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14 results for “niche position”
Stomach contents (1977-1981) and stable isotopes (1994) from the Everglades, Florida, USA from the publication "Fishes in a seasonally pulsed wetland show spatiotemporal shifts in diet and trophic niche but not shifts in trophic position"
Stomach contents of fishes (1977-1981) and stable isotopes of fishes, invertebrates, and basal resources (1994) were collected from spikerush marsh, sawgrass ridge, and alligator pond habitats in Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. These data were used to quantify diet, trophic niche area, trophic position, basal resource use and how these metrics vary among size classes, seasons, and habitats. Data collection is complete. These data support Flood et al. (2023). Associated R code will be made available through Peter Flood's GitHub: https://github.com/pjflood/historic_everglades_aquatic_food_web. References: Flood, Peter J., William F. Loftus, and Joel C. Trexler. "Fishes in a seasonally pulsed wetland show spatiotemporal shifts in diet and trophic niche but not shifts in trophic position." Food Webs 34 (2023): e00265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2022.e00265
Data from: Trophic position and niche overlap of an Asian weatherfish (Misgurnus bipartitus), western tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris), and native benthic fish species
<p>The dataset belonging to the paper "Trophic position and niche overlap of an Asian weatherfish (<i>Misgurnus bipartitus</i>), western tubenose goby (<i>Proterorhinus semilunaris</i>), and native benthic fish species" published in Aquatic Invasions (paper in press; doi link will be added later), is provided here. The dataset consists of δ13C and δ15N (‰) stable isotope ratios of taxa of fish, macroinvertebrates, plants, alga, and soil. If applicable, the length of the taxon was included. Below, methodological information is provided on the study site, the sampling process, the sampling preparation, and the stable isotope analysis. For references, see the published paper in Aquatic Invasions.</p><p> </p><p><i>Study site</i></p><p>The study site concerned a section of the lowland brook Tungelroysebeek (51°14.38'N, 005°52.086'E – 51°14.26'N, 005°47.77'E) near the village Tungelroy in the Province of Limburg, the Netherlands. This brook of 35 km length has several tributaries before discharging into the River Meuse. Over most of its course, the brook was meandering and had a well-developed riparian and hydrophyte vegetation. During sampling the mean water temperature was 16.0 °C, conductivity 664 µS/cm, pH 7.3, water velocity 0.2 m/s, depth 70 cm, and Secchi depth 60 cm. The brook width ranged between 5-8 m and its bed substrate predominantly consisted of sand.</p><p> </p><p><i>Sampling</i></p><p>Samples of fish, macroinvertebrates, macrophytes, dead organic material, and bottom soil substrate were collected in October 2019. The samples were collected in the stretch of the brook that is denoted in Fig. 1 of the paper. Fish were caught using handheld electrofishing equipment (Bretschneider EFGI 650). After catching, the fish were euthanized using a neutralized benzocaine solution of 100 mg l-1. Macroinvertebrates were collected using 70x55 cm dip nets with a mesh size of 1 mm. Helophytes, floating-leaved, and submerged aquatic macrophytes were collected by hand. Soil samples were collected by means of a hollow soil sampling tube with a diameter of 5 cm. A Nikon SMZ800 stereo microscope with a 10-63 magnification was used for the identification of small macroinvertebrates.</p><p> </p><p><i>Sample preparation </i></p><p>All samples were transported to the laboratory and stored separately at -18° C until preparation. To obtain muscle samples a piece of 0.5-1 cm of the dorsal tissue of each fish was dissected. Muscle tissue samples were dissected from fish, crayfish, and unionid mussels. Other macroinvertebrates were stored alive for two days at 5 °C to empty their intestinal contents. Subsequently, these invertebrates were rinsed with tap water and then with demineralized water before processing. From unionid mussels, muscle tissue of a similar size was dissected. Of small mollusks, all soft body tissues were used. For small mollusks and other macroinvertebrates, individuals of the same species were pooled to obtain enough material (0.22-0.26 mg) for analyses. For crayfish, muscle tissue of the abdomen was used while the intestine was removed. The stems, leaves, and roots of individual plants were pooled. </p><p>After preparation, all samples were stored at -80 °C until freeze drying. Freeze drying was carried out at -90 °C for 24-48 hours for fish and macroinvertebrate samples. Plant, dead organic material, and soil samples were freeze dried at least 48 hours. After freeze drying, the samples were grounded with aluminum balls, for 2 min at 30 rpm, using a Retsch MM 400. Subsequently, the grounded samples were weighted in tin cups (Elemental Microanalysis 8 x 5 mm) and prepared for isotope analyses. For the fish and invertebrate samples, 0.22-0.26 mg was weighted. For plants and soil, separate samples were weighted for carbon (10 mg) and nitrogen (40 mg) analyzes. </p><p> </p><p><i>Stable isotope analyses</i></p><p>Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes were measured using a Thermo Scientific FLASH 2000 HT Elemental Analyzer with a Thermo Scientific DELTA V Advantage Next Generation Isotope Ratio mass spectrometer. Reference gasses were calibrated with the IAEA standards (IAEA-N-2 and IAEA-CH-6), with a maximum deviation of 0.15‰. As an internal standard control, caffeine was used and the 13C/12C and 15N/14N of every sample were determined (in ‰). The isotope ratios (R) δ13C and δ15N are relative to Vienna PDB and atmospheric N2 and were calculated by:</p><p> </p><p>δ13C or δ15N = (Rsample/Rstandard − 1) * 1000</p><p> </p><p>Abstract </p><p>Co-occurring and morphologically similar species have adapted to differential niches for minimizing competition. An invasive alien species can occupy an 'empty niche' in introduced ranges. Alternatively, the invader may occupy an overlapping niche and compete with native species to a certain degree. In a Western European lowland brook with high nutrient loads, we studied a benthic community of five fish species, including two alien species: an Asian weatherfish (<i>Misgurnus bipartitus</i>) and the western tubenose goby (<i>Proterorhinus semilunaris</i>). The native species concerned stone loach (<i>Barbatula barbatula</i>), spined loach (<i>Cobitis taenia</i>), and gudgeon (<i>Gobio gobio</i>). Because of the unknown effects of the invaders on native benthic fish species, the trophic position, isotopic niche overlap, and potential food competition among these species were identified using nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes. The trophic levels of the five fish species indicated that they are secondary consumers. Body size of native fish species correlated significantly negative with their δ15N (‰) signature, in contrast with the invaders indicating that the latter are generalists. Significant isotopic niche overlap was observed among all benthic species. The degree of niche overlap of <i>M. bipartitus </i>was the highest (91.8%) with the <i>G. gobio</i>. <i>Proterorhinus semilunaris</i> had the highest degree of niche overlap (91.2%) with the (<i>B. barbatula</i>. It was notable that the observed niche overlap between the native <i>B. barbatula </i>and <i>C. taenia</i> was high (99.2%). Overlap between <i>M. bipartitus</i> and <i>P. semilunaris</i> was low (8.9% overlap), indicating little resource competition between these alien species. Native species showed wider isotopic niches than the invaders. Bayesian mixing models revealed that native and alien species slightly differ in their main diet. The results suggest that the invaders are plastic in their resource use, leading to niche differentiation and promoting co-existence of benthic fish species.</p>
Data for: Climatic-niche breadth, niche position, and speciation in lizards and snakes
<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The climatic niche is associated with diversification in many groups of animals and plants. However, the relationships between climatic-niche breadth evolution, climatic-niche position evolution, and speciation remain underexplored. It is particularly unclear whether changes in climatic-niche breadth are related to diversification. We tested two hypotheses relating niche breadth, niche position, and speciation using climatic data in Squamata (lizards and snakes), one of the largest radiations of tetrapods. These hypotheses were: (1) the oscillation hypothesis (niche breadth changes along with niche position and speciation); and (2) the musical chairs hypothesis (niche breadth remains relatively constant when niche position changes during speciation).</p> <p><strong>Location:</strong> Global.</p> <p><strong>Taxon:</strong> Squamata (lizards and snakes).</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated rates of speciation and evolutionary rates for both climatic-niche position and climatic-niche breadth for 5,320 squamate species. We tested relationships among these rates using Bayesian phylogenetic generalized linear-mixed models.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher speciation rates were associated with higher rates of evolution in niche position and in niche breadth. Faster rates of change in niche breadth were related to narrower niches and faster rates of change in niche position.</p> <p><strong>Main Conclusions: </strong>Our results support the oscillation hypothesis to explain the relationships between speciation and changes in climatic niche position and climatic niche breadth. We found that species that changed climatic-niche breadths more rapidly: (1) speciated faster; (2) evolved towards narrower niche breadths; and (3) changed climatic-niche positions more rapidly. These results suggest that the oscillation between wider and narrower niches is coupled with climatic-niche divergence and speciation. These conclusions may apply to many other groups of plants and animals in which speciation is often related to climatic-niche divergence.</p>
Picophytoplankton lineages display clear niche partitioning but overall positive response to future ocean warming
<p>This repository contains data used in the Flombaum et al. (2019) Nature Geoscience paper entitled "<strong>Picophytoplankton lineages display clear niche partitioning but overall positive response to future ocean warming" </strong>for sensitivity tests.</p> <p>npp_91x180.mat is a 2D net primary production data from satellite ( SeaWiFS).</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/ea47715e-18fe-42d4-8d36-848824829b53/omega2_ad1e-05_ai1000.mat">omega2_ad1e-05_ai1000.mat</a> contains advection and diffusion transport operator.</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/ea47715e-18fe-42d4-8d36-848824829b53/po4obs_91x180x24.mat">po4obs_91x180x24.mat</a> is 3D dissolved inorganic phosphorus concentrations obtained from WOA2013 and interpolated into the inverse model gird (91x180x24);</p> <p><a href="https://zenodo.org/api/files/ea47715e-18fe-42d4-8d36-848824829b53/xhat_91x180_control.mat">xhat_91x180_control.mat</a> is optimal phosphorus model parameters; It has four parameters: <em>b - </em><em>Marine curve exponent; kappa_d - dissolved organic phosphorus remineralization rate constant; alpha and beta: parameters used to scale satellite NPP to model organic phosphorus production.</em></p>
Untangling the importance of niche breadth and niche position as drivers of tree species abundance and occupancy across biogeographic regions
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Data from: Niche position accounts for the positive occupancy-abundance relationship of lake fishes
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Data for: Climatic-niche breadth, niche position, and speciation in lizards and snakes
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Data for: Recent changes in thermal niche position and breadth of bird assemblages in Spain in relation to increasing temperatures
<p><span><strong>Aim</strong>:</span> <span>Animal communities around the world are responding to climate change by altering their taxonomic composition, mainly through an increase in the colonisation rate of warm-dwelling species and the local extinction of cold-dwelling ones. We assessed whether the taxonomic composition of bird assemblages in peninsular Spain has changed in accordance with the recent increase in temperature. We also evaluated the role of species' thermal affinities and population dynamics in these changes.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Location</strong>:</span><span> Peninsular Spain.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Taxon</strong>:</span><span> Birds.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Methods</strong>:</span> <span>We compared assemblages reported in the last Spanish breeding bird atlases (1998–2002 vs 2014–2019) in 10x10 km squares. We described species' thermal niches by overlaying global species breeding distributions and world temperature metrics (based on mean, minimum, maximum and range), and then aggregated them to obtain a set of community thermal indices for each assemblage (CTIs, and CTR for ranges). Long-term average temperatures and local current temperatures were related to changes in CTIs using spatial GLMMs, which considered habitat change. We identified the species most responsible for variation in assemblages and regressed species' influence on thermal affinities and population dynamics.</span></p> <p><span><strong>Results</strong>: </span><span>CTIs increased with temperature and warm-dwelling species became more prevalent to the detriment of cold-dwelling ones. However, we found a counteracting effect of temperature and habitat. Cold-dwelling forest species were among the most influential species, mainly through colonisation, while warm-dwelling farmland species contributed through local extinctions (both attenuated local increases in CTI). The mean thermal breadth of assemblages (CTR) decreased with temperatures. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Main conclusions</strong>:</span><span> The taxonomic composition of bird assemblages shifted in line with the main expectations due to global change (</span><span>thermophilisation), mainly due to local colonisation of warm-dwelling species</span><span>, although it did not show the pattern of thermal homogenization suggested elsewhere. Our results add further evidence of the interplay between climate warming and land-use change in the ongoing adjustment of animal communities.</span></p>
Data for: Recent changes in thermal niche position and breadth of bird assemblages in Spain in relation to increasing temperatures
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Data from: Positive plant-soil feedbacks trigger tannin evolution by niche construction: a spatial stoichiometric model
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Data from: Dark pigmentation limits thermal niche position in birds
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Human native bone marrow CD200 positive mesenchymal stromal cells exhibit characteristics of cells forming the hematopoietic stem cell niche
GEO Series GSE198049. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Relation Between Position of the Uterus (Anteversion or Retroversion Flexion) and Degree of Cesarean Scar Niche
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06475924. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Inflammation favors the emergence of ETV6-RUNX1-positive pre-leukemic cells in a model of mesenchymal niche
GEO Series GSE134437. Mus musculus. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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