–2 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 1–2. Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov.: 1, male dorsal habitus; 2, ventral. Scale bar: 2.0 mm (1–2).
FIGURES 14–20 in A new tropical montane firefly genus and species, active during winter and endemic to the southeastern Atlantic Rainforest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)
FIGURES 14–20 Araucariocladus hiems sp. nov., prothorax: 14, pronotum dorsal; 15, ventral; 16, frontal; 17, posterior; 18, lateral; 19, prosternum dorsal, 20, ventral. Scale bar: 0.5 mm (14–20).
FIGURE 3 in Mikrischyrum musicum, a new katydid species from montane rainforest in southern Ecuador with complex pure-tone calling song (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Platyphyllini)
FIGURE 3. Calling song of Mikrischyrum musicum: A. oscillogram of complete pulse train (20°C, holotype, recording cbt-019s04r03), B. first group of four pulses of A in higher resolution (and photo of holotype staged at day), C. linear spectrogram, D. zero-crossing analysis of one pulse, E. field recording together with two other katydid species, the arrow points at first pulse of the M. musicum sequence (13°C, cbt019x01r01, 14 August 1998), F. spectrogram taken from this recording with the distinctive peak of the new species, G. spectrogram of an unknown katydid species, showing the M. musicum peak too, H. spectrogram of an undescribed species of Aemasia (also Platyphyllini, song known from collected males, Braun 2002: Figs. 6.2.4, 6.3.3), based on the second call right after the end of the M. musicum sequence.
FIGURE 2 in Mikrischyrum musicum, a new katydid species from montane rainforest in southern Ecuador with complex pure-tone calling song (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Platyphyllini)
FIGURE 2. Mikrischyrum musicum: A. male habitus, B. male subgenital plate in ventral view, C. male left cercus in dorsal view, D. male pronotum in dorsal view, E. ovipositor of female (pencil drawings done in October 2003, after holotype and a paratype).
FIGURE 1 in Mikrischyrum musicum, a new katydid species from montane rainforest in southern Ecuador with complex pure-tone calling song (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Pseudophyllinae: Platyphyllini)
FIGURE 1. Mikrischyrum musicum: A. male holotype in dorsal view, B. same in lateral view, C. female paratype to same scale as B (specimen cbt019s01).
Distribution. Endemic to Sumatra; it seems widely distributed from upper montane rainforest in W Sumatra to hillsides in E & S Sumatra. in Soricidae
Distribution. Endemic to Sumatra; it seems widely distributed from upper montane rainforest in W Sumatra to hillsides in E & S Sumatra.
Supplementary material 2 from: Scherz MD, Hawlitschek O, Razafindraibe JH, Megson S, Ratsoavina FM, Rakotoarison A, Bletz MC, Glaw1 F, Vences M (2018) A distinctive new frog species (Anura, Mantellidae) supports the biogeographic linkage of two montane rainforest massifs in northern Madagascar. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 247-261. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.21037
Advertisement call of Gephyromantis lomorina sp. n. : Explanation note: Call recording of Gephyromantis (Vatomantis) lomorina sp. n. ZSM 1549/2012 (FGZC 3714). Calls recorded at night on 30 November 2012 on the Sorata massif (creek near campsite, 13.6829°S, 49.4403°E, 1325 m a.s.l.), Sava Region, Antsiranana Province, northeastern Madagascar, by O. Hawlitschek. Ecological data not available. Air temperature and recording distance were not noted. Animal Sound Archive: https://doi.org/10.7479/nmx8-aq7v.
Supplementary material 1 from: Scherz MD, Hawlitschek O, Razafindraibe JH, Megson S, Ratsoavina FM, Rakotoarison A, Bletz MC, Glaw1 F, Vences M (2018) A distinctive new frog species (Anura, Mantellidae) supports the biogeographic linkage of two montane rainforest massifs in northern Madagascar. Zoosystematics and Evolution 94(2): 247-261. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.21037
Advertisement call of Gephyromantis lomorina sp. n. : Explanation note: Call recording of Gephyromantis (Vatomantis) lomorina sp. n. ZSM 419/2016 (ZCMV 15221). Calls recorded at 21h20 on 18 November 2016 near Camp Simpona (ca. 14.4366°S, ca. 49.7434°E, ca. 1325 m a.s.l.) in Marojejy National Park, Sava Region, Antsiranana Province, northeastern Madagascar, by M. D. Scherz. Frog was ca. 1 m above the ground on a fern near a small river, calling occasionally during light rain. Air temperature was not taken. Recording distance was 0.5 m. Animal Sound Archive: https://doi.org/10.7479/nmx8-aq7v.
The climatic drivers of long-term population changes in rainforest montane birds
<p>Climate-driven biodiversity erosion is escalating at an alarming rate. The pressure imposed by climate change is exceptionally high in tropical ecosystems, where species adapted to narrow environmental ranges exhibit strong physiological constraints. Despite the observed detrimental effect of climate change on ecosystems at a global scale, our understanding of the extent to which multiple climatic drivers affect population dynamics is limited. Here, we disentangle the impact of different climatic stressors on 47 rainforest birds inhabiting the mountains of the Australian Wet Tropics using hierarchical population models. We estimate the effect of spatiotemporal changes in temperature, precipitation, heatwaves, droughts, and cyclones on the population dynamics of rainforest birds between 2000–2016. We find a strong effect of warming and changes in rainfall patterns across the elevational-segregated bird communities, with lowland populations benefiting from increasing temperature and precipitation, while upland species show an inverse strong negative response to the same drivers. Additionally, we find a negative effect of heatwaves on lowland populations, a pattern associated with the observed distribution of these extreme events across elevations. In contrast, cyclones and droughts have a marginal effect on spatiotemporal changes in rainforest bird communities, suggesting a species-specific response unrelated to the elevational gradient. This study demonstrated the importance of unravelling the drivers of climate change impacts on population changes, providing significant insight into the mechanisms accelerating climate-induced biodiversity degradation.</p>
Data from: Genetic variation and risks of introgression in the wild Coffea arabica gene pool in south-western Ethiopian montane rainforests
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.