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13 results for “multiple ecosystem functioning”
Tree mortality in Forest and Biodiversity 2: a tree diversity experiment to understand the consequences of multiple dimensions of diversity and composition for long-term ecosystem function and resilience
The Forest and Biodiversity (FAB2) experiment uses native tree species in varying levels of species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity planted in 100 m2 and 400 m2 plots at 1 m spacing, appropriate for testing long-term ecosystem consequences. FAB2 was designed and established in conjunction with a prior experiment (FAB1) in which the same set of twelve species was planted in 16 m2 plots at 0.5 m spacing. Both are adjacent to the BioDIV prairie-grassland diversity experiment, enabling comparative investigations of diversity and ecosystem function relationships between experimental grasslands and forests at different planting densities and plot sizes. This data package examines mortality in the first six years of the experiment.
FAB2_sapling_volume_2021-2022 in Forest and Biodiversity 2: a tree diversity experiment to understand the consequences of multiple dimensions of diversity and composition for long-term ecosystem function and resilience
The Forest and Biodiversity (FAB2) experiment uses native tree species in varying levels of species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity planted in 100 m2 and 400 m2 plots at 1 m spacing, appropriate for testing long-term ecosystem consequences. FAB2 was designed and established in conjunction with a prior experiment (FAB1) in which the same set of twelve species was planted in 16 m2 plots at 0.5 m spacing. Both are adjacent to the BioDIV prairie-grassland diversity experiment, enabling comparative investigations of diversity and ecosystem function relationships between experimental grasslands and forests at different planting densities and plot sizes. This data package examines mortality in the first six years of the experiment.
fab2_allometry_2016-2022 in Forest and Biodiversity 2: a tree diversity experiment to understand the consequences of multiple dimensions of diversity and composition for long-term ecosystem function and resilience
The Forest and Biodiversity (FAB2) experiment uses native tree species in varying levels of species richness, phylogenetic diversity, and functional diversity planted in 100 m2 and 400 m2 plots at 1 m spacing, appropriate for testing long-term ecosystem consequences. FAB2 was designed and established in conjunction with a prior experiment (FAB1) in which the same set of twelve species was planted in 16 m2 plots at 0.5 m spacing. Both are adjacent to the BioDIV prairie-grassland diversity experiment, enabling comparative investigations of diversity and ecosystem function relationships between experimental grasslands and forests at different planting densities and plot sizes. This data package examines mortality in the first six years of the experiment.
CESM2.2-8P4Z data supporting Yu et al. (2024): Simulating ecosystem dynamics and marine biogeochemical cycles with multiple plankton functional types
<p><span>This dataset contains the model output from CESM2.2-8P4Z, used in Yu et al. (2024) and</span><span> </span><span>submitted to</span><span> the Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES). These are the last 20-year averaged output files from 310 years of the model simulations, which are analyzed in Yu et al., (2024). CESM2.2-8P4Z contains twelve plankton groups, including eight types of phytoplankton:</span><span> </span><span>1</span><span>) picophytoplankton groups: <em>Prochlorococcus</em>, <em>Synechococcus</em>, picoeukaryotes and diazotrophs; 2) nanophytoplankton groups:</span><span> </span><em><span><em>P</em></span></em><em><span><em>haeocystis</em></span></em><span>, <em>coccolithophores</em></span><span> </span><span>and a generic other nanophytoplankton; 3) micro-sized phytoplankton: diatoms</span><span>; and four types of zooplankton:</span><span> </span><span>small microzooplankton (5-20 u</span><span>m, such as ciliates, nanoflagellates), large microzooplankton (20-200 u</span><span>m, such as copepod nauplii, small dinoflagellates etc.), mesozooplankton (200-2000 u</span><span>m, such as smaller copepod, large dinoflagellates) and macrozooplankton (>2000 u</span><span>m, such as larger copepod, krill).</span><span> </span><span>The MARBL-8P4Z model improves seasonal simulation of the spring bloom compared with more simplified MARBL configurations, benefiting from dampened diatom blooms at higher latitudes due to a combination of bottom-up and top-down drivers.</span></p>
Cover crop mixtures enhance multiple ecosystem functions: A global meta-analysis
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Data from: Stream microbial communities and ecosystem functioning show complex responses to multiple stressors in wastewater
<div> <p>Multiple anthropogenic drivers are changing ecosystems globally, with a disproportionate and intensifying impact on freshwater habitats. A major impact of urbanisation are inputs from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Initially designed to greatly reduce nutrient loads, WWTPs increasingly release a multitude of micropollutants (i.e., synthetic chemicals) and organisms (including antibiotic resistant bacteria) to receiving environments. This pollution may have pervasive impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Viewed through multiple lenses of macroecological and ecotoxicological theory, we combined field, flume, and laboratory experiments to determine the effects of wastewater on microbial communities and organic-matter processing using a standardized decomposition assay. Firstly, we conducted a mensurative experiment using 60 sampling locations above and below WWTP discharges in 20 Swiss streams. This showed that microbial respiration and decomposition rates were positively influenced by inputs of treated effluent via warming and nutrient enrichment, but with a notable exception: wastewater decreased the activation energy of decomposition, indicating a "slowing" of this fundamental ecosystem process in response to temperature. Secondly, next-generation sequencing of microbial communities indicated that community structure below WWTPs was altered, with significant compositional turnover, reduced fungal richness, and evidence of negative micropollutant influences. Thirdly, a series of flume experiments confirmed that although diluted wastewater generally has a positive influence on microbial-mediated processes, the negative effects of micropollutants are 'masked' by the addition of nutrients. Finally, cotton-strip transplant experiments suggested that wastewater-borne microbes enhance rates of decomposition. Taken together, our results affirm the multiple-stressor paradigm by showing that different aspects of wastewater (i.e., temperature, nutrients, microbes, and micropollutants) jointly influence ecosystem functioning in complex ways. Increased respiration rates below WWTPs potentially generate ecosystem 'disservices' via greater carbon evasion from streams and rivers. However, toxic effects of micropollutants may fundamentally alter ecological scaling relationships, indicating the need for a rapprochement between ecotoxicological and macroecological perspectives.</p> </div>
Data from: Stream microbial communities and ecosystem functioning show complex responses to multiple stressors in wastewater
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Data from: Multi-trophic β-diversity mediates the effect of environmental gradients on the turnover of multiple ecosystem functions
1. Much effort has been devoted to better understanding the effects of environment and biodiversity on ecosystem functioning. However, few studies have moved beyond measuring biodiversity as species richness of a single group and/or focusing on a single ecosystem function. While there is a growing recognition that along environmental gradients, the compositional turnover of multiple trophic groups influences not only productivity but multiple ecosystem functions, we do not know yet which components of multi-trophic β-diversity influence which ecosystem functions. 2. Here, we captured the biodiversity found in soils using environmental DNA to study total soil multi-trophic β-diversity (between all taxa regardless of their trophic group association), horizontal β-diversities (β-diversities within trophic groups) and vertical β-diversity (β-diversity across trophic groups) along a 1000-m elevational gradient in the French Alps. Using path analyses, we quantified how these β-diversity components mediate the effects of environmental turnover on the turnover of multiple ecosystem functions (i.e. productivity, N-cycling, N-leaching) and overall multifunctionality. 3. While we found a strong direct effect of soil properties on the turnover of multiple ecosystem functions, we also found an indirect effect of climate and soil properties through multi-trophic β-diversity. More specifically, only total multi-trophic β-diversity and the horizontal β-diversity of saprophytic fungi were strongly related to the turnover of multifunctionality and, to a lower extent, the turnover of productivity and N-cycling. Our results suggest that decomposition processes and resulting nutrient availability are key to understand how ecosystem functions change along soil properties and climatic gradients in alpine ecosystems. 4. Beyond alpine systems, our study stresses the paramount importance of considering the mediating role of multi-trophic diversity in environmental change impacts on different ecosystem functions and their multifunctionality.
Data from: Below-ground resource partitioning alone cannot explain the biodiversity–ecosystem function relationship: a field test using multiple tracers
1. Belowground resource partitioning is among the most prominent hypotheses for driving the positive biodiversity-ecosystem function relationship. However, experimental tests of this hypothesis in biodiversity experiments are scarce, and the available evidence is not consistent. 2. We tested the hypothesis that resource partitioning in space, in time, or in both space and time combined drives the positive effect of diversity on both plant productivity and community resource uptake. At the community level, we predicted that total community resource uptake and biomass production above- and belowground will increase with increased species richness or functional group richness. We predicted that at the species level resource partition breadth will become narrower, and that overlap between the resource partitions of different species will become smaller with increasing species richness or functional group richness. 3. We applied multiple resource tracers (Li and Rb as potassium analogues, the water isotopologues - H218O and 2H2O, and 15N) in three seasons at two depths across a species and functional group richness gradient at a grassland biodiversity experiment. We used this multidimensional resource tracer study to test if plant species partition resources with increasing plant diversity across space, time, or both simultaneously. 4. At the community level, community resource uptake of nitrogen and potassium and above- and belowground biomass increased significantly with increasing species richness but not with increasing functional group richness. However, we found no evidence that resource partition breadth or resource partition overlap decreased with increasing species richness for any resource in space, time, or both space and time combined. Synthesis: These findings indicate that belowground resource partitioning may not drive the enhanced resource uptake or biomass production found here. Instead, other mechanisms such as facilitation, species-specific biotic feedback, or aboveground resource partitioning are likely necessary for enhanced overall ecosystem function.
Data from: Below-ground resource partitioning alone cannot explain the biodiversity–ecosystem function relationship: a field test using multiple tracers
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Data from: No effect of seed source on multiple aspects of ecosystem functioning during ecological restoration: cultivars compared to local ecotypes of dominant grasses
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Data from: Multi-trophic β-diversity mediates the effect of environmental gradients on the turnover of multiple ecosystem functions
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model output used for Paper "Simulating ecosystem dynamics and marine biogeochemical cycles with multiple plankton functional types"
<p>This dataset contains the model output from CESM2.2-8p4z, used in Yu et al., 2024 in Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES). </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.