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68 results for “multiple drivers”
Different facets of the same niche: integrating citizen science and scientific survey data to predict biological invasion risk under multiple global change drivers
<p>Raw data (occurrences and environmental predictors) used in the manuscript "Different facets of the same niche: integrating citizen science and scientific survey data to predict biological invasion risk under multiple global change drivers"</p>
Disentangling the multiple drivers of ecological adaptation in a microorganism
<p>The survival and reproduction of living organisms depend on their ability to achieve an adequate balance between energy intake and energy expenditure. Multiple quantities contribute to this energetic balance, such as the feeding rate, and the allocation of available energy to growth, maintenance, movement, and reproduction. Given that many of these quantities scale in a predictable way with the size of the organism and with environmental parameters, it should be possible to predict how organisms may adapt to novel environmental conditions in terms of adjusting their morphology, physiology, and behaviour. In a series of experiments, we adapted axenic experimental populations of the ciliate <em>Tetrahymena pyriformis</em> to different environmental conditions of temperature (15°C, 20°C and 25°C) and resource levels (50%, 100%, and 200% of a standard protein solution). We measured population growth, metabolic rate (from respiration), cell size, and movement speed (from video-tracking). On a very short time scale, movement speed and metabolic rate increased with environmental temperature in a way that can be predicted from simple physical scaling relations such as the Boltzmann-Arrhenius equation and the `viscous drag' impacting movement. However, soon after the introduction of <em>Tetrahymena</em> into a novel environment, all the measured quantities were further modulated in a direction that likely provided better biological fitness in the new environment. Changes in cell size played a central role in mediating these adaptations: in small organisms with short generation times, cell size regulations can be a fast and effective way to mediate environmental adaptation by simultaneously affecting multiple phenotypic traits, such as metabolic rate and the energetic costs of movement.</p>
Disturbance alters transience but nutrients determine equilibria during grassland succession with multiple global change drivers
<p>Disturbance and environmental change may cause communities to converge on a steady state, diverge towards multiple alternative states, or remain in long-term transience. Yet, empirical investigations of successional trajectories are rare, especially in systems experiencing multiple concurrent anthropogenic drivers of change. We examined succession in old field grassland communities subjected to disturbance and nitrogen fertilization using data from a long-term (22-year) experiment. Regardless of initial disturbance, after a decade communities converged on steady states largely determined by resource availability, where species turnover declined as communities approached dynamic equilibria. Species favored by the disturbance were those that eventually came to dominate the highly fertilized plots. Furthermore, disturbance made successional pathways more direct under low nutrients, revealing an important interaction effect between nutrients and disturbance as drivers of community change. Our results underscore the dynamical nature of grassland and old field succession, demonstrating how community properties such as beta-diversity change through transient and equilibrium states.</p>
Data from: Population genomics reveals multiple drivers of population differentiation in a sex-role-reversed pipefish
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Multiple drivers of spring migration timing for red deer over the past 16 years in northern Europe
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Disturbance alters transience but nutrients determine equilibria during grassland succession with multiple global change drivers
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Data from: Nutrients influence the thermal ecophysiology of an intertidal macroalga: multiple stressors or multiple drivers?
Urbanization of coastlines is leading to increased introduction of nutrients from the terrestrial environment to nearshore habitats. While such nutrient influxes can be detrimental to coastal marine organisms due to increased eutrophication and subsequent reduced oxygen, they could also have positive effects (i.e., increased food availability) on species that are nitrogen-limited such as macroalgae. Nutrient enrichment in this environment thus has the potential to counteract some of the negative impacts of increasing temperatures, at least for some species. Characterizing the physiological response of organisms to simultaneous changes in multiple drivers such as these is an important first step in predicting how global climate change may lead to ecological responses at more local levels. We evaluated how nutrient enrichment (i.e., nitrogen availability) affected the growth of Fucus vesiculosus, a foundational macroalgal species in the North Atlantic rocky intertidal zone, and found that nutrient-enriched algal blades showed a significant increase in tissue growth compared to individuals grown under ambient conditions. We further quantified net photosynthesis by ambient and nutrient-enriched tissues at saturating irradiance over a range of temperature conditions (5°-30°C). Respiration was unaffected by nutrient treatment; however, there was a significant increase in photosynthetic oxygen production for nutrient-enriched tissue compared to ambient, but only at elevated temperatures. This study contributes to a growing body of literature showing the complexity of responses to changes in multiple drivers, and highlights the importance of studying the impacts of global climate change within the context of more local environmental conditions.
Multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of long-term wood decomposition within and among species in semiarid inland dunes: a dual role for stem diameter
<p>This is wood decomposition data conducted in an semiarid inland dune including mass loss, initial wood traits and k values of combinations between five diameter classes and four shrub species under different treatments including UV and litter position. We found that after 34 months of in situ incubation, the mass loss of buried woody litters was three times faster than those of suspended and surface woody litters (53.5 ± 2.7 %, 17.0 ± 1.0 % and 14.4± 1.2 %, respectively). In surface and suspended positions, litter decomposition rates were almost equally low and most mass loss was during the first two years, when bark was still attached and UV radiation had no significant effect on woody litter mass loss.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Forecasts, score summary files, target observational data and meteorological driver files to accompany the manuscript "Skill of process-based forecasts relative to multiple null models varies across time and depth for water temperature and dissolved oxygen"
<p>This data publication includes raw ensemble forecast output (forecasts.zip), as well as summary score files (scores.zip) for process-based forecasts produced with the Forecasting Lake and Reservoir Ecosystems (FLARE) framework. In addition, it includes scores for climatology (climatology_scores.csv) and random walk (RW_scores.csv) null forecasts, formatted observational data of target variables (sunp-targets-insitu.csv), and meteorological driver files required for analysis to accompany the manuscript "Skill of process-based forecasts relative to multiple null models varies across time and depth for water temperature and dissolved oxygen". Forecasts were made of water temperature and dissolved oxygen at Lake Sunapee, NH in 2021 and 2022.</p>
Coloc summary results for "Dissection of multiple sclerosis genetics identifies B and CD4+ T cells as driver cell subsets"
<p>Text files containing coloc results between MS GWAS loci and CD4 T and B cell cis-eQTLs from DICE. These results accompany the paper "<strong>Dissection of multiple sclerosis genetics identifies B and CD4+ T cells as driver cell subsets"</strong></p>
Data and code from: Multiple sex chromosome drivers in a mammal with three sex chromosomes
<p><span>Eukaryotes with separate males and females display a great diversity in the way they determine sex, but it is still unclear what evolutionary forces cause transitions between sex-determining systems. Rather that the lack of hypotheses, the problem is the scarcity of adequate biological systems to test them. Here, we take advantage of the recent evolution of a feminizing X chromosome (called X*) in the African pygmy mouse <em>Mus minutoides</em>, to investigate one of the evolutionary forces hypothesized to cause such transitions, namely sex chromosome drive (i.e., biased transmission of sex chromosomes to the next generation). Through extensive molecular sexing of pups at weaning, we reveal the existence of a remarkable male sex chromosome drive system in this species, whereby direction and strength of drive is conditional upon the genotype of males' partners: males transmit their Y at a rate close to 80% when mating with XX or XX* females, and only 36% when mating with X*Y females. Using mathematical modelling, we explore the joint evolution of these unusual sex-determining and drive systems, revealing that different sequences of events could have led to the evolution of this bizarre system, and that the "conditional" nature of sex chromosome drive plays a crucial role in the short- and long-term maintenance of the three sex chromosomes.</span></p>
Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life
<p>This dataset contains the raw data presented in the article and supplementary material by M. J. Cabrerizo and E. Marañón entitled: "<strong>Net effect of environmental fluctuations in multiple global-change drivers across the tree of life"</strong></p>
Identifying the environmental drivers of corridors and predicting connectivity between seasonal ranges in multiple populations of Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) as tools for conserving migration
<p># GPS locations of Alpine ibex</p> <p>This dataset contains migratory tracks of Alpine ibex identified using the application Migration Mapper (https://migrationinitiative.org/content/migration-mapper) and used in the work <strong>Identifying the environmental drivers of corridors and predicting connectivity between seasonal ranges in multiple populations of Alpine ibex (<em>Capra ibex</em>) as tools for conserving migration</strong></p> <p># Dataset structure</p> <p>Each row of the dataset represents a GPS location with its coordinates contained in the x (longitude) and y(latitude) columns. Coordinates are given in wgs84 (epsg 4326).<br> The column t1_ informs on the date and time the location was recorded.<br> The id and pop columns provide information about the identity of the animal and the population to which it belongs.</p> <p> </p>
Data for effects of multiple drivers of environmental change on native and invasive macroalgae in nearshore groundwater dependent ecosystems
<p><strong><em>Okuhata, B.K., Delevaux, J.M.S., Richards Donà, A., Smith, C.M., Gibson, V.L., Dulai, H., El-Kadi, A.I., Stamoulis, K., Burnett, K.M., Wada, C.A., Bremer, L.L., Effects of multiple drivers of environmental change on native and invasive macroalgae in nearshore groundwater dependent ecosystems</em></strong></p> <p>Environmental change scenarios, with a spatial extent of the Keauhou basal aquifer (Hawai‘i), were produced using a recharge coverage from Engott (2011), land use coverages from the State of Hawai‘i (2022) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (2006); climate change calculations based on Elison Timm et al. (2015), and native forest conversion calculations from Bremer et al. (2021). Scenarios were developed based on the following assumptions:</p> <p>Scenario 0 (Baseline) assumes current land use, groundwater recharge, and groundwater withdrawal rates (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2006; State of Hawai‘i, 2022; Engott, 2011; Commission on Water Resource Management, unpublished data, 2018). Please see Okuhata et al. (2021) for more details regarding the scenario assumptions for the baseline groundwater model.</p> <p>Scenario 1 (Climate Change) assumes current land use, but with Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 mid-century rainfall projections (Elison Timm et al., 2015), where rainfall and recharge calculations were based on estimates from Giambelluca et al. (2013) and Engott (2011). </p> <p>Scenario 2 (Urban Development) assumes RCP 8.5 mid-century rainfall conditions along with future permitted development, which includes an increase in water demand (Fukunaga & Associates, Inc., 2017). </p> <p>Scenario 3 (Native Forest Conversion + Urban Development) assumes RCP 8.5 mid-century rainfall conditions and future permitted development, along with the assumption that native forests are not protected and converted to non-native forests (Bremer et al., 2021), therefore altering recharge estimates (Wada et al., 2017; Engott, 2011).</p> <p>Please note that scenario numbers listed in the groundwater model and marine water quality model shapefiles may differ from the manuscript scenario numbers. The following table assigns the scenario numbers to their respective scenarios in the manuscript, groundwater model, and marine water quality model.</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Scenario Name</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Manuscript #</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Groundwater Model #</strong></p> </td> <td> <p><strong>Marine Water Quality Model #</strong></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Baseline</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 0</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 1</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 0</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Climate Change</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 1</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 2</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 1</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Urban Development</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 2</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 7</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 6</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p>Native Forest Conversion + Urban Development</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 3</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 5</p> </td> <td> <p>Scenario 4</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>The groundwater model results are in shapefile format and were produced using the program SEAWAT (Langevin et al., 2008). The spatial extent is the Keauhou basal aquifer, and the projection is NAD 1983 UTM Zone 4N. The two polygon shapefiles represent the first and second layers of the groundwater model, and include groundwater level (meters relative to mean sea level), salinity (parts per thousand), temperature (degrees Celsius), nitrogen (milligrams per liter), and phosphorus (milligrams per liter) results under the assumptions of each scenario. The point shapefile represents the simulated discharge at SGD plumes under the assumptions of each scenario.</p> <p>The marine water quality model results are in floating point TIFF format and were produced using the program R software. The spatial extent is the coastal area of the Keauhou aquifer system, and the geographic coordinate system is WGS 1984. The files include the groundwater discharge (cubic meters per month), salinity (parts per thousand), temperature (degrees Celsius), nitrogen (kilograms per month), and phosphorus (kilograms per month) results under the assumptions of each scenario.</p> <p>The limu model results are in shapefile format and were produced using the program R software. The spatial extent is the coastal area of the Keauhou aquifer system, and the geographic coordinate system is WGS 1984. The files include the increase and decrease in area (hectares) for <em>Ulva lactuca</em> and <em>Hypnea musciformis </em>under the assumptions of each scenario.</p> <p>The limu experiment results are derived from a csv file, which reports the <em>Ulva lactuca</em> and <em>Hypnea musciformis </em>measured weights (initial and final) for each growth run. These were used to calculate the weight difference. Included also in the dataset are the fixed and random effects used in the R script to run the model.</p> <p>Contact Leah Bremer (<a href="mailto:lbremer@hawaii.edu">lbremer@hawaii.edu</a>) or Brytne Okuhata (bokuhata@hawaii.edu) of the University of Hawaiʻi for more information on these files.</p>
Data from: Chilean fish body size is influenced by multiple drivers
<p>There is evidence that organisms have become smaller during the past periods of global warming. Global change has substantial effects on biodiversity, with body size reduction being the third most common response to global warming. Body size allometry in ectotherms needs to be explored further; the objectives of this study were to better understand the mechanisms regulating body size in fish by testing: i) Bergmann's rule with temperature and elevation, ii) additional environmental drivers, iii) the role of isolation, iv) ecoevolutionary hypotheses comparing native and exotic species, and v) the role of migration propensity in comparing migratory and resident species. We analyzed an extensive dataset of Chilean fish composed of 75,198 records which included 25 species from 12 different families between latitudes -28.80 to -51.42 using linear mixed models to discern the best environmental variables contributing to body size changes, as well as incorporating factors related to dispersal capabilities, biogeographic isolation, and levels of exotic/native interactions. Bergmann's rule is supported by changes in elevation, and our study shows that freshwater fish body size also increases with increasing environmental heterogeneity and productivity. In general, inland native fish tend to be smaller than coastal ones, supporting the island rule with evidence of gigantism or dwarfism in selected species. Ecological variables affecting fish body size do not differ between native and exotic fish unless other factors are considered, such as dispersal capacity (migrating vs. resident fish) or mechanisms related to their isolation. Although temperature is not a direct driver of body size in Chilean fish, heterogeneity, productivity, geography, migratory ability, and species origin may affect body size. A better understanding of the mechanisms driving body size in ectotherms will aid in determining management priorities in the face of global climate disruption.</p>
Multiple abiotic and biotic drivers of long-term wood decomposition within and among species in semiarid inland dunes: a dual role for stem diameter
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Data and code from: Multiple sex chromosome drivers in a mammal with three sex chromosomes
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Data from: Chilean fish body size is influenced by multiple drivers
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Data from: Nutrients influence the thermal ecophysiology of an intertidal macroalga: multiple stressors or multiple drivers?
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End-user involvement to improve predictions and management of populations with complex dynamics and multiple drivers
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.