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16 results for “nitrogen retention”
Submerged aquatic vegetation and nitrogen retention data from 2012 to 2017 in lake Saint-Pierre, Saint Lawrence River
<p>Here we provide seven datasets that describes plant biomass (2012 to 2016), environmental variables and nitrogen retention time series (2012 to 2016) in a submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) meadow at the confluence of two agricultural tributaries (Saint-François and Yamaska) with the St. Lawrence River in southern Lake Saint-Pierre.</p> <p>Version 2 adds the dataset 6 and 7.</p> <p>The seven datasets are:</p> <p>1) Growing season (June 21 to September 22) daily environmental variables (water level, water temperature, light, tributaries input, and SAV biomass indicator)</p> <p>2) Mean SAV biomass measured using rake or quadrat samples in the meadow</p> <p>3) Modelled daily nitrate tributary inputs to the SAV bed</p> <p>4) Daily nitrate output to the SAV bed estimated from a sensor</p> <p>5) Daily nitrate budget</p> <p>6) Hourly nitrate output to the SAV bed and signal decomposition from ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD)</p> <p>7) Hourly dissolved oxygen and gas exchange velocities at the SAV bed outflow for 2016</p> <p>Original data comes from Lake Saint-Pierre, either from publicly available government agencies data, from a project led by the Groupe de recherche interuniversitaire en limnologie (GRIL, 2012-2015) and by Morgan Botrel Ph.D. candidate (2016-2017, Université de Montréal) or from Christiane Hudon (ECCC). Data were created for an article on climate-driven variation in nitrogen retention, led by Morgan Botrel and supervisor Roxane Maranger, with Christiane Hudon, James B. Heffernan and Pascale M. Biron (https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032678).</p>
Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment II (LINX II): a cross-site study of the effects of anthropogenic land use change on nitrate uptake and retention in 72 streams across 8 different biomes (2003 – 2006).
The LINX II (Lotic Intersite Nitrogen eXperiment) project was designed to quantify the rates and mechanisms of nitrate retention in streams using stable isotope tracer additions. The study encompassed 72 stream reaches spread across 8 North American biomes. Within each biome, 9 streams were selected in three watershed land-use categories: 3 reference, 3 agricultural, and 3 urbanized. The core of the study was a 24-hour release of 15N- labeled nitrate. Prior to the isotope addition, physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the stream were measured. The measurements included, but were not limited to, dissolved nutrient concentrations, dissolved conservative tracer additions (to quantify hydraulic and hyporheic retention, velocity and discharge), standing stocks of primary uptake biota (including suspended and benthic particulate materials) as well as channel dimensions, photosynthetically active radiation, and water temperature. During the isotope release, whole stream rates of ecosystem metabolism were quantified (including quantification of re-aeration coefficients using tracer gas additions), and concentrations of 15N-labeled NO3, NH4, N2 and N2O were measured. Immediately following the isotope addition, 15N uptake by aquatic organisms was quantified by sampling biomass components on the stream bed. The data generated from these 72 stream reaches were used to develop a stream nitrogen retention model for each biome, which was expanded to entire drainage networks to predict nitrogen fluxes. The LINX II study demonstrated how biotic uptake of nitrate and denitrification increased with increasing nitrate concentrations. However, the efficiency of total uptake and denitrification actually declined with increasing nitrate concentrations (such as those seen on agricultural or urbanized streams), yielding higher rates of dissolved nitrogen exports downstream. The datasets presented here consist of the primary data collected by the LINX II study participants.
Data from: Ecosystem nitrogen retention is regulated by plant community trait interactions with nutrient status in an alpine meadow
1.Biotic nitrogen (N) retention is an important ecosystem function in the context of ongoing land use intensification, N deposition and global warming. However, a paucity of experimental evidence limits understanding of how different plant community components influence N retention in terrestrial ecosystems. 2.In this investigation we conducted a 15N labelling experiment to test how plant community properties, including plant species richness/diversity, dominance and functional traits, influence plant N uptake and retention under different nutrient availabilities. A three-year experiment examined the effects of adding N (10 g N m−2 year−1) and phosphorus (P) (5 g P m−2 year−1) to an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. 3.Results show that 15N retention increased with the addition of N and P; the addition of P produced the largest increase of 15N retention in plant and soil N pools. Changes in soil nutrient conditions also facilitated different plant community controls on ecosystem N retention. Ecosystem 15N retention was influenced by species richness and root biomass in the control plots; whereas the N addition treatment showed an important effect of community-weighted means (CWM) of specific leaf area (SLA), and plots with additional P recorded lower CWM of root nitrogen content (root N) and larger CWM root:shoot ratios (R/S) as important determinants. 4.Synthesis. Ecosystem N retention was influenced by conservative and exploitative plant species and/or their traits under N deficient and abundant conditions, respectively, whereas species richness and community plant biomass were most influential under control conditions. The discovery of an interaction between plant community traits and nutrient biogeochemistry as a mechanism for ecosystem N retention offers a means to predict how vegetation in alpine meadow ecosystems will respond to expected global change.
Nitrogen redistribution and seasonal trait fluctuation facilitate plant N conservation and ecosystem N retention
<ol> <li><span>Low available soil nitrogen (N) limits plant productivity in alpine regions, and alpine plants thus resorb and reallocate N from senescing tissues to conserve this limited N during the nongrowing season. However, the destination and extent of N redistribution during plant senescence among above- and below-ground organs, let alone other processes of translocation outside of plants and into the soil components, remain poorly understood. </span></li> <li><span>Utilizing the <sup>15</sup>N stable isotope as a tracer, we quantified N redistribution among above- and below-ground plant organs and different soil components during senescence in an alpine meadow ecosystem, and explored the relationship between <sup>15</sup>N among plant-soil N pools with seasonal fluctuations of plant functional traits.</span></li> <li><span>We found a substantial depletion of <sup>15</sup>N in fine roots (-40% ± 2.8%) and aboveground tissues (-51% ± 5.1%), and an enhanced <sup>15</sup>N storage primarily in coarse roots (+79% ± 27%) and soil organic matter (+37% ± 10%) during plant senescence. In parallel, we observed a temporal variation in plant functional traits, representing a shift from more acquisitive to more conservative strategies as the growing season ends, such as higher coarse root N and coarse root to fine root ratio. The seasonal trait variations were highly correlated with the <sup>15</sup>N retention in coarse roots and soil organic matter. Particularly, <sup>15</sup>N retention in particulate and mineral-associated organic matter increased by 30% ± 12% and 24% ± 9%, respectively, suggesting a potential pathway through which fine root and microbial mortality contribute to <sup>15</sup>N redistribution into soil N pools during senescence.</span></li> <li> <span><em>Synthesis</em>. </span><span>N redistribution and seasonal plant trait fluctuation facilitate plant N conservation and ecosystem N retention in the alpine system. This study suggests a coupled aboveground-belowground N conserving strategy that may optimize the temporal coupling between plant N demand and ecosystem N supply in N-limited alpine ecosystems. </span> </li> </ol>
Data from: Patterns and drivers of atmospheric nitrogen deposition retention in global forests
<p>Forests are the largest carbon sink in terrestrial ecosystems, and the impact of nitrogen (N) deposition on this carbon sink depends on the fate of external N inputs. However, the patterns and driving factors of N retention in different forest compartments remain elusive. In this study, we synthesized 408 observations from global forest <sup>15</sup>N tracer experiments to reveal the variation and underlying mechanisms of <sup>15</sup>N retention in plants and soils. The results showed that the average total ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N retention in global forests was 63.04 ± 1.23%, with the soil pool being the main N sink (45.76 ± 1.29%). Plants absorbed 17.28 ± 0.83% of <sup>15</sup>N, with more allocated to leaves (5.83 ± 0.63%) and roots (5.84 ± 0.44%). In subtropical and tropical forests, <sup>15</sup>N was mainly absorbed by plants and mineral soils, while the organic soil layer in temperate forests retained more <sup>15</sup>N. Additionally, forests retained more <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> than <sup>15</sup>NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>, primarily due to the stronger capacity of the organic soil layer to retain <sup>15</sup>NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. The mechanisms of <sup>15</sup>N retention varied among ecosystem compartments, with total ecosystem <sup>15</sup>N retention affected by N deposition. Plant <sup>15</sup>N retention was influenced by vegetative and microbial nutrient demands, while soil <sup>15</sup>N retention was regulated by climate factors and soil nutrient supply. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of climate and nutrient supply and demand in regulating forest N retention and provides data to further explore the impacts of N deposition on forest carbon sequestration.</p>
Data from: Ecosystem nitrogen retention is regulated by plant community trait interactions with nutrient status in an alpine meadow
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Data from: Patterns and drivers of atmospheric nitrogen deposition retention in global forests
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Nitrogen redistribution and seasonal trait fluctuation facilitate plant N conservation and ecosystem N retention
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Data for: Biochar co-compost improves nitrogen retention and reduces carbon emissions in a winter wheat cropping system
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Phosphorus supply increases nitrogen transformation rates and retention in soil: a global meta-analysis
<p>Interactions between nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are important for plant growth and ecosystem carbon (C) sequestration. While effects of N supply on P dynamics have been much studied, much less is known about the opposite (P-effect on N). We conducted a meta-analysis by compiling a total of 1734 individual experimental observations from 116 peer-reviewed publications to assess P-addition effects on soil N dynamics. Globally, P additions increased the soil total N (TN) pool, potentially as a result of enhanced plant and microbial immobilization and reduced N losses, with a stronger effect detected under longer duration of P addition (≥ 5 years). A coupled increase in soil organic C with TN signifies the fundamental role of exogenous P supply in enhancing soil C sequestration. Phosphorus addition accelerated some of the soil N cycling processes including gross N mineralization, gross nitrification, and denitrification, with the effect sizes varying among ecosystem types and increasing with P addition rates. Our results indicate the fundamental role of P in affecting soil N pools and processes, and highlight the efficacy of P supply in sequestering soil C and mitigating global C emission.</p>
Data from: A meta-analysis on nitrogen retention by buffer zones
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Phosphorus supply increases nitrogen transformation rates and retention in soil: a global meta-analysis
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Data from: Suburban watershed nitrogen retention: estimating the effectiveness of stormwater management structures
Excess nitrogen (N) is a primary driver of freshwater and coastal eutrophication globally, and urban stormwater is a rapidly growing source of N pollution. Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) are used widely to remove excess N from runoff in urban and suburban areas, and are expected to perform under a wide variety of environmental conditions. Yet the capacity of BMPs to retain excess N varies; and both the variation and the drivers thereof are largely unknown, hindering the ability of water resource managers to meet water quality targets in a cost-effective way. Here, we use structured expert judgment (SEJ), a performance-weighted method of expert elicitation, to quantify the uncertainty in BMP performance under a range of site-specific environmental conditions and to estimate the extent to which key environmental factors influence variation in BMP performance. We hypothesized that rain event frequency and magnitude, BMP type and size, and physiographic province would significantly influence the experts' estimates of N retention by BMPs common to suburban Piedmont and Coastal Plain watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay region. Expert knowledge indicated wide uncertainty in BMP performance, with N removal efficiencies ranging from <0% (BMP acting as a source of N during a rain event) to >40%. Experts believed that the amount of rain was the primary identifiable source of variability in BMP efficiency, which is relevant given climate projections of more frequent heavy rain events in the mid-Atlantic. To assess the extent to which those projected changes might alter N export from suburban BMPs and watersheds, we combined downscaled estimates of rainfall with distributions of N loads for different-sized rain events derived from our elicitation. The model predicted higher and more variable N loads under a projected future climate regime, suggesting that current BMP regulations for reducing nutrients may be inadequate in the future.
Data from: Suburban watershed nitrogen retention: estimating the effectiveness of stormwater management structures
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Study to Evaluate the Effect on Nitrogen Retention of Two Different Posology Schemes of PKU GOLIKE PLUS 3-16 and Free AAs in Patients With Phenylketonuria
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05229549. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Nitrogen retention in feldspar: Implications for nitrogen transport in subduction zones
<p>This is the research data for Figures 2, 3 and 4.</p>
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