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28 results for “native vegetation”
Allelopathy of Frangula Alnus to Native New England Wetland Vegetation at Harvard Forest 2008
Glossy buckthorn (Frangula alnus), an invasive shrub from Eurasia, colonizes both upland and mesic sites in New England, USA, reducing the growth and survival of native tree saplings and lowering species richness. Although a generalist, buckthorn thrives particularly well along river, pond, and wetland margins, which are traditional habitat for speckled alder (Alnus incana ssp. rugosa), a native nitrogen-fixing shrub. As buckthorn’s dense, monospecific growth is typical of allelopaths, we wondered whether it chemically suppresses the growth of alder and other indigenous shrubs. We thus propagated three native shrub species: Alnus incana ssp. rugosa, Viburnum dentatum and Spiraea latifolia, in invasive buckthorn and native dogwood (Cornus amomum) root and leaf mulch. After seven weeks, alder grown in buckthorn root demonstrated significantly smaller basal diameter than alder grown in buckthorn leaf or other mulches. Therefore, putative buckthorn allelopathy to alder likely occurs through root exudation instead of leaf litter effects. Meadowsweet grown in buckthorn mulch, in contrast, was taller, thicker, and had more numerous leaves than meadowsweet grown in native mulch. These species-specific effects point to allelopathy as a mechanism by which buckthorn changes the structure of native plant communities.
Vegetation survey (BACI and Paired-plots) from arid central Australia for impacts of buffel grass on resident native plant communities
<p>The data set accompanies the accepted paper in Ecosphere. The data set includes two experimental appraoches to assess the spread and impacts of buffel grass, Cenchrus cilairis, in the Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands of arid central Australia: a Before-After-Control-Impact (BACI) experiment over 25 years at 15 sites (surveyed in 1994-95 and 2018-19), and a spatially paired-plot (randomised-block) experiment at 18 sites (surveyed in 2018-19). Both experiments spanned two geographic regions (~ 300 km apart) and multiple vegetation communities amongst flat plains and rocky hills landforms. Each experimental design has a plant species data set, and a data set that includes site variables and summed relative cover of plant functional groups. Data collection methodology is described in the accompanying paper, and summarised here.</p> <p>Each site was one hectare in size. The ecological data was collected in accordance with standard biological survey methods in South Australia (Heard and Channon 1997), including recording of plant species and cover abundance, life form, height class and habitat variables including percent bare earth, litter, rock/strew and soil type (clay percent). Fire history for the previous 25 years was also available from fire scar mapping. Species cover-abundance was estimated in the field using a modified Braun-Blanquet scale and later converted to a raw continuous variable based on the mid-point of the cover class: 1% (1-10 plants, <5% cover); 2% (sparsely present, <5% cover; 3% (plentiful but <5% cover); 15% (5 to 25% cover class); 37% (25 to 50% cover class); 63% (50 to 75% cover class). Buffel grass was recorded on the same scale. Plant species were vouchered and identification checked post-field by the South Australian Hebarium. Plant taxonomy reflects current names (as of 2015) in the Biological Databases of South Australia and taxonomy was aligned between the 1990s and 2020s decades. Recently some species have been split into multiple species (e.g. <em>Acacia aneura</em>, Mulga) but this latest taxonomy was not adopted to retain taxonomic alignment within the dataset. The raw mid-point percent cover was converted to relative percent cover by dividing each species’ (or groups’) raw cover by the summed cover of all species at that site (including buffel grass + understorey + overstorey species). Classification of plants into functional groups was based on field assessed (1) height class + (2) life form, and literature-derived (3) life strategy (perennial or annual) + (4) Native status to South Australia. Height classes were grouped into overstorey (>1m in height) and understorey (≤1m). Summed relative cover for each functional group per site is included in the site and cover data sets to facilitate modelling of cover with site variables. The plant species data sets is the full list of species and cover abundance recorded at each site which can be used for analysis of community composition, diversity, turnover or individual species change. Sensitive species (one species in this dataset) has had the coordinates denatured by 10km due according to the requirements of the Biological Database of South Australia for sensitive species. All coordinates provided in MGA 52 Eastings and Northings (UTM, Australian National Grid). </p> <p>The authors wish to acknowledge Traditional Owners and Aṉangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara (APY) Lands Organisation who gave permission for collaboration, data collection, photographs and reporting on and about their Traditional Lands. Data is jointly the Intellectual Property of Aṉangu as the Traditional Owners and the author team, and approval has been granted for research and publication use with appropriate acknowledgment of Aṉangu and the author team. The 1990s baseline data is also the Intellectual Property of the South Australian Government and is made publicly available under a licencing agreement with the Biological Databases of South Australia (licence number 2412). Many people assisted in the field during the 1990s and 2020s vegetation surveys and are wholly acknowledged. APY Land Management, Alinytjara Wilurara Landscape Board, Central Land Council, Ten Deserts Project, Charles Darwin University, South Australian Department for Environment and Water, State Herbarium of South Australia, Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment, Jill Landsberg Trust and Ecological Society of Australia all provided either funding and/or in-kind support of the project. Study conducted with APY Executive Board approval, South Australian Scientific Permit Q26782 and Northern Territory Wildlife Permit 63104. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Maximum height for the native vegetation in Minas Gerais State, Brazil
<p>Maximum height for native vegetation of Minas Gerais State (Brazil) based on GEDI measurements and environmental factors. The environmental layers included annual average temperature, annual average precipitation, terrain elevation, slope, number of cloud free days, number of months with precipitation below 100 mm. The GEDI height records were overlapped to the environmental layers, and filtered, considered the efficiency frontier.</p>
Data from: Historic deforestation and non-native plant invasions determine vegetation trajectories across an oceanic archipelago
<p>This archive contains data produced in a study of the vegetation trajectories of Ogasawara Islands in 77 years related to following article:</p> <p>Ohashi, H., Kato, H., Murao, M., Kato, H., Kawakami, K., Kurokawa, H., Oguro, M., Kimura, F., Niiyama, K., Matsui, T., and Shibata, M. (2024) Historic deforestation and non-native plant invasions determine vegetation trajectories across an oceanic archipelago. <em>Applied Vegetation Science</em>, 27 (1), e12767. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12767">https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12767</a></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Archive contents</strong><br>The archive contents are organized into five parts, each stored as a .zip compressed file.</p> <p><strong>X1_tif_original_vegmap_scan_georeference</strong></p> <p>Scanned and georeferenced original vegetation maps in GeoTiff format, which was drawn in 1935, scanned at 300 dpi. Coordinate reference system was set at WGS84 (ESPG: 4326).</p> <p>This directory includes:</p> <p><em>kitanoshima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>mukojima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>yomejima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>ototojima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>anijima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>nishijima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>chichijima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>hahajima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>mukohjima_isl_WGS84.tif<br>kitaiwoto_isl_WGS84.tif<br>iwoto_isl_WGS84.tif</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>X2_shp_vegmap</strong></p> <p>Shapefile of the geospatial polygon data of vegetation map of Ogasawara Islands surveyed in 1935, and stored as a .zip compressed file. Coordinate reference system was set at WGS84 (ESPG: 4326).</p> <p>This directory includes:</p> <p><em>VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.dbf<br>VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.prj<br>VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.shp<br>VegetationMap_OgasaawraIsl_1935_en_UTF8_v0.shx<br>attribute_ForSect_code_en.csv<br>attribute_Veg_name_en.csv<br>metadata_vegmap_shp_ogasawara1935_en.csv</em></p> <p>Following files includes Japanese character (which may corrupt in non-Japanese environment):</p> <p><em>attribute_ForSect_jp.csv<br>attribute_Veg_name_jp.csv<br>metadata_vegmap_shp_ogasawara1935_jp.csv</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>X3_tif_vegmap_converted_from_shp</strong></p> <p>Rasterized data of polygon data of vegetation map for analysis. Coordinate reference system was set at JGD2000 / Japan Plane Rectangular CS XIV (EPSG: 2456)</p> <p>This directory includes:</p> <p><em>vegmap_1935.zip (compressed “vegmap_1935.tif (0.7GB)”)<br>vegnap_1979.zip (compressed “vegmap_1979.tif (1.5GB)”)<br>vegmap_2011.zip (compressed “vegmap_2011.tif (1.5GB)”)<br>islcode_raster.zip (compressed “vegmap_2011.tif (1.5GB)”)<br>attribute_integratedveg_ecoltype.csv<br>attribute_vegid_1935.csv<br>attribute_vegid_1979.csv<br>attribute_vegid_2011.csv</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>X4_scanned_image_vegdata</strong></p> <p>Scanned images of original vegetation data in 1935.</p> <p>The directory includes:<br><em>vegetation_survey_sheet_1.pdf<br>vegetation_survey_sheet_2.pdf</em><br><em>vegetation_survey_sheet_3.pdf</em></p> <p> </p> <p><strong>X5_digitized_vegdata</strong></p> <p>Digitized vegetation data.</p> <p>The directory includes:<br><em>plot_species_abundance_matrix_v0.csv<br>plotinfo_v0.csv<br>attribute_Species_en_v0.csv</em></p> <p>Following file includes Japanese character (which may corrupt in non-Japanese environment)<br><em>attribute_Species_jp_v0.csv</em><br> </p> <p><strong>X6_code_for_analysis</strong></p> <p>Tentative.</p> <p> </p> <p>このアーカイブには、小笠原諸島の77年間の植生の変遷(1935年、1979年、2012年)に関するデータが含まれています。</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Grazing by non-native ungulates negatively impacts vegetation important to a native species of concern
<p>Non-native grazers compete with native species across the globe. In the northwestern Great Basin of the western United States competition among livestock, feral horses, and Greater Sage-grouse has been the subject of numerous legal actions and management policies, yet spatially explicit temporal data documenting the details of this competition are lacking. We present a novel approach to studying the composition of the herbaceous understory across three study areas within the Great Basin with different historic and contemporary grazing regimes. We surveyed the landscape using distance sampling for livestock and horse feces as an index of use. In addition, we surveyed the herbaceous understory of random sites as well as sites chosen by female Greater Sage-grouse to nest and brood their chicks. We used a novel Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework to link vegetation metrics with the spatial-temporal distribution of horses and livestock while accounting for observation error. When livestock and feral horses were not present, we found that Greater Sage-grouse chose sites with higher percentages of perennial grasses and forbs to build their nests and brood their chicks compared to what was available to them. As livestock increased, we found evidence for decreases in the percentage of perennial grasses, forbs, cheatgrass (<em>Bromus tectorum</em>), and increases in the amount of bare ground. These effects were consistent at available sites and brood sites, however, we found less evidence for an impact of livestock at nest sites. As feral horses increased, we observed similar results at available sites, but at sites chosen by females to nest and brood their chicks, we observed increases in the amount of invasive cheatgrass as feral horses increased, which could reflect attempts by Greater Sage-grouse to compensate for reductions in protective cover. We present a noninvasive approach to assess space use that can be applied to other species. More importantly, we document that grazing by non-native ungulates impacts components of the plant community important to Greater Sage-grouse reproduction. We provide spatial-temporal maps of livestock and feral horse use to aid managers attempting to balance the needs of livestock producers, feral horses, Greater Sage-grouse, and ecosystem function.</p>
Fig. 1 in Comparative Analysis Of Alien Red Oak (Quearcus Rubra L.) And Native Common Oak (Quercus Robur L.) Vegetation In Lithuania
Fig. 1. Detrented Correspondence Analysis of Quercus rubra () and Quercus robur of TilioCarpinetum stachyetosum () and Tilio-Carpinetum typicum types () plots
Data from: Grazing by non-native ungulates negatively impacts vegetation important to a native species of concern
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Replication data for: Conservation Gaps in Traditional Vegetables Native to Europe and Fennoscandia
<p>Vegetables are rich in vitamins and other micronutrients and are important crops for healthy diets and diversification of the food system, and many traditional (also termed underutilized or indigenous) species may play a role. The current study analyzed 35 vegetables with a European region of diversity with the effort to map the conservation status in Fennoscandia and beyond. We mapped georeferenced occurrences and current genebank holdings based on global databases and conducted conservation gaps analysis based on representativeness scores in situ and ex situ. Out of the 35 target species, 19 got at a high priority score for further conservation initiatives, while another 14 species got a medium priority score. We identified a pattern where traditional vegetables are poorly represented in genebank holdings. This corresponds well to a lack of attention in the scientific community measured in number of published papers. Considering the grand challenges ahead in terms of climate change, population growth and demand for sustainability, traditional vegetables deserve greater attention. Our contribution is to provide a basis for conservation priorities among the identified vegetables species native to Fennoscandia.</p>
Data from: Invasive Impatiens glandulifera: a driver of changes in native vegetation?
<p class="western"><span>Biological invasions are one of the major threats to biodiversity worldwide and contribute to changing community patterns and ecosystem processes. However, it is often not obvious whether an invader is the "driver" causing ecosystem changes or a "passenger" which is facilitated by previous ecosystem changes. Causality of the impact can be demonstrated by experimental removal of the invader or introduction into a native community. <span>Using such an experimental approach, we tested whether the impact of the invasive plant </span><i>Impatiens glandulifera</i><span> on native vegetation is causal,</span><i> </i><span>and whether the impact is habitat-dependent. We conducted a field study comparing invaded and uninvaded plots with plots from which </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> was removed and plots where </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> was planted within two riparian habitats, alder forests and meadows. A negative impact of planting</span><i> I. glandulifera</i><span> and a concurrent positive effect of removal</span><i> </i><span>on the native vegetation indicated a causal effect of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> on total native biomass and growth of </span><i>Urtica dioica</i><span>. Species </span><span>α</span><span>-diversity and composition were not affected by </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> manipulations. Thus,</span><i> I. glandulifera</i><span> had a causal but low effect on the native vegetation.</span><i> </i><span>The impact depended slightly on habitat as only the effect of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> planting on total biomass was slightly stronger in alder forests than meadows. We suggest that </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> is a "back-seat driver" of changes, which is facilitated by previous ecosystem changes but is also a driver of further changes. Small restrictions of growth of the planted </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> and general association of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> with disturbances indicate characteristics of a back-seat driver. For management of </span><i>I. glandulifera</i><span> populations this requires habitat restoration along with removal of the invader.</span></span></p>
Low-intensity cattle grazing is better than cattle exclusion to drive secondary savannas towards the features of native Cerrado vegetation
<p><span>Although livestock have been historically associated with land conversion and biodiversity loss, well-managed cattle grazing has been reported to contribute to conservation of open ecosystems. Knowing the balance between positive and negative effects of livestock (presence or exclusion) on different ecosystems is, therefore, crucial to support management decisions. </span><span>We conducted an experiment </span><span>in a secondary savanna with exotic grasses, used as pasture, to assess the effect of cattle presence in low density and cattle exclusion (in paired plots) on the trajectory of these ecosystems. Richness, composition and structure of the woody community, and exotic grass cover and biomass were compared between treatments in the beginning of the experiment and after seven years. At the end of the experiment, we also compared composition, richness, and density of the native ground layer. We verified that (a) cattle exclusion accelerates the undesirable woody encroachment, changes the species composition and leads to huge grass fuel accumulation, while (b) cattle grazing/browsing hinders changes in savanna structure and composition and reduces the exotic grass cover and biomass, thus favoring native herbaceous plants. By decreasing the grass biomass, cattle grazing also reduces the system flammability and, therefore, the risk and intensity of wildfires. Together, the positive effects of cattle presence and the negative effects of cattle exclusion lead to the conclusion that cattle should be maintained in these systems. Low-intensity cattle grazing limits woody and exotic grass invasion, improves native forb biodiversity, and help maintain </span><span>composition and structural features of secondary savannas of the Cerrado.</span></p>
Non-native vegetation encroachment drives functional turnover in island nematodes
<p>This community data matrix accompanies the manuscript "<span>Non-native vegetation encroachment drives functional turnover in island nematodes" by Adam Sharp, <span>Margarida Correia, Alan Gray, Rebecca Lawson, Martha Ledger, Noel Tawatao & Thomas Prior.</span></span></p>
The golden threat: Solidago invasion alters native plant-pollinator interactions through vegetative structures
<p>This folder includes all files that were used for the article entitled "The golden threat: <em>Solidago</em> invasion alters native plant-pollinator interactions through vegetative structures".</p> <p>It includes: a README file, the input data for the two research question (Q1 and Q2), the RData of the respective fitted models, the PDF of the main text and sup. mat. figues, and the Rscript to reproduce them. </p>
Low-intensity cattle grazing is better than cattle exclusion to drive secondary savannas towards the features of native Cerrado vegetation
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Data from: Invasive Impatiens glandulifera: a driver of changes in native vegetation?
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Human activities and native vegetation structure drive plant invasion in arid agricultural regions of northwest China
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Native annual forb and vegetation data for ten paired grazed and ungrazed prairies in coastal California grasslands at two time periods 15 years apart
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Supplementary material 3 from: Bieberich J, Feldhaar H, Lauerer M (2020) Micro-habitat and season dependent impact of the invasive Impatiens glandulifera on native vegetation. NeoBiota 57: 109-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.57.51331
Figure S1. Initial model of the piecewise structural equation modeling (SEM) for summer (A) and spring (B)
Supplementary material 4 from: Bieberich J, Feldhaar H, Lauerer M (2020) Micro-habitat and season dependent impact of the invasive Impatiens glandulifera on native vegetation. NeoBiota 57: 109-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.57.51331
Table S1. Result of the automated model selection approach identifying environmental variables that affected the cover of Impatiens glandulifera in summer 2016 and spring 2017
Supplementary material 7 from: Bieberich J, Feldhaar H, Lauerer M (2020) Micro-habitat and season dependent impact of the invasive Impatiens glandulifera on native vegetation. NeoBiota 57: 109-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.57.51331
Figure S3. Micro-habitat specific impact of I. glandulifera on the resident plant species composition
Evaluating impacts of non-native submerged aquatic vegetation on native nekton
<p>These data accompany the publication of the same name. We performed a quantitative meta-analysis to quantify impacts of non-native submerged aquatic vegetation on native crabs, fishes, and shrimps in coastal, estuarine, and marine systems. We found that nekton abundance, species richness, and biomass were the most assessed metrics of nekton performance. We extracted data from 35 studies and evaluated 11 response metrics related to inter-specific facilitation, restricting our analysis to studies that compared at least one of these metrics in nekton from co-occurring native and non-native SAV habitats in marine, coastal, or estuarine systems.</p>
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