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26 results for “northern peatlands”
PEATCLSM(Tb): A land surface data assimilation product for peatlands using PEATCLSM and brightness temperature (Tb) satellite observations (Northern Hemisphere output)
<p>The datasets archived here include simulation results shown in the paper, “Improved Groundwater Table and L-band Brightness Temperature Estimates for Northern Hemisphere Peatlands Using New Model Physics and SMOS Observations in a Global Data Assimilation Framework”, published in Remote Sensing of Environment Journal (Bechtold et al., 2020). The output was produced by combining peatland-specific land surface modeling (Bechtold et al., 2019b) embedded in the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model (CLSM) with L-band brightness temperature (Tb) observations (SMOS), applying the data assimilation framework of the SMAP Level‐4 Soil Moisture product (Reichle et al., 2019). We provide netcdf files (9-km resolution EASEv2 grid, period Jan 2010 – Nov 2019, and between 45°N and 70°N, NE Asia excluded) of the four experiments of the manuscript: model-only (open-loop, OL) and data assimilation (DA) for each land model version, that is CLSM without and with the use of the PEATCLSM modules. The highest accuracy is provided by the DA product using PEATCLSM and Tb observations. When referring to the latter product use the name ‘PEATCLSM(Tb)’. We provide three types of netcdf files:<br> • daily_images_*.nc: Daily land states and fluxes (Table 1), provided as netCDF image-chunked image stack<br> • ObsFcstAna_images_*.nc: Brightness temperature observations, forecasts and analysis (Table 2), provided as netCDF image-chunked image stack<br> • incr_timeseries_*.nc: Data assimilation increments (Table 3), provided as netCDF timeseries-chunked image stack</p> <p>The file content is described in the file PEATCLSM_Tb_Documentation_20200505.pdf</p> <p>Please contact Michel Bechtold (michel.bechtold@kuleuven.be) for any questions.</p> <p>Data usage statement:<br> This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/<br> If you decide to work with this data, we kindly ask to be informed at the outset of the nature of this work. If the data are essential to the work, or if an important result or conclusion depends on the PEATCLSM(Tb) data product, we would appreciate that you discuss these findings with us to ensure correct use and interpretation of the PEATCLSM(Tb) product. Furthermore, we are continuously improving the data assimilation product, a discussion of your work at an early stage may (i) help us to improve our product, and (ii) allow us to provide you with a newer version. Thanks!</p> <p>References:</p> <p>Bechtold, M., De Lannoy, G. J. M., Reichle, R. H., & Koster, R. D. (2019a). PEAT-CLSM simulation output (Northern Peatlands) version 1. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/E58YM</p> <p>Bechtold, M. et al. (2019b). PEAT‐CLSM: A Specific Treatment of Peatland Hydrology in the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model. <em>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</em>, <em>11</em>(7), 2130–2162. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001574</p> <p>Bechtold, M., De Lannoy, G. J. M., Reichle, R. H., Roose, D., Balliston, N., Burdun, I., Devito, K., Kurbatova, J., Strack, M., & Zarov, E. A. (2020). Improved Groundwater Table and L-band Brightness Temperature Estimates for Northern Hemisphere Peatlands Using New Model Physics and SMOS Observations in a Global Data Assimilation Framework. <em>Remote Sensing of Environment</em>. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111805</p> <p>Reichle, R. H., Liu, Q., Koster, R. D., Crow, W. T., De Lannoy, G. J. M., Kimball, J. S., Ardizzone, J. V., Bosch, D., Colliander, A., Cosh, M., Kolassa, J., Mahanama, S. P., Prueger, J., Starks, P., & Walker, J. P. (2019). Version 4 of the SMAP Level-4 Soil Moisture Algorithm and Data Product. <em>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</em>, <em>11</em>(10), 3106–3130. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001729</p>
CO2 and CH4 gas fluxes in disturbed and intact northern peatlands
<p>The data were collected in seven Estonian peatlands (5 disturbed and 2 intact) during three to four (2017–2020) years with closed chamber technique. Table 1 (see CO2_CH4_fluxes_README.docx) shows the variables presented in this dataset.</p>
InSAR measured permafrost degradation of palsa peatlands in northern Sweden Datasets
<p>Datasets used in the writing of "InSAR measured permafrost degradation of palsa peatlands in northern Sweden" published in The Cryosphere. </p> <p>The processed interferometric data and deformation maps are commercially sensitive and<br>may be made available upon reasonable request (by email) from the corresponding author.</p>
Data on spatiotemporal thermokarst pond characteristics from a permafrost peatland, northern Sweden
<p>Data related to the article: <span><span>Seemann</span><span>, </span><span>F.</span></span><span> & </span><span><span>Sannel</span><span>, </span><span>A.B.K.</span></span><span> (</span><span>2024</span><span>) </span><span>Morphology and dynamics of thermokarst ponds in a subarctic permafrost peatland, northern Sweden</span><span>. </span><span>Earth Surf. Process. Landforms</span><span>, Available from: </span><a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.6021" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.6021</a><span>.</span></p> <p>Each file contains metadata information. Detailed information on data aquisition can be found in the article. </p> <p>Study area: Dávvavuopmi, northern Sweden (68°28'N, 20°54'E)</p> <p>Fieldwork was conducted 24 August – 3 September 2021.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
A new approach to simulate peat accumulation, degradation and stability in a global land surface scheme (JULES vn5.8_accumulate_soil) for northern and temperate peatlands
<p>This is the data (model output from JULES and observational data) used in the paper "A new approach to simulate peat accumulation, degradation and stability in a global land surface scheme (JULES vn5.8_accumulate_soil) for northern and temperate peatlands" for the resubmitted version after review of the discussion paper in Geoscientific Model Development Discussions (2021) https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2021-263. R code is provided that will recreate all of the plots in the paper using the data provided. These data include outputs from the JULES model including developments to represent peat accumulation, and observational data of peat properties (most are taken from other sources: references provided therein).</p>
Future greenhouse gas balance of northern peatlands
<p>Time series of CO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions (1861-2299) from northern peatlands, simulated by five land surface models. </p>
Methane Fluxes and 13C-CH4 from a Northern Temperate Peatland
<p>This dataset contains methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) emissions and their <sup>13</sup>C isotope composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub>) measured using the static flux chamber method in a poor fen in New Hampshire, USA. Measurements were collected weekly (CH<sub>4</sub> emissions) to bi-weekly (δ<sup>13</sup>C-CH<sub>4</sub>) from flux collars with varying microtopgraphy (hummock, lawn, and wet) from May to August 2020 and 2021. Datasets includes metadata of water table depth, peat and air temperature, and precipitation collected alongside flux meausurements. Each data file contains a "README" tab with a guide for variable units and descriptions. </p>
Data from: A regime shift from erosion to carbon accumulation in a temperate northern peatland
<p>Peatlands are globally important ecosystems but many are degraded and some are eroding. However, some degraded peatlands are undergoing apparently spontaneous recovery, with switches from erosion to renewed carbon accumulation—a type of ecological regime shift. We used a palaeoecological approach to investigate and help understand such a switch in a blanket peatland in North Wales, UK. Our data show: (a) a rapid accumulation of new peat after the switch from the eroding state, with between 5.2 and 10.6 kg m<sup>-2</sup> carbon accumulating since the beginning of the recovery which occurred between the late 1800s and early to mid‐1900s CE, with an average carbon accumulation rate in the new peat between 46 and 121 g C m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>; (b) three main successional pathways in peat‐forming vegetation; and (c) hydrological changes with an increase to moderately high water‐tables after the switch that promoted new carbon accumulation as well as protecting vulnerable old carbon. External factors, including changes in climate and industrial activity, can only partially explain our results. Following previous studies, we suggest that internal ecosystem processes offer a substantial part of the explanation and interpret the switch to renewed carbon accumulation as a bifurcation‐type tipping point involving changes in the physical form of the eroded landscape. <i>Synthesis</i>. Our long‐term ecological data reveal a switch from a degraded peatland with active erosion and loss of carbon to a revegetated, wetter peatland accumulating carbon. The switch can be interpreted as a bifurcation tipping point. We suggest that external factors such as climate and pollution levels are important for setting suitable boundary conditions for peatland recovery, but internal mechanisms can explain the change in peatland state. Our study is the first of its kind to apply tipping‐point theory to the internal mechanisms linked to peat erosion and recovery and may help improve understanding of the trajectories of other peatlands in a changing climate.</p>
PEATCLSM(Tb): A land surface data assimilation product for peatlands using PEATCLSM and brightness temperature (Tb) satellite observations (Northern Hemisphere output, Jan 2010 through Sep 2021)
<p>The dataset archived here includes an extended version of the analysis output shown in the paper, “Improved Groundwater Table and L-band Brightness Temperature Estimates for Northern Hemisphere Peatlands Using New Model Physics and SMOS Observations in a Global Data Assimilation Framework”, published in Remote Sensing of Environment Journal (Bechtold et al., 2020). The output was produced by combining peatland-specific land surface modeling (Bechtold et al., 2019b) embedded in the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model (CLSM) with L-band brightness temperature (Tb) observations (SMOS), applying the data assimilation framework of the SMAP Level‐4 Soil Moisture product (Reichle et al., 2019). We provide a single NetCDF file of the analysis output (9-km resolution EASEv2 grid, period Jan 2010 through Sep 2021, and between 45°N and 70°N, NE Asia excluded):<br> • daily_images.nc: Daily land states and fluxes (Table 1), provided as netCDF image-chunked image stack</p> <p>The file content is described in the file PEATCLSM_Tb_Documentation_20230830.pdf</p> <p>Please contact Michel Bechtold (michel.bechtold@kuleuven.be) for any questions.</p> <p>Data usage statement:<br> This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/<br> If you decide to work with this data, we kindly ask to be informed at the outset of the nature of this work. If the data are essential to the work, or if an important result or conclusion depends on the PEATCLSM(Tb) data product, we would appreciate that you discuss these findings with us to ensure correct use and interpretation of the PEATCLSM(Tb) product. Furthermore, we are continuously improving the data assimilation product, a discussion of your work at an early stage may (i) help us to improve our product, and (ii) allow us to provide you with a newer version. Thanks!</p> <p>References:</p> <p>Bechtold, M., De Lannoy, G. J. M., Reichle, R. H., & Koster, R. D. (2019a). PEAT-CLSM simulation output (Northern Peatlands) version 1. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/E58YM</p> <p>Bechtold, M. et al. (2019b). PEAT‐CLSM: A Specific Treatment of Peatland Hydrology in the NASA Catchment Land Surface Model. <em>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</em>, <em>11</em>(7), 2130–2162. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001574</p> <p>Bechtold, M., De Lannoy, G. J. M., Reichle, R. H., Roose, D., Balliston, N., Burdun, I., Devito, K., Kurbatova, J., Strack, M., & Zarov, E. A. (2020). Improved Groundwater Table and L-band Brightness Temperature Estimates for Northern Hemisphere Peatlands Using New Model Physics and SMOS Observations in a Global Data Assimilation Framework. <em>Remote Sensing of Environment</em>. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.111805</p> <p>Reichle, R. H., Liu, Q., Koster, R. D., Crow, W. T., De Lannoy, G. J. M., Kimball, J. S., Ardizzone, J. V., Bosch, D., Colliander, A., Cosh, M., Kolassa, J., Mahanama, S. P., Prueger, J., Starks, P., & Walker, J. P. (2019). Version 4 of the SMAP Level-4 Soil Moisture Algorithm and Data Product. <em>Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems</em>, <em>11</em>(10), 3106–3130. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001729</p>
Data from: Can frequent precipitation moderate drought impact on peatmoss carbon uptake in northern peatlands?
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Data from: Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand
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Data from: A regime shift from erosion to carbon accumulation in a temperate northern peatland
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Maps of northern peatland extent, depth, carbon storage and nitrogen storage
<p>This dataset is grids of peatland extent, peat depth, peatland organic carbon storage, peatland total nitrogen storage and approximate extent of ombrotrophic/minerotrophic peatlands. </p> <p>The grids are geotiff files in 10 km pixel resolution projected in the World Azimuthal Equidistant projection. Note that the peat depth grid shows potential peat depth everywhere,also where there is no peatland cover. For files on peatland organic carbon, total nitrogen extent and extent of ombrotrophic/minerotrophic peatlands, there are separate files for Histosols (non-frozen peatlands) and Histels (frozen peatlands).</p> <p>For further details on how the data was created we refer to the paper by Hugelius et al (2020) in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America: "Large stocks of peatland carbon and nitrogen are vulnerable to permafrost thaw" (https://www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1916387117)</p>
Figure 1 from: Wagstaff S, Clarkson B (2012) Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand. PhytoKeys 13: 39-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.13.3259
Figure 1 - Map showing the generalized distribution of Empodisma in Australia and New Zealand and the collection localities of the DNA samples included in our study. The approximate position of the kauri line in New Zealand is shown with a dashed line.
Figure 12 from: Wagstaff S, Clarkson B (2012) Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand. PhytoKeys 13: 39-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.13.3259
Figure 12 - High resolution photograph of a syntype of Empodisma gracillimum (F.Muell.) L.A.S. Johnson & D.F.Cutler. Mueller (1872–74) originally described the plant as Calorophus gracillimus F.Muell. The specimen, Nouvelle-Hollande, Riv. des cygnes, Preiss JA 1711, 1843, P00748711 is held at HERBARIUM MUSEI PARISIENSIS. The syntype was designated by BG Briggs xi.1998.
Figure 4 from: Wagstaff S, Clarkson B (2012) Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand. PhytoKeys 13: 39-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.13.3259
Figure 4 - Comparison of median networks from independent analyses of trnL, rbcL and matK sequences. Bootstrap values / the number of mutations distinguishing each haplotype. are shown beside the branches. The accessions of Empodisma minus from New Zealand are indicated NZ and Australia Aus.
Figure 11 from: Wagstaff S, Clarkson B (2012) Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand. PhytoKeys 13: 39-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.13.3259
Figure 11 - Morphological characteristics of Empodisma minus. A Vegetative shoot with attached leaves and flowers (2.5× actual size) B Rhizomes with emerging vegetative shoots (2.5× actual size) C Vegetative shoot with attached pistillate flower D Pistillate flower with attached bracts E Gynoecium F Mature nut G Vegetative shoot with attached staminate spikelet H Staminate flower with attached bracts I Staminate flower. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 10 from: Wagstaff S, Clarkson B (2012) Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand. PhytoKeys 13: 39-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.13.3259
Figure 10 - High resolution photograph of the lectotype of Empodisma minus (Hook.f.) L.A.S. Johnson & D.F.Cutler. Reproduced with the consent of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, © The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens. Hooker (1853) described the new species Calorophus minor Hook.f. based upon Bidwell, Colenso and Lyall specimens. A specimen collected near Nelson by Bidwell, no. 84, K000441989, was chosen as the lectotype by Moore and Edgar (1970).
Figure 9 from: Wagstaff S, Clarkson B (2012) Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand. PhytoKeys 13: 39-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.13.3259
Figure 9 - Morphological characteristics of Empodisma robustum. A Vegetative shoot with attached leaves and flowers (actual size) B Rhizomes with emerging vegetative shoots (2.5× actual size) C Vegetative shoot with attached pistillate flower D Pistillate flower with attached bracts E Gynoecium F Mature nut G Vegetative shoot with attached staminate spikelet H Staminate flower with attached bracts I Staminate flower. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 6 from: Wagstaff S, Clarkson B (2012) Systematics and ecology of the Australasian genus Empodisma (Restionaceae) and description of a new species from peatlands in northern New Zealand. PhytoKeys 13: 39-79. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.13.3259
Figure 6 - Box plots illustrating patterns of morphological variation among the species of Empodisma. The box spans the interquartile range of the values in the variate. The middle 50% of the data lie within the box, with a line showing the median. The whiskers extend beyond the ends of the box as far as the minimum and maximum values.
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