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19 results for “nest distance”
Supplementary material for "Playback experiments highlight the importance of nearest-neighbor distance and social information for nest site selection in the House Martin (Delichon urbicum)"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Understanding nest site selection is crucial for species conservation. Bird conservation often involves installing nesting aids to increase nest site availability and induce colonization of unoccupied sites. However, prospecting individuals must find nesting aids, which may be facilitated by social information. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of artificial nests and playback in the declining, migratory House Martin <em>Delichon urbicum</em>. We selected unoccupied sites with artificial nests along a distance gradient to occupied sites and broadcasted conspecific vocalizations during prospection times of House Martins in both the post- and the following pre-breeding periods. Visitation and colonization rates increased considerably in proximity to occupied sites. Playback during the post-breeding and pre-breeding periods enhanced visitation rates, while pre-breeding-only and post-breeding-only playback had smaller positive effects. Colonization rate increased exclusively with pre-breeding-only playback. Colonized playback and non-playback sites had similar breeding success, indicating that playback did not create ecological traps by attracting House Martins to suboptimal sites. Hence, broadcasting conspecific vocalizations informs prospecting birds of nest site availability, thereby increasing visitation, and to some degree, colonization of unoccupied House Martin sites. To boost colonization, we recommend installing artificial House Martin nests within approximately 500 meters of occupied sites and using playback of conspecific vocalizations.</p>
Fig. 4 – Cluster analysis results for the distance from which ants mobilize from the nest. 4 in Mobilization Strategies in Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 4 – Cluster analysis results for the distance from which ants mobilize from the nest. 4th cluster: F cin – Formica cinerea; 3rd cluster: F. fus – F. fusca; M. rub – Myrmica rubra; M. mut – Messor muticus; M. rug – Myrmica ruginodis; L. bru – Lasius brunneus; D. qua – Dolichoderus quadripunctatus; L. nig – Lasius niger; L. pla – L. platythorax; L. neg U – L. neglectus; T. cae – Tetramorium caespitum; T. err – Tapinoma erraticum; Temn – Temnothorax sp.; P. pal – Plagiolepis pallescens; L. ace – Leptothorax acervorum; S. fug – Solenopsis fugax; P. tau – Plagiolepis tauricus; T. arm – Tetramorium armatum; M. sal – Myrmica salina; M. spe – M. specioides; F. cun – Formica cunicularia; L. ema – Lasius emarginatus; F. ruf – Formica rufibarbis; F. cla – F. clara; C. aet – Camponotus aethiops; 2nd cluster: F. tru – Formica truncorum; L. ful – Lasius fuliginosus; C. vag – Camponotus vagus; F. pra – Formica pratensis; 1st cluster: F. rufa – Formica rufa; F. pol – F. polyctena; C. sub U – Crematogaster subdentata.
Distance to the edge and other landscape features influence nest predation in grey partridges
<p><span>Predation and habitat deterioration are the main reasons for the strong decline of ground-nesting farmland birds such as the grey partridge <em>Perdix</em> <em>perdix</em> in Europe. Grey partridge nests and incubating females are especially vulnerable to predation. We have previously demonstrated that predator activity is much lower inside flower blocks (agri-environment schemes sown with a flower seed mix) than at their edges and that predator activity in flower blocks depends on the surrounding landscape. Here, we investigate whether these differences in predator activity translate into differences in grey partridge nest predation and assess predation patterns relative to landscape and nest site characteristics. We recorded the success of 56 nests of radio-tagged grey partridges between 2009–2017 in an agricultural landscape in Central Germany. We used Bayesian logistic regression to analyse the effects of nest site and landscape characteristics on nest predation on a subset of 46 nests (21 nests successful, 25 predated). Distance to the edge of the nesting habitat was the most important predictor, reducing predation probability from 66.8% at the edge to 18.5% at 85.5 m. Predation probability decreased with increasing length of habitat borders, habitat diversity and the area of permanent grasslands and fallows. Predation probability was higher further from settlements and increased with increasing woodland area in the agricultural matrix. When considering linear landscape structures, nest predation patterns matched the patterns of predator activity from our previous studies. Results suggest that the distance to the edge of the nesting habitat is most important, and that nest predation may be reduced by providing sufficiently broad nesting habitats. Nest predation may further be minimized by increasing habitat diversity and coverage of extensive vegetation types and by establishing conservation measures for grey partridges further away from woodlands. These measures may also benefit other ground-nesting farmland birds. </span></p>
Predator exclosures increase nest success but reduce adult survival and increase dispersal distance of Piping Plovers, indicating exclosures should be used with caution
<p>Diagnosing unsuccessful population outcomes for endangered species requires understanding relationships among vital rates, ecological conditions, and management variables, including unintended consequences of management actions. The federally-threatened Piping Plover (<em>Charadrius melodus</em>) has remained below recovery goals, despite intensive management, including the use of nest exclosures to protect eggs from predation. We studied ecological factors and management actions affecting nest success, survival, site fidelity, and dispersal of the New Jersey, USA population of Piping Plovers over a seven-year period, focused on evaluating the impact of exclosures on demography. While exclosures increased nest success by 62% over a 34-day period, exclosed nests were 4.7 times more likely to be abandoned, which was likely a consequence of adult mortality. Abandoned nests were associated with lower adult survival, particularly for males, but there was evidence that site fidelity was greater for birds whose last nest was exclosed vs. unexclosed. Regardless of exclosure status, females who abandoned their first nesting attempt dispersed 10 times farther between attempts than those whose first nest attempts were lost to other causes. Moreover, females that abandoned their last nesting attempts dispersed farther than females that lost their last nest to predation or flooding. This difference was more substantial for males. Our results corroborate studies documenting adverse impacts of exclosures on survival, and, for the first time, demonstrate that surviving mates (particularly females) emigrate from the breeding site, resulting in a realized loss of a local breeding pair. Further, we used an online population project model (i.e., PiperEx) to demonstrate that exclosures are not expected to improve growth rates in New Jersey. We conclude that there is a tradeoff among increased nest survival, reduced adult survival and increased emigration rates, and we encourage managers to consider whether exclosures are worth the protection of eggs from predators using online decision support tools.</p>
Predator exclosures increase nest success but reduce adult survival and increase dispersal distance of Piping Plovers, indicating exclosures should be used with caution
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Distance to the edge and other landscape features influence nest predation in grey partridges
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The significance of genetic distance and nest occupation on the worker-worker similarity of gut bacterial microbiome and cuticular hydrocarbon profile in a sweat bee
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Data from: Pollen diet, more than geographic distance, shapes provision microbiome composition in two species of cavity-nesting bees
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Data from: Gene flow across large distances in the cavity-nesting wasp Deuteragenia subintermedia in a central European forest
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Data from: Going the distance: Influence of distance between boat noise and nest site on the behavior of paternal smallmouth bass
<p>The effects of anthropogenic noise have garnered significant attention in marine ecosystems, but comparatively less is known about its impacts on freshwater ecosystems. For fish that provide parental care, the effects of acoustic disturbance could have fitness-level consequences if nest tending behavior is altered. This study explored the effects of motorboat noise on the parental behavior of nesting male smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu; Lacépède, 1802), an important freshwater game fish in North America that provides sole paternal care to offspring. Specifically, we evaluated how boat noise proximity to a bass nest (ranging from 4.5 to 90 m) influenced paternal care behaviors. A total of 73 fish were exposed to a 3-min motorboat playback designed to simulate a boat sound that typically occurs in areas near littoral nesting sites. The fish were video recorded, and their behaviors were analyzed before, during, and after exposure to the playback. Residency time was the only behavioral metric to be adversely affected by noise playbacks but only when in close proximity to the speaker. Our results suggest that boat noise may have an impact on bass reproductive fitness in specific contexts where combustion motors are used near shore during the nesting period. The largely null findings may indicate a resilience to boat noise and/or habituation to the noise. In addition, boats displace water and create waves that represent another form of disturbance that could be experienced by fish but was not simulated here. Future research should integrate behavioral and physiological responses to boat noise and other aspects of boat disturbance to better understand the fitness impacts of boating activity on freshwater fish.</p>
Data from: Bumble bee nest abundance, foraging distance, and host-plant reproduction: implications for management and conservation
Recent reports of global declines in pollinator species imply an urgent need to assess the abundance of native pollinators and density-dependent benefits for linked plants. In this study, we investigated (1) pollinator nest distributions and estimated colony abundances, (2) the relationship between abundances of foraging workers and the number of nests they represent, (3) pollinator foraging ranges, and (4) the relationship between pollinator abundance and plant reproduction. We examined these questions in an alpine ecosystem in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, focusing on four alpine bumble bee species (Bombus balteatus, B. flavifrons, B. bifarius, and B. sylvicola), and two host plants that differ in their degrees of pollinator specialization (Trifolium dasyphyllum and T. parryi). Using microsatellites, we found that estimated colony abundances among Bombus species ranged from ~18 to 78 colonies/0.01 km2. The long-tongued species B. balteatus was most common, especially high above treeline, but the subalpine species B. bifarius was unexpectedly abundant for this elevation range. Nests detected among sampled foragers of each species were correlated with the number of foragers caught. Foraging ranges were smaller than expected for all Bombus species, ranging from 25 to 110 m. Fruit set for the specialized plant, Trifolium parryi, was positively related to the abundance of its Bombus pollinator. In contrast, fruit set for the generalized plant, T. dasyphyllum, was related to abundance of all Bombus species. Because forager abundance was related to nest abundance of each Bombus species and was an equally effective predictor of plant fecundity, forager inventories are probably suitable for assessing the health of outcrossing plant populations. However, nest abundance, rather than forager abundance, better reflects demographic and genetic health in populations of eusocial pollinators such as bumble bees. Development of models incorporating the parameters we have measured here (nest abundance, forager abundance, and foraging distance) could increase the usefulness of foraging worker inventories in monitoring, managing, and conserving pollinator populations.
Data from: Impacts of nest predators and weather on reproductive success and population limitation in a long-distance migratory songbird
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Data from: Bumble bee nest abundance, foraging distance, and host-plant reproduction: implications for management and conservation
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Data from: Going the distance: Influence of distance between boat noise and nest site on the behavior of paternal smallmouth bass
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Population decline of a long-distance migratory passerine at the edge of its range: nest predation, nest replacement, and immigration
<p class="CxSpFirst">The relative importance of predators and resources (i.e., food) for the dynamics of migratory bird populations is poorly known. Resource availability may be more likely in resource poor environments, but given that nest failure in most systems is due mainly to predation, predator effects may predominate. We document a rapid decline of an isolated Eastern Kingbird (<i>Tyrannus tyrannus</i>) population breeding in the Great Basin Desert of eastern Oregon, USA, and evaluate whether it was driven by limited food resources (water availability ~ food), nest predation, or first-year or adult return rate (RR<sub>J</sub> and RR<sub>A</sub>, respectively) that reflect nonbreeding season events. Most nests failed (~68% of nests) due mainly to nest predation (>90% of failures); nestling starvation was rare. Bioyear precipitation (October-April), breeding season precipitation, and river flow all varied widely but none could account for annual variation in either nest success (NS) or fledging success of successful nest (FSSN). Neither RR<sub>J</sub> nor RR<sub>A</sub> varied with year, any measure of water resources, or reproductive success. Annual population growth rate (ln[N<sub>t+1</sub>/N<sub>t</sub>]) was independent of year, all measures of water availability, RR<sub>J</sub> and RR<sub>A</sub>, and NS of replacement nests, but was high following years of high NS of initial nests; FSSN was also higher in years of high NS. High rates of nest predation, due likely to the expansion of the local American Crow (<i>Corvus brachyrhynchos</i>) population, appeared to drive the population decline. Empirical data and population simulations indicated that replacement nests contributed little to λ, while simulations revealed that, given site-specific vital rates, the decline would have been even greater without immigration (λ = 0.812) than the observed (λ = 0.914). Long distance dispersal may thus be critical for persistence of kingbirds in the naturally highly fragmented habitat that it occupies in the Great Basin Desert.</p>
Data from: Temporal factors and distance to human settlement affect nest survival of the endangered Yellow-headed Parrot in Belize, Central America
<p>The endangered Yellow-headed Parrot (<em>Amazona oratrix</em>) has experienced a considerable reduction in abundance and distribution. Identifying natural and anthropogenic causes of nest failure is a critical step towards developing conservation actions that increase nest survival. In this study, we examined daily nest survival in relation to temporal, habitat and anthropogenic factors, as well as nest site properties. We monitored nests (<em>n </em>= 124) across six study sites in Belize during 2017 and 2018 and independently modeled the effects of predation, abandonment and poaching on daily nest survival rates. Overall, the estimated cumulative nest survival probability was 0.18 (95% CI = 0.12 – 0.25). Predation was the main cause of nest failure, followed by abandonment and poaching. Our results showed that nest predation and abandonment usually occurred early in the nesting cycle. Day within the nesting season negatively influenced daily survival for abandoned nests and had a quadratic effect on survival for poached nests.<strong> </strong>Poaching events occurred at a specific date range later in the season, with nests farther from the nearest human settlement having higher daily survival. Findings from this study highlight the additive mortality effect that nest poaching is having on Yellow-headed Parrot populations in Belize and show that managers can anticipate the timing and location of nests most vulnerable to poaching.<span> </span></p>
Data from: Escape distance in ground-nesting birds differs with individual level of camouflage
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Data from: Temporal factors and distance to human settlement affect nest survival of the endangered Yellow-headed Parrot in Belize, Central America
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Population decline of a long-distance migratory passerine at the edge of its range: nest predation, nest replacement, and immigration
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Allen Brain Atlas
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Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.