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8 results for “niche segregation”
Data from: Foraging behaviour and habitat-use drives niche segregation in sibling seabird species
<p>To mediate competition, similar sympatric species are assumed to utilise different resources, or the same but geographically separated resources. The two giant petrels (<em>Macronectes</em> spp.) are intriguing in that they are morphologically similar seabirds with overlapping diets and distributions. To better understand the mechanisms allowing their co-existence, we investigated intra- and interspecific niche segregation at Marion Island (Southern Indian Ocean), one of the few localities where they breed in sympatry. We used GPS tracks from 94 individuals and remote-sensed environmental data to quantify habitat-use, combined with blood carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios from 90 individuals to characterise their foraging habitat and trophic ecology. Females of both species made distant at sea foraging trips and fed at a similar trophic level. However, they used distinct pelagic habitats. In contrast, males of both species mainly foraged on or near land, resulting in significant sexual segregation, but high interspecific habitat and diet overlap. However, some males showed flexible behavioural strategies, also making distant, pelagic foraging trips. Using contemporaneous tracking, environmental and stable isotope data we provide a clear example of how sympatric sibling species can be segregated along different foraging behaviour dimensions.</p>
Data from: Foraging behaviour and habitat-use drives niche segregation in sibling seabird species
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Root foraging strategies and niche segregation of three Mediterranean shrub species
<p>Shrubs are usually adapted to stressful environments in which soil resources are limited, and thus, roots are fundamental for their biological success. However, root measures are challenging to collect, especially in field conditions and at the individual level. For this study, we collected data on the three-dimensional distribution of fine root biomass of twenty-three individuals belonging to three shrub species in a Mediterranean shrubland in Central Spain: gum rockrose (<em>Cistus ladanifer</em> L.), rosemary (<em>Salvia rosmarinus</em> Schleid.), and hairy-fruited broom (<em>Cytisus striatus</em> [Hill] Rothm). Our goal was to determine the soil-foraging strategies adopted by the plants. We hypothesized that plants would show stabilizing niche differences explaining the high plant biodiversity characteristic of Mediterranean shrublands and that they would follow the game theory model's prediction of exploitative segregation of roots behaving territorially but also over-proliferating roots close to their stem and engaging in a root tragedy of the commons. We found that two-thirds to three-fourths of the biomass was belowground, and the system's productivity was roughly 500-600 g C m-2 y-1. Only rosemary plants competed with neighbors following the exploitative segregation predictions. Broom plants had the shallowest and most widespread root systems but significantly reduced their root range toward competing neighbors. Gum rockrose presented deep, narrow root systems avoiding extensive overlap with neighbors but did not appear to respond to competitive pressure levels. Shrubs appeared to stratify their roots at different soil depths, supporting the niche segregation hypothesis.</p>
Root foraging strategies and niche segregation of three Mediterranean shrub species
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Data from: Hydrological niche segregation defines forest structure and drought tolerance strategies in a seasonal Amazon forest
1) Understanding if and how trees coordinate rooting depth and aboveground hydraulic traits to define drought-resistance strategies in seasonal Amazon forests is a major gap to model parametrization aimed at predicting the effects of climate change in these ecosystems. 2) We assessed the rooting depth of 12 dominant tree species (representing ~ 42% of the forest basal area) in a seasonal Amazon forest, using the stable isotope ratios (δ18O and δ²H) of water collected from tree xylem and soils from a range of depths. We took advantage of a major ENSO-related drought in 2015/2016 that caused substantial evaporative isotope enrichment on soil. We measured the minimum dry-season leaf water potential both in a normal year (2014; Ψnon-ENSO) and in an extreme drought year (2015; ΨENSO). Furthermore, we measured xylem hydraulic traits that indicate the range of water potentials that trees tolerate without risking hydraulic failure (P50 and P88). 3) We demonstrate that coexisting trees are largely segregated along a single hydrological niche axis defined by root depth differences, access to light, and tolerance of low water potential. These differences in rooting depth were strongly related to tree size; diameter at breast height (DBH) explained 72% of the variation in the δ18Oxylem. Additionally, δ18Oxylem explained 49% of the variation in P50 and 70% of P88, with higher tolerance of low water potential in shallow-rooted species, while δ18O of xylem water explained 47% and 77% of the variation of minimum Ψnon-ENSO and ΨENSO. 4) We propose a new formulation to estimate an effective functional rooting depth, i.e., the likely soil depth from which roots can sustain water uptake for physiological functions, using DBH as predictor of root depth at this site. Based on these estimates, we conclude that a number of families, genera and species are restricted to drawing water from shallow to deep soil in a large area of the Tapajós forest. 5) Our results support the theory of hydrological niche segregation and its underlying trade-off related to drought resistance, which also affect the dominance structure of trees in this seasonal eastern Amazon forest.
Data from: Competition-driven niche segregation on a landscape scale: evidence for escaping from syntopy toward allotopy in two coexisting sibling passerine species
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Data from: Hydrological niche segregation defines forest structure and drought tolerance strategies in a seasonal Amazon forest
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Data from: Mutualistic mimicry enhances species diversification through spatial segregation and extension of the ecological niche space
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.