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Dataset results
30 results for “novel object”
Eurasian tree sparrows are more food neophobic and habituate to novel objects more slowly than house sparrows
<p>Introductions of non-native species throughout the world have had severe ecological consequences. However, most research has focused on environmental and ecological factors that allow for introduced species to succeed and become invasive, with fewer studies assessing the roles of behavioural and cognitive traits. To help fill this knowledge gap, we studied neophobia, an aversion towards novelty, in the non-native Eurasian tree sparrow (<em>Passer montanus</em>), and compared results to previous work in a more successful invasive congener, the house sparrow (<em>Passer domesticus</em>). We assessed the neophobia of wild-caught Eurasian tree sparrows by measuring their responses to novel objects and novel foods and their ability to habituate to initially novel objects. We predicted that Eurasian tree sparrows, as less successful invaders, would overall be more neophobic than house sparrows. Although we did not observe differences in neophobia towards novel objects in the two species, Eurasian tree sparrows were significantly less willing to try novel foods than house sparrows. Eurasian tree sparrows were also slower to habituate to repeated presentations of the same initially novel object compared to house sparrows. Multiple factors certainly influence invasion success, but our results suggest that neophobia might limit the success of an introduced species in novel environments.</p>
A novel method for objective identification of 3-D potential vorticity anomalies - Visualizations using Met.3D
<p>This video provides 3-D visualizations of the outputs of the Potential Vorticity anomaly identification technique regarding an investigated case study. An in-depth description of the algorithm, as well as evaluations of the visible results are performed in the study.</p>
Data from: Eurasian tree sparrows are more food neophobic and habituate to novel objects more slowly than house sparrows
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A dataset for evaluating one-shot categorization of novel object classes
<p>From just a single example, we can derive quite precise intuitions about what other class members look like. This stands in stark contrast to machine learning algorithms, which typically require tens or even hundreds of thousands of examples to learn a new category. One of the most important open questions in our field is: How do humans achieve this? The stimuli and data provided here (in MATLAB format) are from thousands of crowd-sourced human responses to novel objects. The data can be used to test machine learning generalization as compared to human and also can be used as a test bed for various kinds of category learning models. </p>
Data from: Wild samango monkeys, Cercopithecus mitis, balance risk and opportunity to interact with novel objects in village gardens
Research suggests that wild animals in urban areas exhibit heightened behavioral flexibility when they encounter novel human-made objects, but most such studies compared responses in urban populations with those from disjunct populations in less disturbed environments. We therefore know little about intrapopulation variation in cognitive or behavioral flexibility under different conditions of anthropogenic exposure. Here, we investigate object exploration and behavioral flexibility in a single group of samango monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis) in an environment where individuals forage in both gardens and natural forest. Over two months, we presented monkeys with novel, human-made objects in both natural and disturbed areas, varying the position of objects in trees to represent exposed or safer foraging zones. We video-recorded and analyzed interactions with these novel objects, assessing interaction times (an indicator of persistence), exploratory diversity (or motor diversity), and the occurrence of foraging innovations. Results from 67 interactions (29 in natural habitats and 38 in disturbed) indicate that samango monkeys exhibited a spatially complex response to novel objects: in contrast to other species, exploration diversity decreased significantly in anthropogenic environments, even as persistence remained largely static across contexts. Monkeys also exhibited foraging innovations by pulling on strings to bring objects closer. This may reduce exposure to danger, as string-pulling was most prevalent in the highest risk condition (ground level in human gardens). Significant intrapopulation variation in behavioral flexibility suggests that samango monkeys adjust the expression of problem-solving behaviors in relation to the degree of human disturbance in their immediate environment.
Data from: Evidence for normal novel object recognition abilities in developmental prosopagnosia
<p>The issue of the face specificity of recognition deficits in developmental prosopagnosia (DP) is fundamental to the organisation of high-level visual memory and has been increasingly debated in recent years. Previous DP investigations have found some evidence of object recognition impairments, but have almost exclusively used familiar objects (e.g., cars), where performance may depend on acquired object-specific experience and related visual expertise. An object recognition test not influenced by experience could provide a better, less contaminated measure of DPs' object recognition abilities. To investigate this, in the current study we tested 30 DPs and 30 matched controls on a novel object memory test (NOMT Ziggerins) and the Cambridge Face Memory Test (CFMT). DPs were impaired on the CFMT but showed no differences in accuracy or reaction times to controls on the NOMT. We found similar results when comparing DPs to a larger sample of 274 web-based controls. Additional individual analyses demonstrated that the rates of object recognition impairment in DPs did not differ from the rate of impairment in either control group. Together, these results demonstrate unimpaired object recognition in DPs for a class of novel objects that serves as a powerful index for broader novel object recognition capacity.</p>
Dopamine activity in the tail of the striatum, DeepLabCut and MoSeq during novel object exploration
<p>In this study, we characterized dynamics of novelty exploration using multi-point tracking (DeepLabCut) and behavioral segmentation (MoSeq). Mice were habituated in an arena, and then a object was placed at the corner of the arena. We compared 4 groups of mice: one with presentation of a novel object (stimulus novelty), one with a presentation of a familiar object (contextual novelty), one with presentation of a novel object after ablation of dopamine neuorns that project to the tail of the striatum (TS), and one with presentation of a novel object after sham surgery. With a separate group of mice, dopamine activity in TS was recorded during novelty exploration.</p>
Urban and rural chickadee response to novel object and simulated predator
<p>Urbanization is changing natural landscapes worldwide, pushing species to quickly acclimate or adapt if they are to survive in urban environments. Mountain chickadees (<em>Poecile gambeli</em>) readily nest in both urban and rural environments without suffering apparent reproductive costs. However, whether urban-nesting chickadees are successful in these environments due to differences in behaviour between urban and rural birds remains untested. We examined the behavioural responses of urban and rural nesting mountain chickadee females when presented with a novel object (red plastic cup) or simulated predator (imitation squirrel model) at the nest. Behavioural responses depended on both the type of model and the habitat. As expected, mountain chickadees responded more strongly to squirrel models than novel objects; however, the magnitude of the difference in response depended on habitat. Urban birds seemingly ignored the novel object, spending little time investigating, and re-entering the nest box quickly. In contrast, rural birds spent more time reacting to the novel object and alarm calling within 5 m of the nest. When presented with a predator model, the urban birds reacted relatively more strongly (compared to the novel stimulus) than rural birds, spending more time within 5 m of the nest and alarm calling. These results suggest that either mountain chickadees in urban environments quickly acclimatize to the presence of novel objects or, potentially, that less neophobic birds disproportionately settle in urban environments or experience positive selection in urban areas. Either way, reduced neophobia may aid in mountain chickadees' ability to readily and successfully nest in such habitats.</p>
Behavioral responses to a series of similar but distinct novel objects in house sparrows
<p>Generalization refers to the process by which animals assign different stimuli into cognitive categories based on their similarity/dissimilarity to previously experienced stimuli. Stimuli which strongly deviate from previous experience may be avoided due to their novelty (i.e., neophobia), while stimuli which are sufficiently similar to a known/recognized cue may elicit the same response as that cue (i.e., generalization). While generalization has been widely researched, few studies have examined among-individual variance in its expression. Our study quantified among-individual variation in neophobia and generalization in house sparrows (<em>Passer domesticus</em>) by placing a series of different objects next to each subject's food source on successive days and measuring the subject's latency to approach the food source in the presence vs. absence of each object. Similarly to previous work, we found that house sparrows are neophobic on average and exhibit significant among-individual variance in neophobia. More interestingly, we found that the neophobic response declined across presentations of different novel objects. This implies that the sparrows generalized some aspect(s) of the objects. We also found significant among-individual variance in the rate at which approach latency changed across this series, possibly reflecting individual differences in propensity to generalize. These results raise new questions about how neophobia, habituation, and generalization are linked and about the potential for selection to act on these traits under different ecological conditions.</p>
Utilizing Novel Dipole Density Capabilities to Objectively Visualize the Etiology of Rhythms in Atrial Fibrillation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02825992. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 6. Publications: 1.
Dopamine activity in the tail of the striatum, DeepLabCut and MoSeq during novel object exploration
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Data from: Evidence for normal novel object recognition abilities in developmental prosopagnosia
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Data from: Wild samango monkeys, Cercopithecus mitis, balance risk and opportunity to interact with novel objects in village gardens
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Urban and rural chickadee response to novel object and simulated predator
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Behavioral responses to a series of similar but distinct novel objects in house sparrows
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Data for Radial arm maze tests and Novel object recognition test
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Background</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Aging population is rapidly expanding worldwide, and age-related cognitive impairments proves detrimental for achieving a better productive and quality of life. Lack of effective therapies for age-related cognitive impairment focuses attention on developing preventive strategies, such as nutritional interventions, cell therapies and environmental manipulations. The objective of present study was to explore the comparative benefits of potential memory-enhancing strategies like supplementation of choline and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or administration of conditioned media derived from human embryonic kidney stem cells (HEK-CM) or exposure to environmental enrichment (EE), that attenuates cognitive impairments in aging mice. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Results</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Spatial memory and cognition were decreased in normal aging mice. Aged mice exposed to dietary Ch-DHA or HEK-CM showed significant enhancement in spatial learning tasks, memory and cognition compared to the same in age-matched NAC mice. Ch-DHA and HEK-CM treated mice committed significantly lesser reference memory errors and attained a higher percentage of correct choices in spatial learning and memory tasks. Moreover, on testing for cognition in</span><span> NORT,</span><span> significantly higher number of visits to the novel object was observed in Ch-DHA supplemented and HEK-CM administered aging mice whereas HEK-CM and EE mice groups showed significantly greater number of visits to familiar object, when compared to same in age-matched NAC and HI-HEKCM groups respectively</span><span>.</span><span> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Conclusion</span></strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Supplementation of Ch-DHA and HEK CM treatment strategies have a higher potential [~ 20-30%] for enhancing spatial learning, memory and cognition in normal aged mice, whereas exposure to enriched environment seems to enhance only their short term memory.</span></p>
Classical Center-Surround Receptive Fields Facilitate Novel Object Detection in Retinal Bipolar Cells
<p>Database and Figures in Igor format</p>
Data for Radial arm maze tests and Novel object recognition test
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RNA-Seq data from cortex and hippocampus (post novel object recognition test) of rats in a vagus nerve stimulation study
GEO Series GSE134309. Rattus norvegicus. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Evaluation of a Novel Class of Objective Myofascial Pain Assessments
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05793086. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.