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21 results for “nutrient distribution”
Soil chemistry and nutrient distribution in long-term NPP plots at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1989
This dataset contains soil nutrient and chemistry data from soils collected in 1989 at the 15 long-term NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site. The study sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. In 1989, replicate soil samples were collected at multiple depths from buffer zones surrounding the long-term vegetation monitoring plots. Nutrient and chemical analyses were subsequently performed on these soils, and the data here include inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, pH, cation concentration, percent organic carbon, and other variables. This dataset is complete.
Soil chemistry and nutrient distribution in long-term NPP plots at the Jornada Basin LTER site, 1991
This dataset contains soil nutrient and chemistry data from soils collected in 1991 at the 15 long-term NPP study sites at the Jornada Basin LTER site. The study sites were selected to represent the 5 major ecosystem types in the Chihuahuan Desert (upland grasslands, playa grasslands, mesquite-dominated shrublands, creosotebush-dominated shrublands, tarbush-dominated shrublands). For each ecosystem type, three sites were selected to represent the range in variability in production and plant diversity; thus the locations are not replicates. In fall of 1991, replicate soil samples were collected at multiple spatial grid designs in the biomass plots of the long-term vegetation monitoring plots. Nutrient and chemical analyses were subsequently performed on these soils, and the data here include total nitrogen, pH, gravimetric water content, and other variables. This dataset is complete.
Linking temporal changes in species composition and biomass in a globally distributed grassland experiment: The Nutrient Network
Global change drivers, such as anthropogenic nutrient inputs, are increasing globally. Nutrient deposition simultaneously alters plant biodiversity, species composition, and ecosystem processes like aboveground biomass production. These changes are underpinned by species extinction, colonization, and shifting relative abundance. Here, we use the Price equation to quantify and link the contributions of species that are lost, gained, or that persist to change in aboveground biomass in 59 experimental grassland sites. Under ambient (control) conditions, compositional and biomass turnover was high, and losses (i.e., local extinctions) were balanced by gains (i.e. colonization). Under fertilization, the decline in species richness resulted from increased species loss and from decreases in species gained. Biomass increase under fertilization resulted mostly from species that persist, and to a lesser extent from species gained. Drivers of ecological change can interact relatively independently with diversity, composition, and ecosystem processes and functions such as aboveground biomass due to the individual contributions of species lost, gained, or persisting.
Soil aggregate size distribution and particulate organic matter content from Arctic LTER moist acidic tundra nutrient addition plots, Toolik Field Station, Alaska, sampled July 2011.
Soil aggregate size distribution, aggregate carbon and nitrogen, and light fraction carbon were determined for mineral soils in moist acidic tundra. Soil was sampled in control, and N+P plots of the Arctic LTER Moist Acidic Tundra plots established in 1989 and 2006.
Impacts of nutrient addition on soil carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry and stability in globally-distributed grasslands
Global changes will modify future nutrient availability with implications for grassland biogeochemistry. Soil organic matter (SOM) is central to grasslands for both provision of nutrients and climate mitigation through carbon (C) storage. While we know that C and nitrogen (N) in SOM can be influenced by greater nutrient availability, we lack understanding of nutrient effects on C and N coupling and stability in soil. Different SOM fractions have different functional relevance and mean residence times, i.e., mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) has a higher mean residence time than particulate organic matter (POM). By separating effects of nutrient supply on the different SOM fractions, we can better evaluate changes in soil C and N coupling and stability and associated mechanisms. To this end, we studied responses of C and N ratios and distributions across POM and MAOM to 6-10 years of N, phosphorus (P), potassium and micronutrients (K+µ), and combined NPK+µ additions at 11 grassland sites spanning 3 continents and globally relevant environmental gradients in climate, plant growth, soil texture, and nutrient availability. Data associated with this study are provided here.
Supplementary material associates to Article Distribution of nutrients and chlorophyll across an equatorial reef region: Insights on coastal gradients
<p>Supplementary material associates to Article: Distribution of nutrients and chlorophyll across an equatorial reef region: Insights on coastal gradients</p>
Niche partitioning overrides interspecific competition to determine plant species distributions along a nutrient gradient
<p>Changes in some combination of niche availability, niche overlap and the strength of interspecific interactions are thought to drive changes in plant composition along resource gradients. However, because these processes are difficult to measure in the field, their relative importance in driving compositional change in plant communities remains unclear. In an Australian temperate grassland, we added seeds of three native and three exotic grasses to 1,875 experimental plots in a way that allowed us to simultaneously estimate niche availability, niche overlap and the strength of pairwise interspecific interactions along a gradient of nutrient availability, obtained by adding 0, 5 or 20 g/m<sup>2</sup> each of nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium jointly to plots. Niche availability (the proportion of microsites suitable for establishment and growth) was generally low and did not vary in response to nutrient addition. Most species co-occurred along the nutrient gradient by partitioning the available niche space. Where species interacted due to niche overlap, the abundance of one species, the native <em>Chloris</em> <em>truncata</em>, was usually facilitated by other species, with each of the five other species increasing the niche availability to <em>C</em>. <em>truncata</em> under at least one nutrient treatment. <em>Chloris</em> <em>truncata</em> also competitively excluded two species from some but not all sites they could otherwise have occupied. These outcomes did not clearly differ across nutrient treatments. Our results show that fine-scale spatial heterogeneity in establishment microsites can enable species to co-occur via niche partitioning, and competitive exclusion is rare. This finding contributes to an emerging picture that niche partitioning is common and frequently a stronger influence on recruitment outcomes than interspecific competition. The importance of competition in structuring plant communities may be overestimated if recruitment processes are overlooked.</p>
In-situ parameters, nutrients and dissolved carbon distribution in the water column and pore waters of Arctic Fjords (Western Spitsbergen) during a melting season
<p>A nutrient distribution such as phosphate (PO₄³⁻), ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻), dissolved silica (Si), total dissolved nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) together with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC), was investigated during a high melting season in 2021 in the western Spitsbergen fjords (Hornsund, Isfjorden, Kongsfjorden, and Krossfjorden). Both the water column and the pore water were investigated for nutrients and dissolved carbon distribution and gradients. The water column concentrations of most measured parameters such as PO₄³⁻, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, Si, and DIC showed significant changes among fjords and water masses. In addition, pore water gradients of PO₄³⁻, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, Si, DIC and DOC revealed significant variability between fjords and are likely substantial sources of the investigated elements for the water column. The obtained dataset reflects differences in hydrography and biogeochemical ecosystem function of the western Spitsbergen fjords and may form the base for further modelling of physical oceanographic and biogeochemical processes within the investigated fjord systems.</p> <p> </p>
Niche partitioning overrides interspecific competition to determine plant species distributions along a nutrient gradient
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Root uptake under mismatched distributions of water and nutrients in the root zone
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Soil Nutrient Distributions in Chihuahuan Desert Grasslands and Shrublands at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1989)
Vegetation throughout the southwestern United States has changed from perennial grassland to woody shrubland over the past century. Previous studies on the development of 'islands of fertility' focused primarily on only the most limiting, plant-essential element, soil nitrogen (N). The research presented here addressed the question of whether other plant-essential elements, namely phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), showed similar concentration gradients under the desert shrub Larrea tridentata (creosotebush). It also examined whether the spatial distribution of N, P, and K differed from that of essential, but non-limiting nutrients, namely calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S), and non-essential elements, namely sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), and fluoride (F). Within adjacent grassland and shrubland plots, surface soils were collected under and between vegetation and analyzed for a suite of soil nutrients. Soil nutrient distribution followed a uniform pattern that mirrored the spatial homogeneity of bunchgrasses in the grassland, but followed a patchy distribution that mirrored the spatial heterogeneity of individual shrubs in the shrubland. The main differences were that in the grassland, all elements were uniformly distributed, but in the shrubland the plant-essential elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, were concentrated under the shrub canopy, and the non-limiting and non-essential elements were either concentrated in the intershrub spaces or were equally concentrated under shrubs and in the interspaces. Our results show how vegetation shifts from grassland to shrubland contribute to long-term, widespread change in the structure and function of desert ecosystems.
Data from: Stoichiometric constraints modulate the effects of temperature and nutrients on biomass distribution and community stability
<p>Temperature and nutrients are two of the most important drivers of global change. Both can modify the elemental composition (i.e. stoichiometry) of primary producers and consumers. Yet their combined effect on the stoichiometry, dynamics, and stability of ecological communities remains largely unexplored. To fill this gap, we extended the Rosenzweig-MacArthur consumer-resource model by including thermal dependencies, nutrient dynamics, and stoichiometric constraints on both the primary producer and the consumer. We found that stoichiometric constraints dampen the paradox of enrichment and increased persistence at high nutrient levels. Nevertheless, they also reduced consumer persistence at extreme temperatures. Finally, we also found that stoichiometric constraints can strongly influence biomass distribution across trophic levels by modulating consumer assimilation efficiency and resource growth rates along the environmental gradients. In the Rosenzweig-MacArthur model, consumer biomass exceeded resource biomass for most parameter values whereas, in the stoichiometric model, consumer biomass was strongly reduced and sometimes lower than resource biomass. Our findings highlight the importance of accounting for stoichiometric constraints as they can mediate the temperature and nutrient impact on the dynamics and functioning of ecological communities.</p>
Data from: Nutrient distribution and absorption in the colonial hydroid Podocoryna carnea is sequentially diffusive and directional
The distribution and absorption of ingested protein was characterized within a colony of Podocoryna carnea when a single polyp was fed. Observations were conducted at multiple spatial and temporal scales at three different stages of colony ontogeny with an artificial food item containing Texas Red conjugated albumin. Food pellets were digested and all tracer absorbed by digestive cells within the first 2–3 hours post-feeding. The preponderance of the label was located in the fed polyp and in a transport-induced diffusion pattern surrounding the fed polyp. After 6 hours post-feeding particulates re-appeared in the gastrovascular system and their absorption increased the area over which the nutrients were distributed, albeit still in a pattern that was centered on the fed polyp. At later intervals, tracer became concentrated in some stolon tips, but not in others, despite the proximity of these stolons either to the fed polyp or to adjacent stolons receiving nutrients. Distribution and absorption of nutrients is sequentially diffusive and directional.
Distribution of Nutrient Derived Amino Acids
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03870425. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Nutrient distribution and absorption in the colonial hydroid Podocoryna carnea is sequentially diffusive and directional
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Data from: Stoichiometric constraints modulate the effects of temperature and nutrients on biomass distribution and community stability
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Data from: Evolution of root plasticity responses to variation in soil nutrient distribution and concentration
Root plasticity, a trait that can respond to selective pressure, may help plants forage for nutrients in heterogeneous soils. Agricultural breeding programs have artificially selected for increased yield under comparatively homogeneous soil conditions, potentially decreasing the capacity for plasticity in crop plants like barley (Hordeum vulgare). However, the effects of domestication on the evolution of root plasticity are essentially unknown. Using a split container approach, we examined differences in root plasticity among three domestication levels of barley germplasm (wild, landrace, and cultivar) grown under different concentrations and distribution patterns of soil nutrients. Domestication level, nutrient concentration, and nutrient distribution interactively affected average root diameter; differential root allocation (within-plant plasticity) was greatest in wild barley (H. spontaneum), especially under low nutrient levels. Correlations of within-plant root plasticity and plant size were most pronounced in modern cultivars under low nutrient conditions. Barley plants invested more resources to root systems when grown in low nutrient soils and allocated more roots to higher nutrient locations. Root plasticity in barley is scale dependent and varies with domestication level. Although wild barley harbors a greater capacity for within-plant root plasticity than domesticated barley, cultivars exhibited the greatest capacity to translate within-plant plasticity into increased plant size.
Dataset and Code Accompanying the Study by Medina-Vega et al. in Nature Ecology & Evolution: Tropical Tree Ectomycorrhiza Are Distributed Independently of Soil Nutrients
<p>This Zenodo repository contains the code and the processed dataset used in the research paper titled "Tropical tree ectomycorrhiza are distributed independently of soil nutrients" published in Nature Ecology & Evolution. In this study, we investigate the distribution and abundance of ectomycorrhizal (EcM) trees in lowland tropical forests and their relationship with soil quality.</p><p><strong>Key Finding</strong>: EcM-associated trees' distribution and abundance in lowland tropical forests are independent of soil quality.</p><p><strong>Contents</strong>:</p><ol><li><strong>Code (</strong>CODE_COARSE_SCALE.R and CODE_FINE_SCALE.R<strong>)</strong>: Contains the R scripts used for data analysis.</li><li><strong>Processed Dataset</strong> (PCs_prop_EcM.csv): Includes the processed data for the fine-scale analysis.</li><li><strong>README</strong>: Provides detailed information on how to use the code, interpret the dataset, and access additional required information.</li></ol><p><strong>Data Access Information</strong>:</p><ul><li>To perform the full analyses, please request additional data from the Principal Investigators (PIs) of the plots.</li><li>ForestGEO plot data can be obtained upon request through the ForestGEO portal at http://ctfs.si.edu/datarequest/.</li><li>Refer to Extended Data Table 1 in the manuscript for a comprehensive list of data sources.</li></ul>
Data from: Evolution of root plasticity responses to variation in soil nutrient distribution and concentration
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Global Distribution of Root Nutrient Concentrations in Terrestrial Ecosystems
Nutrient measurements for fine roots were compiled from 56 published studies providing information on 372 different combinations of species, root diameter, rooting depths, and soils at a variety of locations. The compilation was used to examine dynamics of 14 nutrients, including translocation properties of roots of varying size and status.Fine roots are an important source and sink for nutrients in terrestrial biogeochemistry. The data collected come from 56 published studies that give information on fine root (less than 5mm diameter) nutrient concentrations, root diameters, and retranslocation of nutrients. These studies include diverse vegetation and biomes, including grass, shrub, and tree functional types from temperate, tropical, boreal and tundra systems. The preponderance of data comes from experiments with temperate and coniferous trees.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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