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88 results for “nest habitat”
Soil nutrients sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains soil nutrient content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations. This dataset contains chemical analyses for the soil samples collected for each of the three sites, including total nitrogen, (ammonium, nitrate), inorganic phosphorus, and exchangeable cations (K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+). Also included is below ground biomass from five ant nests for each of the three sites. This study was completed in 1987.
Soil organic matter content sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains soil organic matter content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations. This dataset contains percent (%) organic matter content measured by mass-loss on combustion in a muffle furnace. This study was completed in 1987.
Gravimetric soil water content sampled in and around harvester ant nests in three habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1987
This dataset contains gravimetric soil water content measurements from harvester ant nests and reference soils in three nesting habitats at the Jornada Basin LTER site in 1987. The purpose of this investigation was to answer three general questions: 1. How does the modification of soil properties and the ratios of resources (e.g., water-N) by ants alter species assemblages of winter annual plants at the edge of the ant nests? 2. How does the "spring cleaning", clipping, predation or herbivory by ants affect success of the winter annual plants at the edge of ant nests? 3. Are there significant differences in the floristic assemblage and belowground standing crop (root biomass) between the edge of ant nest and the surrounding unaffected soils? Five ant nests and paired (non-nest) reference soils were sampled in three study locations on a monthly schedule from January to May 1987. This dataset contains percent (%) soil water content in these samples determined using the gravimetric method. This study was completed in 1987.
Data from: Accounting for predator species identity reveals variable relationships between nest predation rate and habitat in a temperate forest songbird
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>Nest predation is the primary cause of nest failure in most ground-nesting bird species. Investigations of relationships between nest predation rate and habitat usually pool different predator species. However, such relationships likely depend on the specific predator involved, partly because habitat requirements vary among predator species. Pooling may therefore impair our ability to identify conservation-relevant relationships between nest predation rate and habitat. We investigated predator-specific nest predation rates in the forest-dependent, ground-nesting wood warbler <em>Phylloscopus sibilatrix </em>in relation to forest area and forest edge complexity at two spatial scales, and to the composition of the adjacent habitat matrix. We used camera traps at 559 nests to identify nest predators in five study regions across Europe. When analysing predation data pooled across predator species, nest predation rate was positively related to forest area at the local scale (1,000 m around nest), and higher where proportion of grassland in the adjacent habitat matrix was high but arable land low. Analyses by each predator species revealed variable relationships between nest predation rates and habitat. At the local scale, nest predation by most predators was higher where forest area was large. At the landscape scale (10,000 m around nest), nest predation by buzzards <em>Buteo buteo</em> was high where forest area was small. Predation by pine martens Martes martes was high where edge complexity at the landscape scale was high. Predation by badgers <em>Meles meles </em>was high where the matrix had much grassland but little arable land. Our results suggest that relationships between nest predation rates and habitat can depend on the predator species involved and may differ from analyses disregarding predator identity. Predator-specific nest predation rates, and their relationships to habitat at different spatial scales, should be considered when assessing the impact of habitat change on avian nesting success.</p>
American Goshawk habitat data from nest stands and random points within the Minidoka Ranger District, Sawtooth National Forest, USA
This data supported analysis of American Goshawk (Astur atricapillus) nest stand habitat and was collected within the Minidoka Ranger District of the Sawtooth National Forest in southern Idaho and northern Utah from 2017-2020. The central goal of this research was to develop management tools that demonstrate the utility of conducting analyses at multiple spatial scales as well as using both parametric and machine learning approaches. The stand-level dataset includes variables collected by hand in the field at nest stands and paired random forested sites 300 meters away. It also includes some terrain variables based on remote sensing data. Variables included in the stand-level data table include nest, distance to edge, distance to road, distance to water, division, dominant tree species, canopy closure, Stand Density Index (SDI), Trees per hectare, elevation, slope, Topographic Position Index (TPI), northness, eastness, Diameter at Breast Height (DBH), DBH variance, tree height, tree height variance, and crown depth. We recommend that the stand-level data be used to identify relevant variables and their thresholds for forest managers due to its high resolution. The forest-wide dataset includes only variables collected using various remote sensing datasets at nests and random forested points throghout the Minidoka Ranger District of the Sawtooth National Forest. Variables included in the forest-wide data table include nest, canopy closure, elevation, slope, TPI, northness, eastness, distance to road, distance to water, distance to edge, tree height, and crown depth. We recommend that the forest-wide data be used to identify areas of high suitability for goshawk occupancy across the study area along with sites that could become suitable habitat with management intervention. Latitude and longitude data, while used in our analyses, are excluded from the data tables to protect breeding goshawks from disturbance.
Nest-mediated seed dispersal study from mixed habitats in North Georgia and Western North Carolina
Many plant seeds travel on the wind and through animal ingestion or adhesion; however, an overlooked dispersal mode may lurk within those dispersal modes. Viable seeds may remain attached or embedded within materials birds gather for nest building. Our objective was to determine if birds inadvertently transport seeds when they forage for plant materials to build, insulate, and line nests. We also hypothesized that nest-mediated dispersal might be particularly useful for plants that use mating systems with self-fertilized seeds embedded in their stems. We gathered bird nests in temperate forests and fields in eastern North America and germinated the plant material. We also employed experimental nest boxes and performed nest dissections to rule out airborne and fecal contamination. We found that birds collect plant stem material and mud for nest construction and inadvertently transport the seeds contained within. Experimental nest boxes indicated that bird nests were not passive recipients of seeds (e.g., carried on wind), but arrived in the materials used to construct nests. We germinated 144 plant species from the nests of 23 bird species. A large proportion of the nest germinants were graminoids containing self-fertilized seeds inside stems—suggesting that nest dispersal may be an adaptive benefit of closed mating systems. Avian nest building appears as a dispersal pathway for hundreds of plant species, including many non-native species, at distances of at least 100–200 m. We propose a new plant dispersal guild to describe this phenomenon, caliochory (calio = Greek for nest).
Concrete habitat: Impervious surface in nest vicinity is associated with avian fitness decline in two urban adapters
<p>The conversion of natural habitats to impervious surfaces in cities affects biotic and abiotic attributes of urban ecosystems. Detailed information on the gradual influence of impervious surfaces on reproductive success, however, is lacking. Using five years of nestbox-breeding great tit and blue tit breeding data collected across various habitat types within and outside a Central-Eastern European capital city, we quantified the impact of impervious surfaces on avian reproductive success. Impervious surfaces strongly and negatively covaried with the number of fledged young in both species: a 50% increase in impervious surface resulted in 2.93 (95% CI: -4.27; -1.58) fewer blue tit offspring fledging the nest, and 3.51 (95% CI: -4.79; -2.23) fewer great tit offspring fledging the nest, thus halving the reproductive output of two widespread urban species. These results provide benchmark values of avian productivity for ecologists and urban policy makers, and for the management of urban areas.</p>
Fig. 3 in Black Tern Nest-Site Fidelity In An Unstable Habitat: A Preliminary Study
Fig. 3. The distribution of Black Tern colonies at the northern part of Kaniv water reservoir. The only colonies shown here are those where the returns of birds, which had been marked in 2012–2019, were recorded.
Fig. 1 in The use of root plates for nesting sites by Anthophora abrupta (Hymenoptera: Apidae) may be common within forested habitats
Fig. 1. Root plate examples from Green River Game Lands (North Carolina), Fontainebleau State Park (Louisiana), and Mud Creek (Alabama). Map depicts physiographic provinces and relative locations of root plate sites. Upper right picture shows close-up of Anthophora abrupta turrets from BS root plate. BS = Bluebonnet Swamp Nature Center (Louisiana), FB = Fontainebleau State Park (Louisiana), GR = Green River Game Lands (North Carolina), MC = Mud Creek (Alabama), SL = Salem Lake (North Carolina).
Figure 3 in Botanical composition and structure of hummingbird nests in different habitats from northwestern Patagonia (Argentina)
Figure 3. (a, b) Nests of the Green-backed Firecrown Sephanoides sephaniodes: (a) inner cup showing pappi as lining material; (b) nest collected from an urban site, with manufactured cotton in the outer layer. (c, d) Nest of White-sided Hillstar Oreotrochilus leucopleurus: (c) lateral view of nest covered by sheep's wool and feathers (reference in cm); (d) upper view, the cup opening is hardly noticeable due to soft materials present. Photographs: the authors.
Figure 1. Study area and collections sites. A in Botanical composition and structure of hummingbird nests in different habitats from northwestern Patagonia (Argentina)
Figure 1. Study area and collections sites. A, Puerto Blest; B, Saltillo las Nalcas; C, Llao-Llao; D, Cascada la Virgen on Route 258; E, northern margin of Lake Moreno; F, downtown Bariloche city; G, Arroyo Verde in Villa Traful; H, Leleque; I, Lake Queñi.
Figure 2 in Botanical composition and structure of hummingbird nests in different habitats from northwestern Patagonia (Argentina)
Figure 2. Nests of the Green-backed Firecrown Sephanoides sephaniodes. (a) Incubating female sitting in a nest camouflaged in a dense bamboo thicket; (b) upper view of an active nest; (c) nest showing lateral attachment to substrate, and pieces of bamboo leaves in the outer layer; (d) bulky nest built on a pre-existent cup. Photographs: (a, b) L. Sympson; (c, d) the authors.
Habitat geometry rather than visual acuity limits the visibility of a ground-nesting bird's clutch to terrestrial predators
<p><span>The nests of ground-nesting birds rely heavily on camouflage for their survival, and predation risk, often linked to ecological changes from human activity, is a major source of mortality. </span>Numerous ground-nesting bird populations are in decline, so understanding the effects of camouflage on their nesting behaviour is of relevance to their conservation concern. Habitat three-dimensional (3D) geometry together with predator visual abilities, viewing distance, and viewing angle determine whether a nest is either visible, occluded or too far away to detect. While this link is intuitive, few studies have investigated how fine-scale geometry is likely to help defend nests from different predator guilds. We quantified nest visibility based on 3D occlusion, camouflage, and predator visual modelling in northern lapwing, <em>Vanellus vanellus</em>, on different land management regimes. <span>Lapwings selected local backgrounds that had a higher 3D complexity at a spatial scale greater than their entire clutches compared to local control sites. Importantly, our findings show that habitat geometry – rather than predator visual acuity – restricts nest visibility to terrestrial predators, and that their field habitats perceived by humans as open are functionally closed with respect to a terrestrial predator searching for nests on the ground. </span>Taken together with lapwings' careful nest site selection, our findings highlight the importance of considering habitat geometry for understanding the evolutionary ecology and management of conservation sites for ground-nesting birds.</p>
Saffron-cowled Blackbirds' reduced nest success in Argentina's agricultural land highlights the importance of non-agricultural habitat for its conservation
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Rural children know cavity-nesting birds of the Atlantic Forest but may underappreciate their critical habitat
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Habitat geometry rather than visual acuity limits the visibility of a ground-nesting bird's clutch to terrestrial predators
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Data from: Sound settlement: noise surpasses land cover in explaining breeding habitat selection of secondary cavity-nesting birds
Birds breeding in heterogeneous landscapes select nest sites by cueing in on a variety of factors from landscape features and social information to the presence of natural enemies. We focus on determining the relative impact of anthropogenic noise on nest site occupancy, compared to amount of forest cover, which is known to strongly influence the selection process. We examine chronic, industrial noise from natural gas wells directly measured at the nest box as well as site-averaged noise, using a well-established field experimental system in northwestern New Mexico. We hypothesized that high levels of noise, both at the nest site and in the environment, would decrease nest box occupancy. We set up nest boxes using a geospatially paired control and experimental site design and analyzed four years of occupancy data from four secondary cavity-nesting birds common to the Colorado Plateau. We found different effects of noise and landscape features depending on species, with strong effects of noise observed in breeding habitat selection of Myiarchus cinerascens, the Ash-throated Flycatcher, and Sialia currucoides, the Mountain Bluebird. In contrast, the amount of forest cover less frequently explained habitat selection for those species or had a smaller standardized effect than the acoustic environment. Although forest cover characterization and management is commonly employed by natural resource managers, our results show that characterizing and managing the acoustic environment should be an important tool in protected area management.
Data from: Influences of species interactions with aggressive ants and habitat filtering on nest colonization and community composition of arboreal twig-nesting ants
Ant community assembly is driven by many factors including species interactions (e.g. competition, predation, parasitism), habitat filtering (e.g. vegetation differences, food and nesting resources), and dispersal. Canopy ant communities, including dominant and twig-nesting ants, are structured by all these different factors, but we know less about the impacts of species interactions and habitat filters acting at the colonization or recruitment stage. We examined occupation of artificial twig nests placed in shade trees in coffee agroecosystems. We asked whether species interactions -- aggression from the dominant canopy ant, Azteca sericeasur (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) -- or habitat filtering -- species of tree where nests were placed, tree size, or surrounding vegetation -- influence colonization, species richness, and community composition of twig-nesting ants. We found 20 species of ants occupying artificial nests. Nest occupation was lower on trees with A. sericeasur, but did not differ depending on tree species or surrounding vegetation. Yet, there were species-specific differences in occupation depending on A. sericeasur presence and tree species. Ant species richness did not vary with A. sericeasur presence or tree species. Community composition varied with A. sericeasur presence, tree height, and surrounding vegetation. Our results suggest that species interactions with dominant ants are important determinants of colonization and community composition of twig-nesting ants. Habitat filtering by tree species did not affect twig-nesting ants, but changes in tree size or coffee management may contribute to differences in community composition with important implications for ant conservation in agricultural landscapes, as well as biological control of coffee pests.
Figure 1. - Nesting habitat of Xylocopanasalis; A nesting habitat of Xylocopanasalis on a makeshift roof of a restaurant in Suan Pheung district, Ratch Buri province, Thailand. The red arrows indicate locations where the bamboo culms were arranged ca. 2.50 m above the ground (1a and 1b). At the nest entrance, the female of Xylocopanasalis was dehydrating the nectar previously foraged (1c).
Figure 1. - Nesting habitat of Xylocopanasalis; A nesting habitat of Xylocopanasalis on a makeshift roof of a restaurant in Suan Pheung district, Ratch Buri province, Thailand. The red arrows indicate locations where the bamboo culms were arranged ca. 2.50 m above the ground (1a and 1b). At the nest entrance, the female of Xylocopanasalis was dehydrating the nectar previously foraged (1c).
Carole Niffenegger, Sebastian Dirren, Christian Schano, Fränzi Korner-Nievergelt (2023) Data from : Natural nest cavities in a high elevation habitat provide a more constant thermal environment than human-made nest cavities
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Nest cavities with suitable thermal conditions can provide fitness benefits for birds through reduced thermoregulatory cost. Insulation can however vary between natural and human-made cavities. While several studies have assessed cavity temperatures, research from high elevation habitats, where environmental conditions are particularly variable, is still scarce. We compared temperature profiles of vacant natural and human-made nest cavities of white-winged snowfinches <i>Montifringilla nivalis</i>, a high elevation cavity nestling species. Human-made cavities experienced more extreme temperatures, with potential consequences for offspring viability, bringing into question their suitability as conservation measure, particularly as extreme temperature events become more frequent. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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