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opencc-zeroNov 2020View details →

Sex-specific sterility caused by extreme temperatures is likely to create cryptic changes to the operational sex ratio in Drosophila virilis

Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of short-term heat shocks that threaten the persistence of natural populations. The effect of thermal stress on natural selection is a common topic of debate, but high temperatures can also influence sexual selection. Typically, males and females of a species can survive at similar extreme temperatures, but males have been shown to lose fertility at lower temperatures than females. Here, we examine how a brief exposure of pupae to high temperatures in the fruit fly Drosophila virilis affects adult fertility in both males and females. We find strong sexual dimorphism in temperature-induced sterility. This has the potential to quickly and unpredictably create populations composed of mostly sterile males and fertile females, resulting in changes to the operational sex ratio (OSR). These disruptions are likely to be cryptic and difficult to measure in the wild, especially considering that males can eventually recover fertility and that sterile males of some species can still copulate. Changes to the OSR in this way are likely to influence sexual selection by favouring females that can discriminate between fertile and sterilised males, and possibly leading to female-female conflict over a limited pool of fertile males. Further research on how cryptic disruptions to the OSR affect sexual selection dynamics is critical for understanding the impact of environmental change on biodiversity.

opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Extreme operative temperatures are better descriptors of the thermal environment than mean temperatures

In ecological studies of thermal biology the thermal environment is most frequently described using the mean or other measures of central tendency in environmental temperatures. However, this procedure may hide biologically relevant thermal variation for ectotherms, potentially misleading interpretations. Extremes of operative temperatures (EOT) can help with this problem by bracketing the thermal environment of focal animals. Within this paper, we quantify how mean operative temperatures relate to the range of simultaneously available operative temperatures (a measure of error). We also show how EOT: 1) detect more thermal differences among microsites than measures of central tendency, like the mean OT, 2) allow inferring on microsite use by ectothermic animals, and 3) clarify the relationships between field operative temperatures and temperatures measured at weather stations (WS). To do that, we explored operative temperatures measured at four sites of the Brazilian Caatingas and their correspondent nearest weather stations. We found that the daily mean OT can hide temperature ranges of 41 °C simultaneously available at our study sites. In addition, EOT detected more thermal differences among microsites than central quantiles. We also show how EOT allow inferring about microsite use of ectothermic animals in a given site. Finally, the daily maximum temperature and the daily temperature range measured at WSs predicted well the minimum available field OT at localities many kilometers away. Based on our results, we recommend the use of EOT, instead of mean OT, in thermal ecology studies.

opencc-zeroNov 2022View details →

Data for: Temperature and hygrometry of amphibian agar models in behavioral simulation and operational temperature of two forested areas

We investigated how thermoregulatory behaviors affect hydro-thermoregulation in anurans, using agar models as a sampling unit, simulating four behaviors related to behavioral fever and sickness behavior. We collected data in two forest environments (Wet forest and transitional forest) in the Parque Estadual Intervales (PEI), an Integral Conservation Unit of the Atlantic Forest (24°12' - 24°25' S; 48°03 - 48°30' W). The Wet forest is a mature Atlantic Forest, and the Transitional forest is a young secondary forest adjacent to open areas. We measured operational temperatures (temperatures of inanimate objects comparable to real frog species in size and shape) of agar models across 8 replicates in the two forest environments. We also measured agar models' temperature and water loss in different behavior simulations. In each transect, we used eight sampling unit (called tetrad) that was composed of two sets of four sensor-fit agar models. One of the sets was used to collect the operational temperature of the forest areas. These agar models were fitted with a 170 cm HOBO® Data Logger (U12-008) sensor programmed to record the temperature every 15 min. The second set of tetrads was used to collect the agar models' body temperature and water loss in different behavior simulations. The behavioral simulations were defined as: (a) strong behavioral fever (SBF); (b) apathy behavior (AB); (c) single thermoregulatory event (STE); and (d) control model (CO). After the temperature data were collected at 0600 h, three of the agar models (SBF, AB, and STE) were moved immediately, each one according to their corresponding protocol (SBF: Warmest Neighboring Site, AB: closest shelter, mainly small burrows, or accumulations of leaf litter; STE: Alternative Warmest Neighboring site). The selection of the places was made by using a FLIR TG165 Thermal Imaging Thermometer. One hour later, at about 0700 h, and hereafter hourly, a similar procedure was repeated, but only the SBF model required movement. We placed each model within 5 cm of another in this set to ensure similar initial thermal conditions. These tetrads were left undisturbed overnight, and no manipulation occurred after 2000 h. On the next day, at 0600 h, we measured the surface temperatures of the models and immediately applied the corresponding behavioral rule. This procedure was performed hourly until 2000 h. To analyze water loss, we recorded the mass of each model at 0600 h just after measuring temperature and repeated this every two hours. We used a portable balance (A&D Newton EJ-123, 0.01g accuracy) and calculated water loss rates from the difference between the initial model mass and mass measured at each subsequent 2-hour period. We express water loss as a percentage of maximum hydration.

ClinicalTrials.gov32/100

Effects of Insufflated Gas on Core Temperature and Post-operative Pain During Laparoscopic Surgery

ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00372268. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 1.

restrictedIPD-UNDECIDEDFeb 2026View details →

publicFeb 2016View details →

Data from: Extreme operative temperatures are better descriptors of the thermal environment than mean temperatures

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publicNov 2020View details →

Sex-specific sterility caused by extreme temperatures is likely to create cryptic changes to the operational sex ratio in Drosophila virilis

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publicNov 2022View details →

Data for: Temperature and hygrometry of amphibian agar models in behavioral simulation and operational temperature of two forested areas

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zenodo28/100

Raw data and Matlab code for the article "Impedance spectroscopy analysis of thermoelectric modules under actual energy harvesting operating conditions and a small temperature difference"

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opencc-by-4.0Apr 2024View details →

SWOT Level 2 Radiometer Brightness Temperatures and Troposphere Operational Data Product

The SWOT Level 2 Radiometer Brightness Temperatures and Troposphere Operational Geophysical Data Record (OGDR) Version 1.0 dataset produced by the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides atmospheric water vapor and liquid water content from the Advanced Microwave Radiometer (AMR), a Jason-class radiometer that measures sea surface brightness temperatures at three microwave frequencies (18.7, 23.8 and 34 GHz). Brightness temperatures are processed to estimate the wet troposphere content, atmospheric attenuation to backscatter, cloud liquid water, water vapor content, and wind speed coincident with each range measurement from the nadir altimeter and applied to correct for altimeter range delays caused by atmospheric effects. SWOT is a joint mission between NASA and CNES that launched on December 16, 2022 and aims to measure ocean surface topography with unprecedented resolution and accuracy, as well as map inland water bodies globally.The operational radiometer dataset consists of discrete measurements along two tracks located approximately 30-km to the left and right of the satellite nadir. They were processed using the onboard DORIS orbit ephemeris and preliminary calibrations. They are distributed as one file per data downlink in netCDF-4 file format with a nominal latency of < 7 hours.

GHRSST Level 2P Western Atlantic Regional Skin Sea Surface Temperature from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) Imager on the GOES-13 satellite (GDS version 2)

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) operated by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) support weather forecasting, severe storm tracking, meteorology and oceanography research. Generally there are several GOES satellites in geosynchronous orbit at any one time viewing different earth locations including the GOES-13 launched 24 May 2006. The radiometer aboard the satellite, The GOES N-P Imager, is a five channel (one visible, four infrared) imaging radiometer designed to sense radiant and solar reflected energy from sampled areas of the earth. The multi-element spectral channels simultaneously sweep east-west and west-east along a north-to-south path by means of a two-axis mirror scan system retuning telemetry in 10-bit precision. For this Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) dataset, skin sea surface temperature (SST) measurements are calculated from the far IR channels of GOES-13 at full resolution on a half hourly basis. In native satellite projection, vertically adjacent pixels are averaged and read out at every pixel. L2P datasets including Single Sensor Error Statistics (SSES) are then derived following the GHRSST Data Processing Specification (GDS) version 2.0. The full disk image is subsetted into granules representing distinct northern and southern regions.

GHRSST Level 3C sub-skin Sea Surface Temperature from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES 13) Imager in East position (GDS V2) produced by OSI SAF

A regional Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Level 3 Collated (L3C) dataset for the America Region (AMERICAS) based on retrievals from the GOES-13 Imager on board GOES-13 satellite. The European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT),Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) is producing SST products in near realtime from GOES 13 in East position. GOES 13 imager level 1 data are acquired at Meteo-France/Centre de Meteorologie Spatiale (CMS) through the EUMETSAT/EUMETCAST system.SST is retrieved from the GOES 13 infrared channels (3.9 and 10.8 micrometer) using a multispectralalgorithm. Due to the lack of 12 micrometer channel in the GOES 13 imager, SST retrieval is not possiblein daytime conditions. Atmospheric profiles of water vapor and temperature from a numericalweather prediction model, together with a radiatiave transfer model, are used to correct themultispectral algorithm for regional and seasonal biases due to changing atmospheric conditions.Every 30 minutes slot is processed at full satellite resolution. The operational products are thenproduced by remapping over a 0.05 degree regular grid (60S-60N and 135W-15W) SST fieldsobtained by aggregating 30 minute SST data available in one hour time, and the priority beinggiven to the value the closest in time to the product nominal hour. The product format is compliantwith the GHRSST Data Specification (GDS) version 2.

GHRSST Level 2P Central Pacific Regional Skin Sea Surface Temperature from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) Imager on the GOES-15 satellite (GDS version 2)

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) operated by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) support weather forecasting, severe storm tracking, meteorology and oceanography research. Generally there are several GOES satellites in geosynchronous orbit at any one time viewing different earth locations including the GOES-15 launched 4 March 2010. The radiometer aboard the satellite, The GOES N-P Imager, is a five channel (one visible, four infrared) imaging radiometer designed to sense radiant and solar reflected energy from sampled areas of the earth. The multi-element spectral channels simultaneously sweep east-west and west-east along a north-to-south path by means of a two-axis mirror scan system retuning telemetry in 10-bit precision. For this Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) dataset, skin sea surface temperature (SST) measurements are calculated from the far IR channels of GOES-15 at full resolution on a half hourly basis. In native satellite projection, vertically adjacent pixels are averaged and read out at every pixel. L2P datasets including Single Sensor Error Statistics (SSES) are then derived following the GHRSST Data Processing Specification (GDS) version 2.0. The full disk image is subsetted into granules representing distinct northern and southern regions.