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1,768 results for “nutrient”
Desert Fertilization Experiment: investigation of Sonoran desert ecosystem response to atmospheric deposition and experimental nutrient addition, ongoing since 2006
Launched in 2006 with support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and leveraged by the CAP LTER, the Carbon and Nitrogen deposition (CNdep) project sought to answer the fundamental question of whether elemental cycles in urban ecosystems are qualitatively different from those in non-urban ecosystems. Ecosystem scientists, atmospheric chemists, and biogeochemists tested the hypothesis that distinct biogeochemical pathways result from elevated inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon deposition from the atmosphere to the land. To test the hypothesis, scientists examined the responsiveness of Sonoran desert ecosystems to nutrient enrichment by capitalizing on a gradient of atmospheric deposition in and around the greater Phoenix metropolitan area. Fifteen desert study sites were established, with five locations each west and east of the urban core, and in the urban core in desert preserves. In addition to the gradient of atmospheric deposition in and around the urban core, select study plots at each of the fifteen desert locations receive amendments of nitrogen, phosphorus, or nitrogen + phosphorus fertilizer. Measured variables include soil properties, perennial and annual plant growth, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen. At the close of the initial grant period, the CAP LTER assumed responsibility for the project, renamed the Desert Fertilization Experiment, which provides a remarkable platform to study the long-term effects of nutrient enrichment on desert ecosystem properties.
Nutrient Network (NutNet) basic sampling at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER in summer 2019.
NutNet is a distributed ecological experiment with a sampling component and an experiment. The goal of this work was to conduct the NutNet sampling protocol at the GCE site. Comparisons can be made 1) within the GCE site, and 2) between GCE and other NutNet sites, most of which are terrestrial. More about Nutnet here: http://www.nutnet.umn.edu/.
Cascade project at North Temperate Lake LTER – Daily Respiration Data for Whole Lake Nutrient Additions 2013-2015
Daily estimates of ecosystem respiration and values of covariates from surface waters of Paul, Peter, and Tuesday lakes from mid-May to early September for the years 2013, 2014, and 2015. Inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus were added to Peter and Tuesday lakes each year while Paul Lake was an unfertilized reference.
Desert Fertilization Experiment: investigation of Sonoran desert ecosystem response to atmospheric deposition and experimental nutrient addition, ongoing since 2006 (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-cap/632/9. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context:
Water column and sediment porewater nutrient concentrations from lagoon, river, and ocean sites along the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast, 2018-ongoing
Several water types (lagoon, river, ocean) and surface sediment porewater samples from the coastal Beaufort Sea system were sampled seasonally to investigate temporal and spatial shifts in nutrient dynamics. Surface and bottom water samples were collected in April, June, July, and August and analyzed for ammonium, nitrate + nitrite, orthophosphate, and silica.
Soil Characteristic and Nutrient Data from the Taylor Slough, within Everglades National Park (FCE), from March 2002 to April 2004
Three random soil cores are collected once a year from TS/Ph 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5, & 6b. The collection of these soil cores is in the dry season (Dec.-May). The top 10cm of soil is collected using a soil core. The soil is then analyzed to obtain its bulk density, organic matter content, TC, TN, and TP.
Soil Characteristics and Nutrient Data from the Shark River Slough, within Everglades National Park (FCE), from March 2003 to March 2004
Three random soil cores are collected once a year from SRS1b, SRS2, and SRS3. The collection of these soil cores is in the dry season (Dec.-May). The top 10cm of soil is collected using a soil core. The soil is then analyzed to obtain its bulk density, organic matter content, TC, TN, and TP.
Inorganic Nutrient Concentrations in Forested Headwater Streams at Harvard Forest since 2017
For the past 8000 years hemlock has been the foundation species throughout the northeast. The unique functional characteristics of Hemlock have dictated biogeochemical fluxes from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems (Ellison et al. 2005). Unfortunately, it is currently in an irreversible decline due to the Hemlock Wooly Adelgid and the consequences on riparian ecology are unknown but likely profound (Adams et al. 2012). Red maple, black birch, and northern red oak are some of the most abundant trees in southern New England and are poised to replace hemlock across the landscape (Orwig et al. 2012). Decline and loss of hemlock, and its replacement with hardwood species containing different functional traits are expected to lead to changes in litterfall inputs, forest evapotranspiration, surface water hydrology, including seasonal streamflow/stormflow dynamics, stream temperature, decomposition, and nutrient release (Ellison et al. 2005; Ford and Vose 2007; Guswa and Spence 2011;Brantley et al. 2014). This anticipated shift to hardwoods has far reaching effects as it will significantly alter receiving water primary productivity and food web structure (Humborg et al. 2000, Garnier et al. 2010) by changing watershed N:P:Si export ratios and nutrient availability downstream (e.g., Currie et al. 1996, Fulweiler and Nixon 2005, Carey and Fulweiler 2013). The goal of this ongoing project is to quantify watershed export of inorganic nutrients overtime from the three gauged forested streams at Harvard Forest. To do this we aim to collect samples weekly and then we will calculate monthly, seasonal, and annual changes in inorganic nutrient export. Further we are investigating inorganic nutrient concentration as well as flux vs. stream discharge patterns to better understand the role of physical vs. biological processes in driving watershed nutrient export.
Allochthonous Nutrients in the Sarracenia Microecosystem at Harvard Forest 2005-2007
Linkages between detritus-based ("brown") food webs and producer-based ("green") food webs are critical components of ecosystem functionality, but these linkages are difficult to study because soil is opaque and brown food webs are poorly characterized. We used the well-defined detritus-based food web that forms in water-filled leaves of the pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea to directly study how food web structure affects nitrogen (N) transformation and N-uptake by the plant itself. We used isotopically-enriched prey (detritus) and soluble inorganic N to test three predictions of the hypotheses that N uptake efficiency (UE) by S. purpurea is enhanced by the presence of a complete food web in its pitchers: (1) presence of top trophic levels increases UE of prey-derived, but not inorganic, N; (2) UE is contingent on availability of different forms of N; and (3) congeneric Sarracenia species that do not host food webs differ from S. purpurea in UE of prey-derived N. Surprisingly, none of these predictions were borne out in a 3-month greenhouse experiment. We conclude that the higher trophic-level members of this brown food web actively process detritus, but it is the activity of the microbial component of this web that ultimately influences N-availability in S. purpurea.
Cascade Project at North Temperate Lakes LTER Core Data Nutrients 1991 - 2019
Physical and chemical variables are measured at one central station near the deepest point of each lake. In most cases these measurements are made in the morning (0800 to 0900). Vertical profiles are taken at varied depth intervals. Chemical measurements are sometimes made in a pooled mixed layer sample (PML); sometimes in the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion; and sometimes in vertical profiles. In the latter case, depths for sampling usually correspond to the surface plus depths of 50percent, 25percent, 10percent, 5percent and 1percent of surface irradiance. The 1991-1999 chemistry data was obtained from the Lachat auto-analyzer. Like the process data, there are up to seven samples per sampling date due to Van Dorn collections across a depth interval according to percent irradiance. Voichick and LeBouton (1994) describe the autoanalyzer procedures in detail. Nutrient samples were sent to the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies for analysis beginning in 2000. The Kjeldahl method for measuring nitrogen is not used at IES, and so measurements reported from 2000 onwards are Total Nitrogen.
Rates of benthic metabolism and nutrient cycling in the Parker and Rowley Rivers of the Plum Island Sound estuary, Massachusetts, PIE LTER.
Rates of benthic metabolism and nutrient cycling in the Parker and Rowley Rivers of the Plum Island Sound estuary. Measurements include those conducted at two sites in the Parker River in Spring (high river discharge) and Fall (low discharge) for long-term monitoring, also at other sites throughout the estuary over a variety of seasons and salinities.
PIE LTER dissolved nutrient and particulate concentrations of freshwater inputs to the Plum Island estuarine system, Massachusetts, taken approximately monthly.
Multi-year data of water chemistry including nutrient concentrations for various forms of N, P, C, as well as suspended sediments, was determined from monthly grab samples taken at watershed inputs to the Plum Island Sound Estuary. Sampling sites were the Ipswich River (Sylvania Dam, Ipswich, MA), Parker River Dam (Central St, Newbury, MA), Egypt River (Ipswich, MA) Mill River (Newbury, MA), Muddy Run (Ipswich, MA), Little River (Newbury, MA). These nutrient concentrations are then used in conjunction with USGS discharge data (recorded at gages in the Parker River at Byfield, MA and the Ipswich River at Ipswich, MA) to calculate annual nutrient loading to the Plum Island Sound Estuary, coming over each dam. Annual yield is also calculated for both dams. Refer to file WAT-VA-Load for loading data.
Water samples collected for dissolved inorganic carbon and nutrient analysis during tidal creek lateral exchange measurements approximately every 15 minutes from beginning of flood tide to the following low tide, Rowley, MA, PIE LTER.
Measurement of the lateral exchange of nutrients, sediment, and carbon in tidal creek systems draining predominantly low-elevation marsh dominated by Spartina alterniflora and high-elevation marsh dominated by Spartina patens located in Rowley, MA.
Daily runoff and nutrient loads for the North Sea and the Baltic Sea based on modelling and observations for the period 1961 to 2019 and adapted to NEMO-SCOBI
<p>This dataset consists of daily values of runoff and reconstructed nutrient loads for the period 1961 to 2019 for the North Sea-Baltic Sea system. Both runoff and nutrient loads were obtained from a model simulation performed with the European application of the Hydrological Predictions for the Environment model v.3.1.8 (E-HYPE). This dataset includes a more realistic number of river outlets than those from observational-based datasets, as not all rivers are monitored, and captures well the interannual variability of all parameters. However, the E-HYPE v.3.1.8 was calibrated to represent 2010 and thus cannot simulate all historical changes related to land management (i.e., the increase of fertilizers in the 1960s). Consequently, the observed rise of nutrients from land due to increased fertilizers and the consequent reduction due to nutrient regulation policy in the 1980s is not captured in the outputs from E-HYPE directly. In the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, this is of primary importance for management policy in eutrophication and deoxygenation. Therefore, we have adapted the E-HYPE nutrient loads based on yearly estimates of historical loads that use riverine concentrations, so that the high tempo-spacial resolution is kept, but with a decadal variability that is closer to reality. This dataset is mainly intended as river forcing for biogeochemical-ocean models (i.e. NEMO-SCOBI), but can also provide information on rivers that are not included in monitoring programs. Information on the dataset and the methods used to create it is given as a downloadable PDF file (E-HYPE DecVar documentation.pdf) together with two datasets and the mesh grid file (area_NEMO-Nordic.nc). The datasets are yearly netCDF files one containing daily runoff and nutrient loads for phosphate, nitrate, ammonium, organic nitrogen and organic phosphorus (zip_ehypeDecVar.zip) and the other one provides monthly silica loads (zip_silica.zip). </p>
High-frequency dissolved oxygen, water temperature, wind speed, and radiation data; stream and in-lake nutrient concentration data; and daily metabolism and nutrient loading estimates for 16 lakes in North America and Northern Europe.
In lakes, ecosystem structure and processes are influenced by gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP). The rates of these metabolic processes are often controlled by resource availability, which often reflects catchment loads. Although the relationship between catchment loads and in-lake nutrient concentrations may be well defined in specific lakes, we explored how watershed vs. in-lake predictors of metabolism compare across lake types. To do this, we combined stream loads of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) with high frequency in situ monitoring of lake metabolism and in-lake C, N, and P concentrations from 16 lakes spanning a range of latitudes (39 to 64 degrees N), inflowing stream (0 - 6 streams), and trophic status (oligotrophic to eutrophic). The data package includes high-frequency dissolved oxygen, water temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation data as well as daily estimates of GPP, R, and NEP derived from those data. In addition, the data package includes in-lake and stream concentrations of dissolved organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus and stream discharge data. The package also includes estimates of daily carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus loading to each lake derived from the stream concentrations and discharge.
Concentration of nutrients in water samples collected from the upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) during water years 2017 and 2018 (1 Oct 2016 - 30 Sep 2018)
The LTREB monitoring project is a portion of the 200 million-dollar superfund project for ecological restoration of the Clark Fork River, associated tributaries, and head water streams including Silver Bow and Warm Springs Creek. Restoration along the Clark Fork River includes removal of metal-laden floodplain soils, lowering of the floodplain to its original elevation, and re-vegetation of over 70 km of the river's floodplain closest to contaminant sources. The LTREB monitoring project consists of bi-weekly water quality monitoring across a 200-km restoration gradient contaminated by historic mining practices to monitor inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, biotic standing stocks, and heavy metal contamination. The LTREB monitoring project is conducted within the first 200km of the Clark Fork River and associated tributaries located in Western Montana. This LTREB monitoring program began in 2017 and will be completed in the year 2022 with potential for funding extension. Surface water samples represented in this data product are collected from thirteen sites along the mainstem of the upper Clark Fork River. Water samples are collected at each monitoring site in triplicate and filtered with a 0.7 µm glass fiber filter. Nutrient samples are analyzed using a spectrophotometric flow injection analyzer (AP2) for nitrate (N-NO3), soluble reactive phosphorus ((SRP) P-PO4), and ammonium (N-NH4) concentrations reported in mg/L. This data package excludes from the final data product all but three WY2017 NO3N data due to column inefficiency during most measurements. The valid, analysis-ready data of this dataset therefore primarily represent two sets of Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) processed data from thirteen sites along the mainstem of the upper Clark Fork River: NH4N and SRP concentrations collected in water year 2017 (1 Oct 2016 - 30 Sept 2017) and NH4N, SRP, and NO3N collected in water year 2018 (1 Oct 2017 - 30 Sept 2018).
Concentration of nutrients in water samples collected from the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) during water year 2020 (1 Oct 2019 - 30 Sept 2020)
The umbrella Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR) Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) monitoring project generating these data is conducted separately and complementarily to the $200 million-dollar (USD) superfund project for ecological restoration of the UCFR, associated tributaries, and head water streams including Silver Bow and Warm Springs Creeks. Restoration along the Upper Clark Fork River includes removal of metal-laden floodplain soils, lowering of the floodplain to its original elevation, and re-vegetation of over 70 km of the river's floodplain closest to contaminant sources. The UCFR LTREB project includes bi-weekly water quality monitoring across a 200-km gradient of heavy metal contamination associated with historic mining. Monitoring includes inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, biotic standing stocks, and dissolved and whole-water heavy metal concentrations. The UCFR LTREB monitoring project is conducted within the first 200 km of the Upper Clark Fork River and associated tributaries located in western Montana. The current monitoring program began in 2017 and will be completed in the year 2023, with likely funding extension to 2028. Surface water samples represented in this data product are collected from fourteen sites along the mainstem of the UCFR, and three sites representing major tributaries to the UCFR. Water samples are collected at each monitoring site in triplicate and filtered with a 0.7-µm glass fiber filter. Nutrient samples are analyzed using a spectrophotometric flow injection analyzer (AP2) for nitrate (NO3-N), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP, as representative of PO4-P), and ammonium (NH4-N) concentrations reported in mg/L. The analysis-ready data of this dataset therefore represent Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) processed NH4-N, SRP, and NO3-N concentrations from fourteen sites along the mainstem of the UCFR and three tributaries, collected in water year 2020 (1 Oct 2019 - 30 Sept 2020).
Concentration of nutrients in water samples collected from the Upper Clark Fork River (Montana, USA) during water year 2021 (1 Oct 2020 - 30 Sept 2021)
The umbrella Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR) Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) monitoring project generating these data is conducted separately and complementarily to the $200 million-dollar (USD) superfund project for ecological restoration of the UCFR, associated tributaries, and head water streams including Silver Bow and Warm Springs Creeks. Restoration along the Upper Clark Fork River includes removal of metal-laden floodplain soils, lowering of the floodplain to its original elevation, and re-vegetation of over 70 km of the river's floodplain closest to contaminant sources. The UCFR LTREB project includes bi-weekly water quality monitoring across a 200-km gradient of heavy metal contamination associated with historic mining. Monitoring includes inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, biotic standing stocks, and dissolved and whole-water heavy metal concentrations. The UCFR LTREB monitoring project is conducted within the first 200 km of the Upper Clark Fork River and associated tributaries located in western Montana. The current monitoring program began in 2017 and will be completed in the year 2023, with likely funding extension to 2028. Surface water samples represented in this data product are collected from thirteen sites along the mainstem of the UCFR, and three sites representing major tributaries to the UCFR. Water samples are collected at each monitoring site in triplicate and filtered with a 0.7-µm glass fiber filter. Nutrient samples are analyzed using a spectrophotometric flow injection analyzer (AP2) for nitrate (NO3-N), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP, as representative of PO4-P), and ammonium (NH4-N) concentrations reported in mg/L. The analysis-ready data of this dataset therefore represent Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QAQC) processed NH4-N, SRP, and NO3-N concentrations from thirteen sites along the mainstem of the UCFR and three tributaries, collected in water year 2021 (1 Oct 2020 - 30 Sept 2021).
H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program Surface Water and Soil Nutrient Content from Wetlands across Ohio, USA (2021–2022).
This data package contains surface water and soil nutrient concentration datasets from wetland projects across Ohio, USA monitored by the H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program. Monitoring began in May 2021 and is ongoing. This data package will be updated yearly. In general, surface water samples are collected to measure concentrations of major nutrients, including inorganic nitrogen, ammonium-nitrogen, total nitrogen, dissolved reactive phosphorus, and total phosphorus. Sampling from major inflows and outflows is prioritized at flow-through wetland projects to support the calculation of nutrient filtration estimates using mass balance approaches. Surface water samples may also be collected from representative zones or hydrologic features with sufficient standing water (i.e., vernal pools, vegetated areas, interconnected smaller pond-like areas, etc.) to assess nutrient conditions and processes within the wetland system. The majority of surface water sampling (~monthly) occurs from March through December, with opportunistic sampling in January and February. Every effort is made to collect samples during hydrologic events (i.e., storms) as well as baseflow conditions. Concurrent with surface water sampling, hand-held multiparameter sensors are used to measure snapshots of physicochemical characteristics including dissolved oxygen, temperature, specific conductance, turbidity, and pH. Soil samples (0-5 cm) are collected in saturated and unsaturated zones at each identified soil "patch" determined from expert opinion, soil maps (Natural Resources Conservation Service), and/or hydrogeophysical assessment. Additionally, soil samples may be collected along major visible hydrologic or elevation gradients. Soil sampling occurs 1-3 times a year in select wetland projects.
H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program Vegetation Community Composition, Biomass, and Nutrient Content across Ohio, USA (2021-2022)
This data package includes vegetation community composition, percent cover, biomass, and nutrient concentration data from wetland projects across Ohio, USA, monitored by the H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program. Monitoring began in July 2021 and is ongoing, with annual updates planned. While data collection varies by site, most wetlands are surveyed to characterize vegetation and estimate nutrient stocks through community composition assessments and biomass sampling. Sampling points are randomly generated within and up to 5 meters outside the approximated wetland boundary. Surveys are conducted at points where wetland species (FAC–OBL) are present using a 1×1 meter quadrat to record species composition and percent cover. At approximately half of these locations, a 0.25×0.25 meter quadrat is placed outside the northeast corner to collect vegetation samples for nutrient analysis. In these smaller quadrats, community composition and percent cover are recorded prior to sampling aboveground biomass and, at approximately one third of those sites, belowground biomass. Datasets collected by the H2Ohio Wetland Monitoring Program containing surface water and soil nutrient concentration from samples collected at Ohio wetlands during the 2021–2022 sampling period can be found in an accompanying data package (edi.2087) at https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/297bd6d93b4fcc8416e4225834db380e.
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