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17 results for “narrow-mouthed frogs”
Shared response to changes in drainage basin: Phylogeography of the Yunnan Small Narrow-mouthed Frog, Glyphoglossus yunnanensis (Anura: Microhylidae)
<p><span><b>Aim: </b>With the late Cenozoic uplift of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), drainage of the southeastern edge of the QTP changed significantly. However, the impact of this dramatic change on the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of endemic organisms is still poorly understood. Here, we examined the geographical patterns of genetic variation in the Yunnan small narrow-mouthed frog, <i>Glyphoglossus yunnanensis </i>(Microhylidae), and two alternative hypotheses were tested: that is, the geographical distribution of genetic variation was determined by either the contemporary drainage basin or by historical drainage basins. </span></p> <p><span><b>Location: </b>the Mountains of Southwest China.</span></p> <p><span><b>Materials and methods:</b> Analyses were based on 417 specimens collected from across the distribution of the species. We reconstructed the genealogy (Bayesian and maximum parsimony methods) and assessed demographic history based on DNA sequencing data from mitochondrial and nuclear markers. We also mapped the genetic diversity and estimated the divergence times by a relaxed clock model. </span></p> <p><span><b>Results: </b>The species has maintained a relatively stable population size without recent population expansion. Four major maternal lineages were identified with good support, one representing a possible cryptic species and the other three showing further subdivision. The distribution of these deeply differentiated lineages/sublineages corresponded well to geographical regions. The secondary contact zones and phylogeographic breaks in distinct lineages of <i>G. yunnanensis </i>were almost concordant with those of <i>Nanorana yunnanensis</i>. </span></p> <p><b>Main conclusions: </b>Lineage division conformed to the hypothesis of drainage system evolution, that is, the phylogeographic pattern of <i>G. yunnanensis </i>was shaped by historical drainage patterns. Concordance in phylogeographic patterns<i> </i>may suggest a shared response to common hydrogeological history, and also might indicate that there was more contribution of the drainage history than ecological or life history traits in structuring genetic variation between these two disparate codistributed taxa <i>G. yunnanensis </i>and <i>N. yunnanensis</i>.</p>
Shared response to changes in drainage basin: Phylogeography of the Yunnan Small Narrow-mouthed Frog, Glyphoglossus yunnanensis (Anura: Microhylidae)
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Figure 7 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 7. Variation in dorsal colouration of Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. paratypes (in life). (a) Female (AUP 00602); (b) female (AUP 00600); (c) male (AUP 00606); (d) male (ZMMU A6035). Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant.
Figure 1 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 1. Distribution of Microhyla superciliaris species group in Thai–Malay Peninsula. A star denotes a type locality; a dot in the centre of an icon denotes populations included in phylogenetic analyses. Localities: Microhyla tetrix sp. nov.: THAILAND: (1) Suan Phueng Dist., Ratchaburi Prov. (this study); (2) Khao Kra Puk Mt., Phetchaburi Prov. (this study); (3) Kui Buri NP, Prachuap Khiri Khan Prov. (Taksintum et al. 2009, 2010); (4) 'Klong Bang Lai, Patiyu', now Pathio Dist., Chumphon Prov. (Smith 1916); (5) Wat Tham Sanook, Chumphon Prov. (this study); (6) Khao Sok Dist., Surat Thani Prov. (this study); (7) Phanom Dist., Surat Thani Prov. (this study); (8) Klong Sok Dist., Surat Thani Prov. (this study, type locality); (9) Ao Nang, Krabi Prov. (this study); Microhyla superciliaris: THAILAND: (10) Saba Yoi, Songkhla Prov. (this study); MALAYSIA: (11) Tasik Pedu Lake; Kedah (Manthey and Denzer 2014; Manthey et al. 2016); (12) Sedim, Kedah (Manthey et al. 2016); (13) Lenggong, Perak (Manthey et al. 2016); (14) Lata Belantan, Terengganu (Manthey et al. 2016); (15) Sekayu, Terengganu (Manthey et al. 2016); (16) Kuala Tahan, Pahang (Manthey et al. 2016); (17) Temerloh, Pahang (Matsui et al. 2011); (18) Batu Caves, Kuala Lumpur (Parker 1928); (19) Forest Research Institute of Malaysia office, Selangor (Manthey et al. 2016); (20) Kenaboi, Negeri Sembilan (Matsui et al. 2011); (21) Gunung Belumut, Johor (Manthey et al. 2016); (22) Gunung Panti, Johor (Manthey et al. 2016). Colours of localities correspond to those used in Figure 2. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant. Dashed lines indicate the Isthmus of Kra and the Kangar–Pattani line biogeographic borders (given following Baltzer et al. 2008).
Figure 4 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 4. Dorsolateral view of holotype of Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. in situ (AUP 00603, a female from Klong Sok Dist., Surat Thani Prov.). Photo by Parinya Pawangkhanant.
Figure 9 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 9. Microhyla superciliaris Parker from Saba Yoi, Songkhla Prov., Thailand, showing characteristic dorsal colouration and presence of an enlarged superciliary tubercle. (a) Adult male; (b) adult female (not collected). Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant and Watinee Juthong.
Figure 6 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 6. Morphological details of the male paratype of Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. (ZMMU A6034), male, in preservative. (a) Volar view of the left hand; (b) plantar view of the right foot. Drawings by Valentina D. Kretova.
Figure 2 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 2. Bayesian inference tree of Microhyla derived from the analysis of 2428 bp of alignment including 12S rRNA, tRNAVal and 16S rRNA gene fragments. For voucher specimen information and GenBank accession numbers see Supplementary Table S2. Red and green colour denotes Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. and Microhyla superciliaris, respectively (see Figure 1); grey denotes M. superciliaris group members. Microhyla species occurring on the Thai–Malay Peninsula are underlined. Numbers at tree nodes correspond to posterior probability and bootstrap support values, respectively. Outgroup taxa not shown. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant.
Figure 5 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 5. Variation in colouration of Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. (in situ). (a) Adult female from Ao Nang Dist., Krabi Prov. (not collected); (b) paratype AUP 00601, female from Klong Sok Dist., Surat Thani Prov.; (c) paratype AUP 00605, male from Klong Sok Dist., Surat Thani Prov.; (d) adult female from Wat Tham Sanook, Chumphon Prov. (not collected); (e) paratype ZMMU A6033, female from Klong Sok Dist., Surat Thani Prov.; (f) paratype ZMMU A6035, male from Khao Kra Puk Mt., Phetchaburi Prov. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant.
Figure 3 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 3. Holotype of Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. (AUP 00603), female, in life. (a) Dorsal view; (b) ventral view; (c) lateral view of head; (d) volar view of left hand; (e) plantar view of left foot. Photos by Nikolay A. Poyarkov.
FIGURE 1 in Tadpole of Microhyla picta Shenkel (Anura: Microhylidae), an endemic narrow-mouthed frog from Vietnam
FIGURE 1. Breeding sites of Microhyla picta in southern Vietnam: coastal temporary pond in Binh Chau–Phuoc Buu Nature Reserve (A) and temporary pond on Cam Ranh peninsula (B). External morphology of a Microhyla picta tadpole (ZMMU A-5914) at Stage 36 showing vital coloration, dorsal view (C) and lateral view (D). Mouthparts morphology, dorsal view (E). Newly emerged froglet, SVL 9.7 mm (F).
FIGURE 1 in The tadpole of the Narrow-mouthed Frog Microhyla fissipes from Vietnam (Anura: Microhylidae)
FIGURE 1. Left: Tadpole of Microhyla fissipes from Phong Nha — Ke Bang, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam, in life; right: dorsal and lateral aspects of the preserved tadpole at Gosner stage 41 (scale bar = 5 mm). Drawings: Anna Gawor.
Data from: Reconciling molecular phylogeny, morphological divergence and classification of Madagascan narrow-mouthed frogs (Amphibia: Microhylidae)
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Data from: Genomic data reveals potential for hybridization, introgression, and incomplete lineage sorting to confound phylogenetic relationships in an adaptive radiation of narrow-mouth frogs
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Data from: The impact of anchored phylogenomics and taxon sampling on phylogenetic inference in narrow-mouthed frogs (Anura, Microhylidae)
Despite considerable progress in unravelling the phylogenetic relationships of microhylid frogs, relationships among subfamilies remain largely unstable and many genera are not demonstrably monophyletic. Here, we used five alternative combinations of DNA sequence data (ranging from seven loci for 48 taxa to up to 73 loci for as many as 142 taxa) generated using the anchored phylogenomics sequencing method (66 loci, derived from conserved genome regions, for 48 taxa) and Sanger sequencing (seven loci for up to 142 taxa) to tackle this problem. We assess the effects of character sampling, taxon sampling, analytical methods and assumptions in phylogenetic inference of microhylid frogs. The phylogeny of microhylids shows high susceptibility to different analytical methods and datasets used for the analyses. Clades inferred from maximum-likelihood are generally more stable across datasets than those inferred from parsimony. Parsimony trees inferred within a tree-alignment framework are generally better resolved and better supported than those inferred within a similarity-alignment framework, even under the same cost matrix (equally weighted) and same treatment of gaps (as a fifth nucleotide state). We discuss potential causes for these differences in resolution and clade stability among discovery operations. We also highlight the problem that commonly used algorithms for model-based analyses do not explicitly model insertion and deletion events (i.e. gaps are treated as missing data). Our results corroborate the monophyly of Microhylidae and most currently recognized subfamilies but fail to provide support for relationships among subfamilies. Several taxonomic updates are provided, including naming of two new subfamilies, both monotypic.
Data from: The impact of anchored phylogenomics and taxon sampling on phylogenetic inference in narrow-mouthed frogs (Anura, Microhylidae)
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Figure 8 in A new species of miniaturised narrow-mouth frog of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Tenasserim, Thailand
Figure 8. Natural habitats of Microhyla in Thai–Malay Peninsula. (a) Breeding habitat of Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. at Klong Sok Dist., Surat Thani Prov., Thailand (type locality); (b, c) natural habitat of Microhyla superciliaris at Saba Yoi, Songkhla Prov., Thailand; (d) spawning site of Microhyla tetrix sp. nov. at the type locality, showing a breeding male of Kaloula latidisca (in the middle) and Micryletta cf. lineata (bottom right) surrounded by numerous calling males and pairs in amplexus of the new species. Photos by Parinya Pawangkhanant (a–c) and Christian Hübner (d).
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