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15 results for “nutritional preference”
Mitonuclear interactions modulate nutritional preference
<p class="MsoNormal">In nature, organisms are faced with constant nutritional options which fuel key life-history traits. Studies have shown that species can actively make nutritional decisions based on internal and external cues. Metabolism itself is underpinned by complex genomic interactions involving components from both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Products from these two genomes must coordinate how nutrients are extracted, used, and recycled. Given the complicated nature of metabolism, it is not well understood how nutritional choices are affected by mitonuclear interactions. This is under the rationale that changes in genomic interactions will affect metabolic flux and change physiological requirements. To this end we used a large <em>Drosophila</em> mitonuclear genetic panel, comprising 9 isogenic nuclear genomes coupled to 9 mitochondrial haplotypes, giving a total of 81 different mitonuclear genotypes. We use a capillary-based feeding assay to screen this panel for dietary preference between carbohydrate or protein. We find significant mitonuclear interactions modulating nutritional choices, with these epistatic interaction also being dependent on sex. Our findings support the notion that complex genomic interactions can place a constraint on metabolic flux. This work gives us deeper insights into how key metabolic interactions can have large implications on behaviour.</p>
Mitonuclear interactions modulate nutritional preference
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Supplementary material 1 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Supplementary material 1 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Fig. 20. Nutritional competition with Bolitophagus reticulatus, location 32 in The northernmost discovery of Aradus brenskei (Reuter, 1884) (Heteroptera: Aradidae). Considerations on the local distribution and the habitat preferences of this new Belgian species following a nine-months field survey
Fig. 20. Nutritional competition with Bolitophagus reticulatus, location 32, Erpe-Mere, 25.VII.2020. © Brecht Verkempinck.
Feeding preferences and nutritional niche of wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal.
<p>We sought to further the understanding of how an animal's foraging ecology is influenced by their feeding preferences and nutritional composition of forage items. Our research identified these aspects of wild water buffalo's (<i>Bubalus arnee</i>) foraging ecology in Nepal. First, we sought to describe the foraging preferences of wild water buffalo in terms of the relative abundance of functional forage groups (i.e., forbs, graminoids, and browse) in their diet. We observed signs of wild water buffalo foraging on 54 plant species. We found wild water buffalo consume graminoids and forbs 2-3 times more frequently than browse items. Then, we investigated the composition of nutrients (i.e., carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids) in wild water buffalo diets to develop an estimate of their realized nutrient niche. Of the 54 plant species foraged, we analyzed the nutritional composition of the 16 most frequently foraged species. We found the realized nutrient niche of wild water buffalo is dominated by carbohydrates, but there was a positive correlation between the relative frequency of foraged items and protein content. Our study contributes important information on the feeding preference and nutritional content of the endangered wild water buffalo. Our results can be used to inform conservation and management strategies of this species in wild. Selection of potential translocation sites should include key species that are higher in protein content and frequently forages by wild water buffalo (e.g., <i>Typha elephantina</i>) to help mitigate human-wildlife conflicts. Further, we provide valuable insight into the mechanisms influencing the foraging ecology of wild herbivores.</p>
Figure 3 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Figure 3 Performance experiments. Survival and specific growth rates of grasshoppers from the long-term lab colony no-choice diet experiments. A. The specific growth rates for each diet treatment. Diamonds indicate the mean and bolded lines indicate the median. Boxes are +/- 25%, lines represent minimum and maximum values excluding extreme values, and dots indicate data points > 1.5 farther from the box edge than the interquartile range. Lower case letters indicate differences from Mann-Whitney post-hoc analyses. B. The proportion of grasshoppers surviving through time on each diet treatment. Most diet treatments did not have individuals die until the 5th day of the experiment, and most treatments except 7p:35c had minimal deaths (although there were no significant differences among treatments). C. Proportion of grasshoppers molting to adults over time. Most of the diets saw increases in molting from days 5–7, except diet treatment 7p:35c, which was delayed and had the least number of grasshoppers successfully molt (significantly different from all other treatments).
Figure 2 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Figure 2 Field IT compared to nutritional landscape. A, B. Grasshopper intake targets of the field populations (black solid line) alongside the nutrient contents of grasses (triangles) and forbs (circles) collected from the same fields. The grey solid line represents the intake target from the other field population. The dotted line represents a 1p:1c ratio. C, D. The average Euclidean distance between the plants (triangles and circles in A and B) and either the grasshopper IT from each location or the 1p:1c line. * denotes a significant difference between the Euclidean distances calculated from the IT and the 1p:1c line.
Figure 1 from: Zembrzuski D, Woller DA, Jech L, Black LR, Reuter KC, Overson R, Cease A (2021) Establishing the nutritional landscape and macronutrient preferences of a major United States rangeland pest, Melanoplus sanguinipes, in field and lab populations. Journal of Orthoptera Research 30(2): 163-172. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.30.61605
Figure 1 Field populations and lab population ITs. Average intake target (+/- SEM) for two field populations, Bliss and Boise, ID, and the lab colony. The dashed line represents a 1:1 ratio of protein and carbohydrates, and the crosses on the data points represent SE.
Data from: Differences in larval nutritional requirements and female oviposition preference reflect the order of fruit colonization of Zaprionus indianus and Drosophila simulans
Species coexist using the same nutritional resource by partitioning it either in space or time, but few studies explore how species-specific nutritional requirements allow partitioning. Zaprionus indianus and Drosophila simulans co-exist in figs by invading the fruit at different stages; Z. indianus colonizes ripe figs, whereas D. simulans oviposits in decaying fruit. Larvae feed on yeast growing on the fruit, which serves as their primary protein source. Because yeast populations increase as fruit decays, we find that ripe fruit has lower protein content than rotting fruit. Therefore, we hypothesized that Z. indianus and D. simulans larvae differ in their dietary requirements for protein. We used nutritional geometry to assess the effects of protein and carbohydrate concentration in the larval diet on life history characters in both species. Survival, development time, and ovariole number respond differently to the composition of the larval diet, with Z. indianus generally performing better across a wider range of protein concentrations. Correspondingly, we found that Z. indianus females preferred to lay eggs on low protein foods, while D. simulans females chose higher protein foods for oviposition when competing with Z. indianus. We propose the different nutritional requirements and oviposition preference of these two species allows them to temporally partition their habitat.
Data from: Differences in larval nutritional requirements and female oviposition preference reflect the order of fruit colonization of Zaprionus indianus and Drosophila simulans
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Data from: Genotype-by-sex-by-diet interactions for nutritional preference, dietary consumption and lipid deposition in a field cricket
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Feeding preferences and nutritional niche of wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee) in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, Nepal.
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Nutritional Preferences and Product Accessibility in Oral Nutritional Supplements in Participants With Breast, Colorectal, Upper Gastrointestinal, or Prostate Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03563352. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Oral Nutritional Supplement Preferences in Patients With Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05816369. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Taste Preferences for Nutritive and Non Nutritive Sweeteners Among Children and Adults
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02646956. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
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