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12 results for “niche dimensions”
Data from: Integrating isotopic and nutritional niches reveals multiple dimensions of individual diet specialisation in a marine apex predator
<ol> <li>Dietary specializations are important determinants of ecological structure, particularly in species with high per-capita trophic influence like marine apex predators. These species are, however, among the most challenging in which to establish spatiotemporally integrated diets.</li> <li>We introduce a novel integration of stable isotopes with a multidimensional nutritional niche framework that addresses the challenges of establishing spatiotemporally integrated nutritional niches in wild populations, and apply the framework to explore individual diet specialization in a marine apex predator, the white shark (<em>Carcharodon carcharias</em>).</li> <li>Sequential tooth files were sampled from juvenile white sharks to establish individual isotopic (δ-space; δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N, δ<sup>34</sup>S) niche specialization. Bayesian mixing models were then used to reveal individual-level prey (p-space) specialization, and further combined with nutritional geometry models to quantify the nutritional (N-space) dimensions of individual specialization and their relationships to prey use.</li> <li>Isotopic and mixing model analyses indicated juvenile white sharks as individual specialists within a broader, generalist, population niche. Individual sharks differed in their consumption of several important mesopredator species, which suggested among-individual variance in trophic roles in either pelagic or benthic food webs. However, variation in nutrient intakes was small and not consistently correlated with differences in prey use, suggesting white sharks as nutritional specialists and that individuals could use functionally and nutritionally different prey as complementary means to achieve a common nutritional goal.</li> <li>We identify how degrees of individual specialisation can differ between niche spaces (δ-, p- or N-space), the physiological and ecological implications of this, and argue that integrating nutrition can provide stronger, mechanistic links between diet specialisation and its intrinsic (fitness/performance) and extrinsic (ecological) outcomes. Our time-integrated framework is adaptable for examining the nutritional consequences and drivers of food use variation at the individual, population or species level.</li> </ol>
Data from: Using trophic structure to reveal patterns of trait-based community assembly across niche dimensions
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Data from: Integrating isotopic and nutritional niches reveals multiple dimensions of individual diet specialisation in a marine apex predator
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Figure 3 in Diverging structures, perch heights, temperatures, and levels of sunlight of spatial niche dimensions ease the syntopic life of Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)
Figure 3. Correlations of distance from the nearest potential shelter (cm) with (a) snout-vent length (mm) and (b) body mass (g) of Tropidurus semitaeniatus. The straight and the curved lines represent, respectively, linear and quadratic models.
Figure 1 in Diverging structures, perch heights, temperatures, and levels of sunlight of spatial niche dimensions ease the syntopic life of Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)
Figure 1. Ordination by non-metric multidimensional scaling comparing proportions of leaf litter, sand, vegetation, and rock between (a) Tropidurus semitaeniatus (×) and environmental availability (∆) (stress = 0.1534), and (b) Tropidurus hispidus (○) and environmental availability (∆) (stress = 0.0877). Proximity and distance between points indicates, respectively, similarity or dissimilarity.
Figure 4 in Diverging structures, perch heights, temperatures, and levels of sunlight of spatial niche dimensions ease the syntopic life of Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)
Figure 4. Differences in distances from nearest potential shelters (cm, log) among types of shelter for Tropidurus semitaeniatus. The mean distance was longer from vegetation than from rock shelters. Upwards, the horizontal lines of the boxplots represent the minimum range, first quartile, median, third quartile, and maximum range. The unit of the original measurement scale is presented for the logarithmic values of the vertical axis.
Figure 2 in Diverging structures, perch heights, temperatures, and levels of sunlight of spatial niche dimensions ease the syntopic life of Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)
Figure 2. Ordination by non-metric multidimensional scaling comparing proportions of shade, filtered sunlight, and full sunlight, air temperatures and substrate temperatures between (a) Tropidurus hispidus (○) and T. semitaeniatus (×) (stress = 0.1785), (b) T. hispidus (○) and environmental availability (∆) (stress = 0.1004), and (C) T. semitaeniatus (×) and that available in the environment (∆) (stress = 0.2534). Proximity and distance between points indicates, respectively, similarity or dissimilarity.
Figure 5 in Diverging structures, perch heights, temperatures, and levels of sunlight of spatial niche dimensions ease the syntopic life of Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)
Figure 5. Frequency distribution (horizontal axis; in %) of perch heights (vertical axes; in cm) used by Tropidurus hispidus and Tropidurus semitaeniatus.
Niche differentiation along multiple functional-trait dimensions contributes to high local diversity of Euphorbiaceae in a tropical tree assemblage
<p><span>Understanding the mechanisms that drive community assembly in species-rich tropical forest remains a fundamental challenge in ecology. Here, we integrated multivariate functional trait dimensions, phylogeny, and metabolomics to test fundamental predictions concerning the role of differentiation with respect to abiotic and biotic niche axes in the maintenance of high local diversity of woody plants in the Euphorbiaceae.</span></p> <p><span>We measured 40 functional traits related to resource acquisition, photosynthetic capacity, hydraulic efficiency, and secondary-metabolite profiles generated using untargeted metabolomics in all 26 Euphorbiaceae species in a 20-ha forest dynamics plot in tropical southwestern China. We examined the correlation structure of 40 traits using a trait networking approach. We coupled these traits with variation in soil nutrients, light environment, soil water content and herbivore pressure within the plot to assess niche differentiation in space. We compared phylogenetic signal among </span><span>multivariate trait dimensions and secondary metabolites to assess niche differentiation in evolutionary time.</span></p> <p><span>Network analysis revealed that a small number of traits with high network centrality reflected variation in ecological strategy among the Euphorbiaceae. Using these high-centrality traits, we observed significant functional turnover along environmental gradients defined by light, soil moisture, soil nutrients and leaf herbivory, respectively. Most resource utilization traits showed significant phylogenetic signal, whereas almost all defensive traits lacked phylogenetic signal, including species similarity with respect to plant secondary metabolites.</span></p> <p><span>Synthesis</span><span>.</span><span> </span><span>Our results suggest that resource-utilization traits and the habitat associations play a significant role in the </span><span>niche segregation</span><span> of co-occurring woody plants in the Euphorbiaceae. Secondary metabolites, however, may enhance diversity at a finer spatial scale by allowing closely related species with similar functional traits to partition biotic niche space within shared habitats in tropical</span><span> rainforest.</span></p>
Data from: Patch size as a niche dimension: aquatic insects behaviorally partition enemy-free space across gradients of patch size
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Data from: Competition and resource breadth shape niche variation and overlap in multiple trophic dimensions
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Niche differentiation along multiple functional-trait dimensions contributes to high local diversity of Euphorbiaceae in a tropical tree assemblage
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