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16 results for “natural resource management”
Data from: Value of information in natural resource management: technical developments and application to pink-footed geese
The "value of information" (VOI) is a generic term for the increase in value resulting from better information to guide management, or alternatively, the value foregone under uncertainty about the impacts of management (Yokota and Thompson, Medical Decision Making 2004; 24: 287). The value of information can be characterized in terms of several metrics, including the expected value of perfect information and the expected value of partial information. We extend the technical framework for the value of information by further developing the relationship between value metrics for partial and perfect information and describing patterns of their performance. We use two different expressions for the expected value of partial information to highlight its relationship to the expected value of perfect information. We also develop the expected value of partial information for hierarchical uncertainties. We highlight patterns in the value of information for the Svalbard population of the pink-footed goose (Anser brachyrhynchus), a population that is subject to uncertainty in both reproduction and survival functions. The framework for valuing information is seen as having widespread potential in resource decision making, and serves as a motivation for resource monitoring, assessment, and collaboration.
Data from: Flower resource and land management drives hoverfly communities and bee abundance in semi-natural and agricultural grasslands
1. Pollination is a key ecosystem service, and appropriate management, particularly in agricultural systems, is essential to maintain a diversity of pollinator guilds. However, management recommendations frequently focus on maintaining plant communities, with the assumption that associated invertebrate populations will be sustained. 2. We tested whether plant community, flower resources and soil moisture would influence hoverfly (Syrphidae) abundance and species richness in floristically-rich semi-natural and floristically-impoverished agricultural grassland communities in Wales (U.K.), and compared these to two Hymenoptera genera, Bombus and Lasioglossum. Interactions between environmental variables were tested using generalised linear modelling, and hoverfly community composition examined using canonical correspondence analysis. 3. There was no difference in hoverfly abundance, species richness, or bee abundance, between grassland types. There was a positive association between hoverfly abundance, species richness and flower abundance in unimproved grasslands. However, this was not evident in agriculturally improved grassland, possibly reflecting intrinsically low flower resource in these habitats, or the presence of plant species with low or relatively inaccessible nectar resources. There was no association between soil moisture content and hoverfly abundance or species richness. 4. Hoverfly community composition was influenced by agricultural improvement and the amount of flower resource. Hoverfly species with semi-aquatic larvae were associated with both semi-natural and agricultural wet grasslands, possibly because of localised larval habitat. Despite the absence of differences in hoverfly abundance and species-richness, distinct hoverfly communities are associated with marshy grasslands, agriculturally improved marshy grasslands and unimproved dry grasslands, but not with improved dry grasslands. 5. Grassland plant community cannot be used as a proxy for pollinator community. Management of grasslands should aim to maximise the pollinator feeding resource, as well as maintain plant communities. Retaining waterlogged ground may enhance the number of hoverflies with semi-aquatic larvae.
Data from: Signatures of selection for bonamiosis resistance in European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis): new genomic tools for breeding programs and management of natural resources
The European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) is a highly appreciated mollusk with an important aquaculture production throughout the 20th century, in addition to playing an important role on coastal ecosystems. Overexploitation of natural beds, habitat degradation, introduction of non-native species and epidemic outbreaks have severely affected this important resource, particularly, the protozoan parasite Bonamia ostreae, which is the main concern affecting its production and conservation. In order to identify genomic regions and markers potentially associated with bonamiosis resistance, six oyster beds distributed throughout the European Atlantic coast were sampled. Three of them have been exposed to this parasite since the early 1980's and showed some degree of innate resistance (long-term affected group, LTA), while the other three were free of B. ostreae at least until sampling date (naïve group, NV). A total of 14,065 SNPs were analyzed, including 37 markers from candidate genes and 14,028 from a medium density SNP array. Gene diversity was similar between LTA and NV groups suggesting no genetic erosion due to long term exposure to the parasite, and three population clusters were detected using the whole dataset. Tests for divergent selection between NV and LTA groups detected the presence of a very consistent set of 22 markers, located within a putative single genomic region, which suggests the presence of a major quantitative trait locus associated with B. ostreae resistance. Moreover, 324 outlier loci associated with factors other than bonamiosis were identified allowing fully discrimination of all the oyster beds. A practical tool which included the 84 highest discriminative markers for tracing O. edulis populations was developed and tested with empirical data. Results reported herein could assist the production of stocks with improved resistance to bonamiosis, and facilitate the management of oyster beds for recovery production and ecosystem services provided by this species.
Data from: Generic and specific facets of vulnerability for analyzing trade-offs and synergies in natural resource management
<p>1. The concept of vulnerability as the combination of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity to a stressor is gaining traction outside of the climate realm, opening new avenues to address contemporary sustainability issues more holistically. Yet, critical notions that underpin vulnerability have yet to be integrated into its application to natural resource management and non-climatic stressors. In particular, the way generic and stressor-specific facets of vulnerability interact and can inform decision-makers about how interventions combine and/or trade-off remains unexplored.</p> <p>2. Here, we investigate the salience of the generic/specific framing in the context of Chilean artisanal fishing communities engaged in rights-based co-management and experiencing pressures from two stressors: poaching and market volatility. Specifically, we draw on market data combined with socioeconomic surveys conducted with 446 members and leaders from 42 fisher unions to quantitatively investigate potential trade-offs and synergies between facets of vulnerability to poaching and markets.</p> <p>3. Generic adaptive capacity (i.e. flexibility, assets, learning, organization and agency) likely facilitated stressor-specific adaptive capacities to both stressors. High levels of specific adaptive capacity to one stressor neither increased exposure nor undermined specific adaptive capacity to the other stressor. However, adaptive capacity did not translate into exposure reduction as expected, suggesting that adaptation barriers may prevent fishers from mobilizing adaptive capacity into effective adaptive action.</p> <p>4. This study illustrates how breaking down vulnerability into generic and specific facets can help us better anticipate important trade-offs and synergies in management interventions. More generally, it highlights the potential of the climate adaptation and vulnerability literatures in informing place-based management of natural resources.</p>
Appendix 5: Supplementary data for Chapter 4 in the thesis: 'Quantifying the natural resource requirements of terrestrial ecosystems for managing biodiversity alongside human development'
<p>Appendix 5: Supplementary data for Chapter 4 in the thesis: 'Quantifying the natural resource requirements of terrestrial ecosystems for managing biodiversity alongside human development' by Adam R. Mason, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London</p>
Appendix 4: Supplementary data for Chapter 3 in the thesis: 'Quantifying the natural resource requirements of terrestrial ecosystems for the management of biodiversity alongside human development'
<p>Appendix 4: Supplementary data for Chapter 3 in the thesis: 'Quantifying the natural resource requirements of terrestrial ecosystems for managing biodiversity alongside human development' by Adam R. Mason, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London</p>
Appendix 6: Supplementary data for Chapter 5 in the thesis: 'Quantifying the natural resource requirements of terrestrial ecosystems for managing biodiversity alongside human development'
<p>Appendix 6: Supplementary data for Chapter 5 in the thesis: 'Quantifying the natural resource requirements of terrestrial ecosystems for managing biodiversity alongside human development' by Adam R. Mason, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London</p>
Data from: Flower resource and land management drives hoverfly communities and bee abundance in semi-natural and agricultural grasslands
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Data from: Generic and specific facets of vulnerability for analyzing trade-offs and synergies in natural resource management
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Data from: Signatures of selection for bonamiosis resistance in European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis): new genomic tools for breeding programs and management of natural resources
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Data from: Value of information in natural resource management: technical developments and application to pink-footed geese
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Data from: Women are underrepresented on the editorial boards of journals in environmental biology and natural resource management
Despite women earning similar numbers of graduate degrees as men in STEM disciplines, they are underrepresented in upper level positions in both academia and industry. Editorial board memberships are an important example of such positions; membership is both a professional honor in recognition of achievement and an opportunity for professional advancement. We surveyed 10 highly regarded journals in environmental biology, natural resource management, and plant sciences to quantify the number of women on their editorial boards and in positions of editorial leadership (i.e., Associate Editors and Editors-in-Chief) from 1985 to 2013. We found that during this time period only 16% of subject editors were women, with more pronounced disparities in positions of editorial leadership. Although the trend was towards improvement over time, there was surprising variation between journals, including those with similar disciplinary foci. While demographic changes in academia may reduce these disparities over time, we argue journals should proactively strive for gender parity on their editorial boards. This will both increase the number of women afforded the opportunities and benefits that accompany board membership and increase the number of role models and potential mentors for early-career scientists and students.
Data from: Women are underrepresented on the editorial boards of journals in environmental biology and natural resource management
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Stark et al. 2022_Linkages Between Participatory Natural Resource Management and Democratic Outcomes: A Review of the Evidence (Annex 2 and 5)
<p>Technical Brief_Linkages Between Participatory Natural Resource Management and Democratic Outcomes: A Review of the Evidence </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Activity Title: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>Integrated Natural Resource Management</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Sponsoring USAID Office: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>Center for Environment, Energy, and Infrastructure</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Contract Number: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>7200AA20F00010</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Task Order Number: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>STARR II – 7200AA18D00020</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Period of Performance: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>July 30, 2020 – July 19, 2025</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Contracting Officer: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>Stella Alexander-Sergeeff</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>COR: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>Ioana Bouvier</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Ceiling Price: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>$34,976,131</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Contractor: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>DAI</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Date of Publication: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>April 2022</p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Author: </strong></p> </td> <td> <p>Jeffrey Stark, Samantha H. Cheng, Erin Betley, Susan Telingator</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table>
Natural Resource Management Index (NRMI), 2010 Release
The Natural Resource Management Index (NRMI), 2010 Release is a composite index for 157 countries derived from the average of four proximity-to-target indicators for eco-region protection (weighted average percentage of biomes under protected status), access to improved sanitation, access to improved water and child mortality. The 2010 release of the NRMI includes time series NRMIs for 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010. Note that the NRMIs for 2006-2008 provided in this release are not directly comparable to those found in the 2006-2008 releases of the NRMI owing to changes in data and methods. The data set is produced and distributed by the Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) in collaboration with the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy (YCELP), Yale University.
Natural Resource Management Index (NRMI), 2011 Release
The Natural Resource Management Index (NRMI), 2011 Release is a composite index for 174 countries derived from the average of four proximity-to-target indicators for eco-region protection (weighted average percentage of biomes under protected status), access to improved sanitation, access to improved water and child mortality. The 2011 release of the NRMI includes a consistent time series of NRMIs for 2006 to 2011. In addition, the 2011 release includes two new indicators that will eventually supplant the NRMI: a Natural Resource Protection Indicator (NRPI) that is solely composed of the eco-region protection indicator, and a Child Health Indicator (CHI), which is an unweighted average of the proximtiy-to-target scores for access to water, access to sanitation, and child mortality. The data set is produced and distributed by the Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) in collaboration with the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy (YCELP), Yale University.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.