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Figure 9 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus

Figure 9. ELISA plate readings (O.D at 405nm) of leaf samples of transgenic lines (T1-T8) and control plants after 15 dpi.

Figure 7 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus

Figure 7. PCR Products of the hpt gene from T0 transgenic plants. Lane 1-9 are transgenic. Lane 10, +ve control. Lane 11, control (untransformed) plant.

Figure 6. DNA bands from T0 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus

Figure 6. DNA bands from T0 transgenic and Agro-infilterated plants. Lane 1-10, transgenic plants. Lane 11-13, agro-infilterated plants.

Figure 3 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus

Figure 3. Symptoms development on propagative host plants after mechanical inoculation with ChiVMV isolate ATIPK. (a) N. tabacum showing mosaic, mottling and vein clearing (b) C. annum (cv. Loungi) displays the symptoms of mottling, mosaic, leaf deformation and vein clearing.

Figure 2 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus

Figure 2. Symptoms of ChiVMV on chilli leaves collected from Islamabad. (a) Shows mottling and severe vein clearing and distortion. (b) Shows reduced leaf size with mottling and distortion.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Text-fig. 1. A. Location of the sites of Capo di Fiume, Palena and Pollenzo near Alba. B. Capo di Fiume stratigraphic section. Facies of coastal-transitional marine associations – a. Freshwater marsh and tidal creeks interval, b. Swamp interval, c1–c4. Facies of eustarine bay associations, d1–d6. Facies of open shelf marine associations. Symbols: "black star" – fossiliferous horizon with plant material studied here, 1. mottled grey to dark-brown marls and clayey marls, 2. fissile dark-grey marls and shaly marls, 3. limestones, 4. marly limestones and limey marls, 5. bio-lithoclastic calcarenites, 6. lime conglomerate, 7. massive muddy deposit produced by mass-flow mechanism, 8. diatomitic marls, 9. "terra rossa" soil (modified after Carnevale et al. 2011). in Feather Palm Foliage From The Messinian Of Italy (Capo Di Fiume, Palena And Pollenzo Near Alba) Within The Framework Of Northern Mediterranean Late Miocene Flora

Text-fig. 1. A. Location of the sites of Capo di Fiume, Palena and Pollenzo near Alba. B. Capo di Fiume stratigraphic section. Facies of coastal-transitional marine associations – a. Freshwater marsh and tidal creeks interval, b. Swamp interval, c1–c4. Facies of eustarine bay associations, d1–d6. Facies of open shelf marine associations. Symbols: "black star" – fossiliferous horizon with plant material studied here, 1. mottled grey to dark-brown marls and clayey marls, 2. fissile dark-grey marls and shaly marls, 3. limestones, 4. marly limestones and limey marls, 5. bio-lithoclastic calcarenites, 6. lime conglomerate, 7. massive muddy deposit produced by mass-flow mechanism, 8. diatomitic marls, 9. "terra rossa" soil (modified after Carnevale et al. 2011).

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Text-fig. 6. a. Vertical section showing part of body-chamber of a Cenoceras in the top of the Main Cenoceras Bed associated with attached oysters below and stringers of crinoid debris below and stretching laterally. Coin 23 mm in diameter. b. Complete lateral half of conch showing intact and elastically deformed septa on which rests crinoid debris that spreads across the exposed septa and onto the adjacent substrate. Conch approximately 180 mm in diameter. c. Individual showing dispersed crinoid and molluscan debris within body-chamber and septa in the crushed inner whorls that have taken a sparite cement prior to, and after having undergone brittle deformation. 160 mm in diameter. d. Vertically embedded specimen showing the loss of septa in the inner whorls that are infilled with matrix mottled by bioturbation. Tape measure provides scale. in 'Cenoceras Islands' In The Blue Lias Formation (Lower Jurassic) Of West Somerset, Uk: Nautilid Dominance And Influence On Benthic Faunas

Text-fig. 6. a. Vertical section showing part of body-chamber of a Cenoceras in the top of the Main Cenoceras Bed associated with attached oysters below and stringers of crinoid debris below and stretching laterally. Coin 23 mm in diameter. b. Complete lateral half of conch showing intact and elastically deformed septa on which rests crinoid debris that spreads across the exposed septa and onto the adjacent substrate. Conch approximately 180 mm in diameter. c. Individual showing dispersed crinoid and molluscan debris within body-chamber and septa in the crushed inner whorls that have taken a sparite cement prior to, and after having undergone brittle deformation. 160 mm in diameter. d. Vertically embedded specimen showing the loss of septa in the inner whorls that are infilled with matrix mottled by bioturbation. Tape measure provides scale.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2019View details →

Text-fig. 7. a. Worn section through a horizontally bedded body-chamber and phragmocone, body-chamber showing oyster attached to inside of aperture as well as burrow mottling. Tape measure provides scale. b. Body-chamber and crushed phragmocone with body-chamber and phragmocone entirely filled with bioturbated matrix containing stringers of crinoid and molluscan debris. Flank of phragmocone encrusted by oysters. Tape measure for scale. c. Complex of Thallassinoides and Diplocraterion burrows associated with conch that has been eroded out by wave action. A few 'Ghostly' fragments of ammonite are also present. Original scope of the image approximately 400 mm. c. Verically embedded conch with largely intact septa and camera infilled with burrowed matrix containing crinoid debris. Tape measure for scale. in 'Cenoceras Islands' In The Blue Lias Formation (Lower Jurassic) Of West Somerset, Uk: Nautilid Dominance And Influence On Benthic Faunas

Text-fig. 7. a. Worn section through a horizontally bedded body-chamber and phragmocone, body-chamber showing oyster attached to inside of aperture as well as burrow mottling. Tape measure provides scale. b. Body-chamber and crushed phragmocone with body-chamber and phragmocone entirely filled with bioturbated matrix containing stringers of crinoid and molluscan debris. Flank of phragmocone encrusted by oysters. Tape measure for scale. c. Complex of Thallassinoides and Diplocraterion burrows associated with conch that has been eroded out by wave action. A few 'Ghostly' fragments of ammonite are also present. Original scope of the image approximately 400 mm. c. Verically embedded conch with largely intact septa and camera infilled with burrowed matrix containing crinoid debris. Tape measure for scale.

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Age, growth and reproduction of mottled sculpin (cottus bairdi) in the Coweeta creek drainage from 1993 to 1998

We quantified: (1) growth rate, (2) length-mass relationships, (3) size- and age-specific fecundity, (4) egg sizefrequencies, and (5) size- and age-specific egg diameter relationships for reproductively active female C. bairdi from one of the southern-most extant populations of this species (Coweeta Creek drainage, North Carolina). Gravid females were collected during February and March in 1993–1995, and 1998.Cottus bairdi were collected from Shope Fork and Ball Creek in early spring prior to spawning. We are determining age and length specific fecundities from analysis of whole ovaries. We are also investigating whether are age or length specific differences exist in egg size. We are determining sex specific growth rates back-calculation of age at length from otolith analysis.

openCustomJan 2020View details →

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Louisiana mottled duck telemetry summer survival data 2018-2020 and water level data from Hurricane Laura surge

Tropical cyclones are the most powerful storms on earth, causing catastrophic damage to human lives and infrastructure. Hurricanes also cause wildlife mortality when they make landfall, but the severity of these effects is difficult to quantify because data collection is either logistically impossible or deprioritized in the wake of human tragedy. On 27 August 2020, Hurricane Laura made landfall in southwestern Louisiana with maximum sustained winds of 241 kph (150 mph), making it one of the most powerful storms to strike the mainland United States. Hurricane Laura passed directly over the core breeding range of the Western Gulf Coast population of Mottled Duck (Anas fulvigula), during a time when many adult birds were undergoing a simultaneous wing feather molt and were flightless. We used GPS-GSM telemetry data to evaluate survival rates of adult female Mottled Ducks in late summer 2020 (bracketing 27 August by one month on either side) relative to the same period in 2018 and 2019. Mortality was lower in 2018 (12 out of 29; 41%) and 2019 (8 out of 28; 29%) than in 2020 (12 out of 18; 67%), and 7 out of 12 mortalities documented in 2020 occurred when Hurricane Laura made landfall. Survival analyses in Program MARK confirmed lower survival probability in 2020, but there was overlap in 85% confidence intervals in all years. This single storm resulted in the death of ~40% of all marked birds in our sample, suggesting that hurricanes have the potential to influence population demographics. In addition, Hurricane Laura resulted in widespread habitat loss and degradation that has reduced available nesting habitat in 2021, and possibly for years to come. The acute and chronic effects of hurricanes may exacerbate Mottled Duck population declines, which may worsen in the face of increasingly frequent and more severe tropical storms.

opencc-zeroJul 2023View details →

Coursing the mottled mosaic: generalist predators track pulses in availability of neonatal ungulates

The density and distribution of resources shape animal movement and behavior and have direct implications for population dynamics. Resource availability often is "pulsed" in space and time, and individuals should cue in on resource pulses when the energetic gain of doing so exceeds that of stable resources. Birth pulses of prey represent a profitable but ephemeral resource and should thereby result in shifting functional responses by predators. We evaluated movements and resource selection of coyotes (Canis latrans) across a gradient of reproductive stages ranging from late gestation to peak lactation of female mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in southwest Wyoming, USA to test whether coyotes exhibited shifts in selection and movement behavior relative to the availability and vulnerability of neonatal mule deer. We expected coyotes to track pulses in availability of neonatal mule deer, and such behavior would be represented by shifts in resource selection and search behavior of coyotes that would be strongest during peak parturition of mule deer. Coyotes selected areas of high relative probability of use by female mule deer and did so most strongly during peak parturition. Further, searching behavior of coyotes intensified during pulses of availability of deer neonates. Our findings support the notion that coyotes exploit pulses of neonatal deer, presumably as an attempt to capitalize on a vulnerable, energy-rich resource. Our work quantifies the behavioral mechanisms by which coyotes consume ungulate neonates and provides one of the first examples of a mammalian predator-prey system centered on a pulsed resource.

publicOct 2022View details →

Louisiana mottled duck telemetry summer survival data 2018-2020 and water level data from Hurricane Laura surge

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publicJul 2023View details →

Coursing the mottled mosaic: generalist predators track pulses in availability of neonatal ungulates

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Fig. 4 in Density dependent variation in the life history traits of mottled emigrant butterfly, Catopsilia pyranthe (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Fig. 4. The variations (Mean ± SE) of density impact (DI) on different life history traits of C. pyranthe butterfly species under intraspecific competitions. Shaded bars represent ♀ while nonshaded bars represent ♂. The life history traits are shown in sequence as (a) age at pupation (AP, in days), (b) pupal weight (PW, in mg), (c) adult weight (AW, in mg), (d) adult length (AL, in mm), (e) forewing length (FWL, in mm), (f) forewing breadth (FWB, in mm), (g) hindwing length (HWL, in mm), and (h) hindwing breadth (HWB, in mm). Values less than zero indicates density impact. Рис. 4. Вариации (среднее ± SE) влиЯниЯ плотности (DI) на раЗличные приЗнаки жиЗненного цикла бабочек C. pyranthe в условиЯх внутривидовой конкуренции. ЗаШтрихованные столбцы представлЯют ♀, а неЗаШтрихованные столбцы представлЯют ♂. Параметры жиЗненного цикла покаЗаны в следуюЩей последовательности: (а) воЗраст окукливаниЯ (AP, в днЯх), (b) вес куколки (PW, в мг), (c) вес вЗрослой особи (AW, в мг), (d) вЗрослаЯ особь. длина (AL, в мм), (e) длина переднего крыла (FWL, в мм), (f) Ширина переднего крыла (FWB, в мм), (g) длина Заднего крыла (HWL, в мм) и (h) Ширина Заднего крыла (HWB, в мм). ЗначениЯ меньШе нулЯ укаЗывают на влиЯние плотности.

Fig. 2 in Density dependent variation in the life history traits of mottled emigrant butterfly, Catopsilia pyranthe (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Fig. 2. The proportion of survivorship of C. pyranthe in different initial larval rearing density (ranging from 1 through 4). Рис. 2. ДолЯ выживШих C. pyranthe при раЗной начальной плотности выраЩиваниЯ личинок (от 1 до 4).

Fig. 1 in Density dependent variation in the life history traits of mottled emigrant butterfly, Catopsilia pyranthe (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Fig. 1. The outline of the experimental design followed for the evaluation of the density dependent effects on the life history traits of the butterfly C. pyranthe. Рис. 1. План Эксперимента, испольЗованный длЯ оценки влиЯниЯ плотности на особенности жиЗненного цикла бабочки C. pyranthe.

Fig. 3 in Density dependent variation in the life history traits of mottled emigrant butterfly, Catopsilia pyranthe (Linnaeus, 1758) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)

Fig. 3. The differences in the life history traits of C. pyranthe considering male and female separately under intraspecific competitions in minimalist form of density of the individuals The life history traits considered are (a) age at pupation (AP, in days), (b) pupal weight (PW, in mg), (c) adult weight (AW, in mg), (d) adult length (AL, in mm), (e) forewing length (FWL, in mm), (f) forewing breadth (FWB, in mm), (g) hindwing length (HWL, in mm), and (h) hindwing breadth (HWB, in mm). Рис. 3. РаЗличиЯ приЗнаков жиЗненного цикла C. pyranthe с учетом самцов и самок отдельно при внутривидовой конкуренции в минималистской форме плотности особей. (b) масса куколки (PW, в мг), (c) масса вЗрослой особи (AW, в мг), (d) длина вЗрослой особи (AL, в мм), (e) длина переднего крыла (FWL, в мм), (f) Ширина переднего крыла (FWB, в мм), (g) длина Заднего крыла (HWL, в мм) и (h) Ширина Заднего крыла (HWB, в мм).

opennotspecifiedJul 2016View details →

On following pages: 5. Goodfellows's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys goodfellowi); 6. Natterer's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys nattereri tuco (Ctenomys yates); 10. Chacoan Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys conover); 11. Forest Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys fraten); 12. Lessa's fulvus): 15. Andean Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys opimus); 16. Salta Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys saltarius); 17. Scaglia's Tuco-tuco Furtive Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys occultus); 21. Tucuman Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys tucumanus); 22. Brazilian Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys); 7. Rondon's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys rondoni); 8. Steinbach's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys steinbachi); 9. Yates's Tuco-Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys lessai); 13. Lewis's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys lewisi); 14. Long-tailed Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys (Ctenomys scagliai); 18. Argentine Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys argentinus); 19. Mottled Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys latro); 20. brasiliensis). in Ctenomyidae

On following pages: 5. Goodfellows's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys goodfellowi); 6. Natterer's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys nattereri tuco (Ctenomys yates); 10. Chacoan Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys conover); 11. Forest Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys fraten); 12. Lessa's fulvus): 15. Andean Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys opimus); 16. Salta Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys saltarius); 17. Scaglia's Tuco-tuco Furtive Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys occultus); 21. Tucuman Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys tucumanus); 22. Brazilian Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys); 7. Rondon's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys rondoni); 8. Steinbach's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys steinbachi); 9. Yates's Tuco-Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys lessai); 13. Lewis's Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys lewisi); 14. Long-tailed Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys (Ctenomys scagliai); 18. Argentine Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys argentinus); 19. Mottled Tuco-tuco (Ctenomys latro); 20. brasiliensis).