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12 results for “nutrient deposition”
Desert Fertilization Experiment: investigation of Sonoran desert ecosystem response to atmospheric deposition and experimental nutrient addition, ongoing since 2006
Launched in 2006 with support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and leveraged by the CAP LTER, the Carbon and Nitrogen deposition (CNdep) project sought to answer the fundamental question of whether elemental cycles in urban ecosystems are qualitatively different from those in non-urban ecosystems. Ecosystem scientists, atmospheric chemists, and biogeochemists tested the hypothesis that distinct biogeochemical pathways result from elevated inorganic nitrogen and organic carbon deposition from the atmosphere to the land. To test the hypothesis, scientists examined the responsiveness of Sonoran desert ecosystems to nutrient enrichment by capitalizing on a gradient of atmospheric deposition in and around the greater Phoenix metropolitan area. Fifteen desert study sites were established, with five locations each west and east of the urban core, and in the urban core in desert preserves. In addition to the gradient of atmospheric deposition in and around the urban core, select study plots at each of the fifteen desert locations receive amendments of nitrogen, phosphorus, or nitrogen + phosphorus fertilizer. Measured variables include soil properties, perennial and annual plant growth, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen. At the close of the initial grant period, the CAP LTER assumed responsibility for the project, renamed the Desert Fertilization Experiment, which provides a remarkable platform to study the long-term effects of nutrient enrichment on desert ecosystem properties.
Desert Fertilization Experiment: investigation of Sonoran desert ecosystem response to atmospheric deposition and experimental nutrient addition, ongoing since 2006 (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-cap/632/9. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context:
Desert Fertilization Experiment: investigation of Sonoran desert ecosystem response to atmospheric deposition and experimental nutrient addition, ongoing since 2006 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)
This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/edi/253/3, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-cap/632/9. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context:
Atmospheric deposition fields of nutrients (N, Fe, and P)
<p>Past (1850), present (2010), and future projected (2010) atmospheric nutrient deposition data used in PISCES simulations for the publication: Myriokefalitakis, S., Gröger, M., Hieronymus, J., and Döscher, R.: An explicit estimate of the atmospheric nutrient impact on global oceanic productivity, Ocean Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/os-2020-27, in review, 2020.</p>
Sediment and nutrient deposition and plant-soil phosphorus interactions associated with Hurricane Irma (2017) in mangroves of the Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE LTER), Florida
We quantified how Hurricane Irma influenced soil nutrient pools, vertical accretion, and plant phosphorus (P) uptake after its passage across the Florida Coastal Everglades in September 2017. Mangrove leaf litter data from three years (2008, 2014, 2018) were selected for each site at Shark River estuary to identify species-specific foliar P responses post-Wilma’s impact in 2005 and immediate post-Irma’s impact in 2017. We also monitored porewater SRP concentrations in the Shark River mangrove sites to evaluate the effect of Hurricane Irma on soil chemistry. The data in this data package were used in the following paper: Castañeda-Moya, E., V.H. Rivera-Monroy, R.M. Chambers, X. Zhao, L. Lamb-Wotton, A. Gorsky, E.E. Gaiser, T.G. Troxler, J.S. Kominoski, and M. Hiatt. 2020. Hurricanes fertilize mangrove forests in the Gulf of Mexico (Florida Everglades, USA). PNAS. In Press.
Data for: Geolocation and immersion loggers reveal year-round residency and consequent nutrient deposition rates of adult red-footed boobies in the Chagos Archipelago, tropical Indian Ocean
<p>Bio-logging has revealed much about high-latitude seabird migratory strategies, but migratory behaviour in tropical species may differ, with implications for understanding nutrient deposition. Here we use combined light-level and saltwater immersion loggers to study the year-round movement behaviour of adult red-footed boobies (<em>Sula sula rubripes</em>) from the Chagos Archipelago, tropical Indian Ocean to assess migratory movements and estimate nutrient deposition rates based on the number of days they spent ashore. Light levels suggest that red-footed boobies are resident in the Chagos Archipelago year-round, although there are large latitudinal errors this close to the equator. Immersion data also indicate residency with tracked birds returning to land every one or two days. Spending an average of 79.86 ± 2.80 days and 280.84 ± 2.64 nights per year on land allows us to estimate that the 21,670 pairs of red-footed boobies deposit 37.34 ± 0.56 tonnes year<sup>-1</sup> of guano-derived nitrogen throughout the archipelago. Our findings have implications for tropical seabird conservation and phylogenetics, as well as for assessing the impact of seabird nutrients on coral reef ecosystems.</p>
Data for: Geolocation and immersion loggers reveal year-round residency and consequent nutrient deposition rates of adult red-footed boobies in the Chagos Archipelago, tropical Indian Ocean
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Nutrient deposition on Arctic fox dens creates atypical tundra plant assemblages at the edge of the Arctic
<p class="CxSpFirst"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><i>Questions</i>: In most ecosystems, some organisms can be considered ecosystem engineers because they modify their physical environment in a way that can affect many other organisms. Nutrient deposition may be extremely important as an ecosystem engineering activity in nutrient-limited environments, but this mechanism remains understudied. In low-Arctic tundra, a region characterized by continuous permafrost, low-nutrient soils, and slow nutrient turnover, Arctic foxes (<i>Vulpes lagopus</i>) concentrate nutrients on their dens through fecal deposition and feeding their young. This nutrient concentration enhances productivity in patches on the landscape, likely creating a unique habitat for a variety of plants, and could have cascading effects on the distribution and diversity of vegetation on the tundra. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><i>Location</i>: Low-Arctic tundra in Wapusk National Park, Manitoba, Canada</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><i>Methods</i>: We quantified differences in vegetation composition between 20 fox dens and adjacent control sites. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="CxSpMiddle"><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><i>Results</i>: Plant growth form differed greatly between dens, which were dominated by deciduous grasses near the coast and erect shrubs farther from the coast, and control sites, which were dominated by evergreen prostrate shrubs. Dens also had more forb cover and less cover of lichens, mosses, and sedges. Species composition also varied greatly between control and den areas, with 17 of the 20 species found in at least 10% of the sampled sites being indicator species for dens or control sites. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><i>Conclusions</i><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>: By providing habitat for plants reliant on higher nutrient availability not typical of tundra heath, Arctic foxes enhance the biodiversity of the region. These erect plants may also help create new habitat by retaining snow on normally windswept beach ridges. Overall, this study illustrates the broader impacts of predators on diversity and community composition through mechanisms other than predation.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Western Gull movement and nutrient deposition on Channel Islands, CA
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Nutrient deposition on Arctic fox dens creates atypical tundra plant assemblages at the edge of the Arctic
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Data from: Predators buffer the effects of variation in prey nutrient content for nutrient deposition
Predator feeding behavior and digestion regulate the flow of nutrients through ecosystems by determining the fate of prey nutrients. Most predators feed on a diversity of prey items, which differ widely in traits including their nutrient content. Yet, relatively little is known of the mechanisms through which variation in prey nutrient content affects the form by which nutrients are deposited into the environment. The overall goal of this study was to test how variation in the nutrient content of prey affected the fate of nutrients following predation by an arthropod carnivore, the Carolina wolf spider (Hogna carolinensis).We manipulated the macronutrient content of prey by varying the diet on which crickets were fed to produce prey treatments that differed in lipid and protein content. Nutrients were measured as both macronutrients and elements in prey and elements in excreta. We found that there was no effect of diet treatment on the amount of elements or macronutrients in prey carcasses and excreta despite significant variation in the nutrient content of those prey. This is in contrast to studies of some aquatic systems where mass balance by consumers results in variation in excreta content depending on the nutrient content of food. Wolf spiders assimilated the majority of prey nutrients and deposited relatively small and similar amounts of nutrients following feeding. Hence, while prey can vary widely in nutrient content, our findings suggest that this variation has little effect on the amounts of nutrients deposited by predators.
Data from: Predators buffer the effects of variation in prey nutrient content for nutrient deposition
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