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23 results for “nutrient loss”
Mass and Nutrient Loss in Decomposing Hardwood Boles on Watershed 1 at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1990 - present
In 1990-1991 segments of boles from felled sugar maple (Acer saccharum), yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia) trees were placed in the field to study the rate of decomposition and nutrient loss (or gain) over time. The segments incubated in the field, ranging from 0.5-1.3 meters in length, were paired with fresh segments from the same trees. The fresh segments were taken to the lab shortly after felling, dried, weighed and subsampled. Fresh samples of wood and bark were collected separately. Incubated bole segments were collected in 1993 (T1), 1997 (T2), 2001 (T3), 2007 (T4) and 2015/2016 (T5). The whole bole segments were transported to the lab, measured, dried and weighed to determine mass loss. Subsamples of the bole wood and bark were collected for chemical analysis, including C, N, H, Ca, Mg, K, Si, Al, Pb, Zn, Mn and Fe. Chemical analyses were conducted concurrently on the fresh (T0) and incubated samples. This data set includes the masses of the fresh and incubated boles along with the concentrations of the chemical analytes. Element pools in the boles can be calculated by multiplying the concentrations by the mass values. This data set includes chemical data for samples collected in 1993, 2001, and 2007 and their paired fresh samples. Samples from 1997 were measured for mass, but inadvertently discarded prior to chemical analysis. These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Consequences of non-random tree species loss on litter mass loss, nutrient dynamics, carbon cycling, and decomposer communities across a terrestrial-aquatic interface at Coweeta Hydrologic Lab, Otto, NC
Although litter decomposition is a fundamental ecological process, most of our understanding comes from studies of single-species decay. Recently, litter-mixing studies have tested whether monoculture data can be applied to mixed-litter systems. These studies have mainly attempted to detect non-additive effects of litter mixing, which address potential consequences of random species loss. The focus is not on which species are lost, but the decline in diversity per se. Under global change, species loss is likely to be non-random, with some species more vulnerable to extinction than others. Under such scenarios, the effects of individual species (additivity) as well as of species interactions (non-additivity) on decomposition rates are of interest. To examine potential impacts of non-random species loss on ecosystems, we studied additive and non-additive effects of litter mixing on decomposition. A full-factorial litterbag experiment was conducted using four deciduous leaf species, from which mass loss and nitrogen content were measured. Data were analysed using a statistical approach that first looks for additive identity effects based on the presence or absence of species and then significant species interactions occurring beyond those. It partitions non-additive effects into those caused by richness and or composition.
ASR01 Short-term assessment of effects of burning on infiltration, runoff, and sediment and nutrient loss on Tallgrass Prairie using rainfall simulation, 1989
Rainfall simulation and overland flow experiments were performed on four plots at a single site on Konza from May to August, 1989. Two plots were treated with a late spring burn and two plots were left unburned. Five simulations were performed on burned plots and three simulatons on unburned plots. Each simulation consisted of a “dry run” followed 24 hours later by a 'wet run'. The dry run consisted of rainfall applied at an intesity of approximately 60 mm/hour. The wet run was the same as a dry run, except when the rainfall was complete, overland flow was applied directly at the top of the plots to simulate run off coming from upslope. Measurements taken include overland flow velocity, water application rate, runoff, hydrograph, water flow depth, sediment content, nitrogen and phosphorus content and percent ground cover (See A.B. Duell, Effects of burning on infiltration, overland flow, and sediment loss on tallgrass prairie, M.S. thesis, Kansas State University, 82pp. for further details).
Canopy opening increased leaf shredding arthropods and nutrient mineralization but not mass loss in a wet tropical forest
Canopy opening increased leaf shredding arthropods and nutrient mineralization but not mass loss in a wet tropical forest Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
The Interaction between Soil Nutrients and Leaf Loss during Early Establishment in Plant Invasion, 2004
Nitrogen availability is expected to affect both plant growth and the preferences of herbivores. We hypothesized that an interaction between these two factors could affect the early establishment of native and exotic species differently, promoting invasion in natural systems. Taxonomically paired native and invasive species (Acer platanoides, Acer rubrum, Lonicera maackii, Diervilla lonicera, Celastrus orbiculatus, Celastrus scandens, Elaeagnus umbellata, Ceanothus americanus, Ampelopsis brevipedunculata, and Vitis riparia) were grown in relatively high-resource (hardwood forests) and low-resource (pine barrens) communities on Long Island, New York, USA for a period of 3 months, in 2004. Plants were grown in ambient and nitrogen-enhanced conditions in both communities. Nitrogen additions produced an average 12% initial increase in leaf number of all plants. By the end of the experiment, invasive species outperformed native species in nitrogen-enhanced plots in hardwood forests, where all plants experienced increased damage relative to control plots. Native species experienced higher overall amounts of damage in hardwood forests, losing, on average, 45% more leaves than exotic species, and only native species experienced a decline in growth rates (32% compared with controls). In contrast, in pine barrens, there were no differences in damage and no differences in performance between native and invasive plants.
Long-term effectiveness of sustainable land management practices to control runoff, soil erosion, and nutrient loss and the role of rainfall intensity in Mediterranean rainfed agroecosystems
<p>This data set corresponds to the open-access article "Long-term effectiveness of sustainable land management practices to control runoff, soil erosion, and nutrient loss and the role of rainfall intensity in Mediterranean rainfed agroecosystems" published in CATENA. (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104352</a>), funded by he European Commission Horizon 2020 project Diverfarming [grant agreement 728003]. </p>
2021 Soil and nutrient loss monitoring data of Sunjiagou sub-watershed
<p><span>This dataset observes soil and nutrient loss from runoff plots at a monitoring station in the black soil area in 2021. The details of the runoff plots are as follows: A1: 3°, smooth monopoly, planted with soybeans; A2: 3°, cross monopoly, planted with soybeans; A3: 3°, bare ground; B1: 5°, smooth monopoly, planted with soybeans; B2: 5°, cross monopoly, planted with soybeans and planted with purple acacia as a plant hedge; B3: 5°, bare ground.</span></p>
Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss
<p><span>Declines in grassland diversity in response to nutrient addition are a general consequence of global change. This decline in species richness may be driven by multiple underlying processes operating at different timescales. Nutrient addition can reduce diversity by enhancing the rate of local extinction via competitive exclusion, or by reducing the rate of colonization by constraining the pool of species able to colonize under new conditions. Partitioning net change into extinction and colonization rates will better delineate the long-term effect of global change in grasslands. </span></p> <p><span>We synthesized changes in richness in response to experimental fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium with micronutrients across 30 grasslands. We quantified changes in local richness, colonization, and extinction over 8-10 years of nutrient addition, and compared these rates against control conditions to isolate the effect of nutrient addition from background dynamics. </span></p> <p><span>Total richness at steady state in the control plots was the sum of equal, relatively high rates of local colonization and extinction. On aggregate, 30-35% of initial species were lost and the same proportion of new species was gained at least once over a decade. Absolute turnover increased with site-level richness but was proportionately greater at lower-richness sites relative to starting richness. Loss of total richness with nutrient addition, especially N in combination with P or K, was driven by enhanced rates of extinction with a smaller contribution from reduced colonization. Enhanced extinction and reduced colonization were disproportionately among native species, perennials, and forbs. Reduced colonization plateaued after the first few (< 5) years after nutrient addition, while enhanced extinction continued throughout the first decade. </span></p> <p><span><strong>Synthesis</strong>:</span><span> Our results indicate a high rate of colonizations and extinctions underlying the richness of ambient communities, and that nutrient enhancement drives overall declines in diversity primarily by the exclusion of previously established species. Moreover, enhanced extinction continues over long time scales, suggesting continuous, long-term community responses and a need for long-term study to fully realize the extinction impact of increased nutrients on grassland composition. </span></p>
Nutrient addition drives declines in grassland species richness primarily via enhanced species loss
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2021 Soil and nutrient loss monitoring data of Sunjiagou sub-watershed
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Impacts of urbanization and nutrient fertilization on mass loss and nutrient dynamics during photodegradation of plant litter
To understand the potential impacts of N deposition on mass loss and chemical dynamics during aridland decomposition, we assessed N and phosphorus (P) dynamics of decomposing litter in a long-term N+P enrichment experiment in both urban (with N deposition) and outlying areas (without N deposition) of the Sonoran Desert. Litter was decomposed with and without UV radiation for 9 months, measuring mass loss, litter chemistry, and bacterial biomass. UV radiation significantly accelerated mass loss and altered N and P dynamics, and there was an impact of the urban environment and experimental fertilization on nutrient dynamics. Overall, these patterns suggest that the aridland urban environment, where rates of N deposition are elevated, alters nutrient dynamics during decomposition but not the fraction of litter lost to photodegradation.
Postprandial Nutrient Homeostasis Before and After Weight Loss Induced by Low-calorie Diet or RYGB
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03091725. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Mass loss and nutrient release during the decomposition of sixteen types of plant litter with contrasting quality under three precipitation regimes
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Workflow and data for: Elevated temperature decreases stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) transmission rate, with little effect of nutrients V1.1
<p>Changes for review 1</p>
Data from: Soil biota enhance agricultural sustainability by improving crop yield, nutrient uptake and reducing nitrogen leaching losses
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Loss of NF2 drives malignant transformation of human pancreatic acinar cells and enhances cell fitness under nutrient deprivation and therapeutical stress [CRISPR_screen]
GEO Series GSE292511. Homo sapiens. 16 samples. Type: Other.
Loss of NF2 drives malignant transformation of human pancreatic acinar cells and enhances cell fitness under nutrient deprivation and therapeutical stress [single_cell_RNAseq]
GEO Series GSE292513. Homo sapiens. 8 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Loss of macroH2A1.1 causes kidney abnormalities secondary to a change in nutrient metabolization
GEO Series GSE254938. Mus musculus. 19 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Loss of NF2 drives malignant transformation of human pancreatic acinar cells and enhances cell fitness under nutrient deprivation and therapeutical stress [bulk_RNAseq]
GEO Series GSE292512. Homo sapiens. 18 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Loss of the mitochondrial protein Abcb10 results in altered arginine metabolism in MEL and K562 cells and nutrient stress signaling through ATF4
GEO Series GSE225218. Mus musculus. 30 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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