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14 results for “nitrogen budget”
Steady state carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water budgets for twelve mature ecosystems ranging from prairie to forest and from the arctic to the tropics
We use the Multiple Element Limitation (MEL) model to examine the responses of twelve ecosystems - from the arctic to the tropics and from grasslands to forests - to elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), warming, and 20% decreases or increases in annual precipitation. The ecosystems we simulated include moist acidic tundra, shrub tundra, and wet sedge tundra near Toolik Lake, Alaska, alpine dry meadow tundra near Niwot Ridge, Colorado, restored tallgrass prairie near Kellogg Biological Station, Michigan, native tallgrass prairie at the Konza Prairie, Kansas, upland and lowland boreal forest near Bonanza Creek, Alaska, temperate coniferous forest in HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, Oregon, a northern hardwood forest in Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, a transition oak-maple forest in Harvard Forest, Massachusetts, and lowland tropical rainforest near Caxiuanã National Forest, Pará, Brazil. For each of the twelve sites, we run six 100-year simulations beginning from the calibrated steady state (72 simulations total). The six simulations are: (1) increasing CO2 from 400 to 800 μmol mol-1, (2) warming from current temperatures to current plus 3.5oC, (3) decreasing precipitation from 100% to 80% of the current annual rate, (4) increasing precipitation from 100% to 120% of the current annual rate, (5) doubling of CO2, 3.5oC warming, and 20% decrease in precipitation, and (6) doubling of CO2, 3.5oC warming, and 20% increase in precipitation. The carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and water budgets presented here are used to calibrate the MEL model prior to running the climate change simulations. Citations and calculations for the data presented here are described in the individual site html files included in this dataset.
Nitrogen budget in a Chihuahuan desert grassland long-term nitrogen fertilization experiment at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge
Although the negative consequences of increased nitrogen (N) supply on plant communities and soil chemistry are well known, most studies have focused on mesic grasslands, and the fate of added N in arid and semi-arid ecosystems remains unclear. To study the impacts of long-term increased N deposition on ecosystem N-pools, we sampled a 26-year-long fertilization (10 g N m-2 yr-1) experiment in the northern Chihuahuan Desert at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (SNWR) in New Mexico. To determine the fate of the added N, we measured multiple soil, microbial, and plant N pools in shallow soils at three time points across the 2020 growing season.
A Lagrangian study of the contribution of the Canary coastal upwelling to the nitrogen budget of the open North Atlantic
<p>The attached datasets constitute the particle trajectory data produced in the experiment for Hailegeorgis et al..</p> <p>The "traj_upwell_1d_70m_1d-variables.nc" contains variables that describe different aspects of each upwelled particle (mostly regarding a particle's release or its initial or final conditions).</p> <p>The rest of the files with the format "traj_upwell_1d_70m_XXX-traj.nc" describe an attribute XXX (location or nutrient concentration) along the trajectory of upwelled particles tracked as part of the experiment.</p> <p>With ARIANE, particles are released and tracked in a ROMS simulation of the Canary coastal upwelling region. Out of the ~10M particles, the trajectories of the ~353K (~3.6%) that upwell are included. The variable "index_in_full_exp" in file "traj_upwell_1d_70m_1d-variables.nc" shows the index of each of these upwelling particles in the larger pool of released particles. For each upwelled particle, out of the 720-day trajectories starting from its release into the coast, the values from its upwelling step to its exit from the experiment are included, with the values outside this range being filled with a generic value (1.e20). An upwelled particle exits the experiment when it leaves the regional ROMS simulation altogether or when it leaves the coast and returns to the coast to re-upwell (more details in the paper).</p> <p>Be mindful of the different values of time. In "traj_upwell_1d_70m_1d-variables.nc", the variable "release_time" tells each particle's release time, in days since onset of the ROMS simulation, while variable "coast_exit_time" tells each particle's day of exiting coast, in days since its release. In each particle's trajectory (in traj_lon, traj_lat, etc), the first and last steps with valid values are the same as the days of its upwelling and its exit, respectively, since its release.</p> <p>The files contain the name and description of each variable. Along with the details in the publication, the descriptions here should be enough to fully interpret the information and replicate our analysis.</p>
Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (T30 DON) Budget
Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T0 Tanana Floodplain soils Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T30 Tanana Floodplain soils Sodium Bicarbonate Extracted Tanana River Floodplain Soil Protein Concentrations, 2001 Plot locations for the Tanana River Floodplain DON buget study. GPS coordinates for the Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget Study plots All units are micrograms of N of the selected compound per gram dry weight. AA are in leucine equivalents
Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget, GPS coordinates for Tanana River Floodplain study plots
Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T0 Tanana Floodplain soils Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T30 Tanana Floodplain soils Sodium Bicarbonate Extracted Tanana River Floodplain Soil Protein Concentrations, 2001 Plot locations for the Tanana River Floodplain DON buget study. GPS coordinates for the Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget Study plots GPS coordinates for the Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget Study plots. Readings were taken from the centre of each 30 X 30 meter plot (1DW3 is 45 X 20). The GPS unit (Garmin etrex Summit) indicated an accuracy of about +/- 5 meters.
Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (T0 DON) Budget
Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T0 Tanana Floodplain soils Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T30 Tanana Floodplain soils Sodium Bicarbonate Extracted Tanana River Floodplain Soil Protein Concentrations, 2001 Plot locations for the Tanana River Floodplain DON buget study. GPS coordinates for the Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget Study plots 9999 missing data All values given are in micrograms of nitrogen for the given compound per gram dry weight. AA is leucine equivalents of bulk amino acids. Site designations in parenthesis are specific to the study and represent individual transects, each within a unique stand of the following standtypes: W=willow, A=alder, BP=balsam poplar, 4=white spruce, 5=black spruce. Months: 6=June, 7=July, etc.
Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget, extracted soil protein content
Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T0 Tanana Floodplain soils Ammonium, Nitrate, and Amino Acid concentrations in .5M K2SO4 extracted T30 Tanana Floodplain soils Sodium Bicarbonate Extracted Tanana River Floodplain Soil Protein Concentrations, 2001 Plot locations for the Tanana River Floodplain DON buget study. GPS coordinates for the Tanana River Floodplain Dissolved Organic Nitrogen (DON) Budget Study plots All values given are in micrograms of bovine serum albumin equivalents per gram dry weight. Site designations in parenthesis are specific to the study and represent individual transects,each within a unique stand of the following standtypes: W=willow,A=alder,BP=balsam poplar,4=white spruce,5=black spruce. Months: 6=June,7=July,etc.
Supplementary Information S1 - Detailed results of the CAPRI N-LCA and S2 - Quantification of the main N budget flows in the EU25 agriculture sector of Leip, A., Billen, G., Garnier, J., Grizzetti, B., Lassaletta, L., Reis, S., Simpson, D., Sutton, M. a, de Vries, W., Weiss, F., Westhoek, H. (2015). Impacts of European livestock production: nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus and greenhouse gas emissions, land-use, water eutrophication and biodiversity. Environ. Res. Lett. 10, 115004. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/115004
<p>Table S1-1 Quantification of GHG and Nr flow intensities [kg CO2eq (kg product)<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>] or [g N (kg product)<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>] with the CAPRI N-LCA model for six main livestock products (BEEF: beef, PORK: pork, EGGS: eggs, POUM: poultry meat; DAIR: milk and dairy products, SGMP: meat from sheep and goats) and six main vegetable food groups (POTA: potatoes, SUGB: sugar beet before processing, OILP: oil seeds before processing; CERR: cereals, LEGU: leguminous crops) as well as other crops (OCRP) and aggregated livestock (ANIMP) and vegetable (CROPP) food. </p> <p>Table S2-1 Quantification of the main N budget flows in the EU25 agriculture sector</p>
Data from: A global reference database in FAOSTAT of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiency: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 1961–2020
<p class="MsoNormal">Agricultural nutrient budgets help to identify an excess or an insufficiency in use of fertilizers and other nutrient sources. Nutrient budgets allow for indicators such as the nutrient balance (surplus or deficit) and nutrient use efficiency to be estimated. This can help in the monitoring of agricultural productivity and sustainability globally. The present dataset is a global database of country-level budget estimates for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in cropland. The database is disseminated in FAOSTAT and provides a global reference, synthesizing and continuously updating the state-of-the-art on this topic. The database covers the period 961 to 2020 for 205 countries and territories, as well as regional and global aggregates. Results indicate the wide range in nutrient use and use efficiencies across regions, nutrients, and time. This dataset introduces improvements over previous work in relation to key nutrient coefficients affecting nutrient budgets and use efficiency estimates. This is especially for nutrient removal in crop products, manure nutrient content, atmospheric deposition and crop biological N fixation rates. </p>
Data from: A global FAOSTAT reference database of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiency (1961–2020): nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
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Data from: The fate of nitrogen during agricultural intensification in East Africa: nitrogen budgets in contrasting agroecosystems
<p>The intensification of agricultural systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is necessary to reduce poverty and improve food security but requires increased nutrient applications to smallholder systems. To avoid the negative consequences of intensification that result from many large-scale agricultural systems (e.g., eutrophication), we must better understand how diverse soil systems in SSA will respond to increased fertilizer applications. We tracked nitrogen (N) inputs and outputs in fertilizer trials at two maize (Zea mays)-agroecological regions of contrasting soil type. We measured maize biomass, grain yields, N leaching, and N gaseous losses from a clayey soil in Yala, Kenya, and a sandy soil in Tumbi, Tanzania, with application rates of 0, 50, 75, 100, 150, and 200 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>‑1</sup> over multiple years. Using measurements of NO, N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>, biomass N, and an <sup>15</sup>N enrichment experiment, we show that N budgets in Yala were nearly always negative, meaning more N was exported in yields or lost from the system than was added in fertilizer. In Tumbi, however, N budgets were negative at lower fertilizer levels (0 and 50 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup>), but positive at higher fertilizer levels (75 and 200 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup>). At both sites, most of the N was lost through maize biomass/grain removal and N leaching (over 96% of total losses). Gas losses were a minor component of N budgets. These results highlight the importance of tailoring fertilizer recommendations to a farm's specific soil and climatic conditions. However, on these two contrasting sites, fertilizer additions at or below 50 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup> do not lead to major losses of N (via gaseous or leaching) and may be recommended at a range of sites across SSA soils in maize agroecosystems.</p>
Data from: The fate of nitrogen during agricultural intensification in East Africa: nitrogen budgets in contrasting agroecosystems
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Data for the publication "The carbon and nitrogen budget of <i>Desmophyllum dianthus</i> – a voracious cold-water coral thriving in an acidified Patagonian fjord"
<p>Raw and supplementary data and detailed statistical results for the publication "The carbon and nitrogen budget of <em>Desmophyllum dianthus</em> – a voracious cold-water coral thriving in an acidified Patagonian fjord" </p>
Nitrogen budget data
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