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19 results for “orchid taxonomy”
Lineage and role in integrative taxonomy of a heterotrophic orchid complex
<p>Lineage-based species definitions applying coalescent approaches to species delimitation have become increasingly popular. Yet, the application of these methods and the recognition of lineage-only definitions have recently been questioned. Species delimitation criteria that explicitly consider both lineages and evidence for ecological ‘role’ shifts provide an opportunity to incorporate ecologically meaningful data from multiple sources in studies of species boundaries. Here, such criteria were applied to a problematic group of mycoheterotrophic orchids, the <em>Corallorhiza striata</em> complex, analyzing genomic, morphological, phenological, reproductive-mode, niche, and fungal host data. A recently developed method for generating genomic polymorphism data–ISSRseq–demonstrates evidence for four distinct lineages, including a previously unidentified lineage in the Coast Ranges and Cascades of California and Oregon, USA. There is divergence in morphology, phenology, reproductive mode, and fungal associates among the four lineages. Integrative analyses, conducted in population assignment and redundancy analysis frameworks, provide evidence of distinct genomic lineages and a similar pattern of divergence in the ‘extended’ data, albeit with weaker signal. However, none of the ‘extended’ datasets fully satisfy the condition of a significant ‘role’ shift, which requires evidence of fixed differences. The four lineages identified in the current study are recognized at the level of variety, short of comprising different species. This study represents the most comprehensive application of ‘lineage+role’ to date and illustrates the advantages of such an approach.</p>
FIGURE 3 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 4. A new species of Tridactyle (Vandeae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) from Gabon and Equatorial Guinea
FIGURE 3. Photographs of Tridactyle minutifolia. A. Inflorescence. B–C. Vegetative part and inflorescence. D. Inflorescence.
FIGURE 1. Tridactyle minutifolia A. Habit. B, C in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 4. A new species of Tridactyle (Vandeae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) from Gabon and Equatorial Guinea
FIGURE 1. Tridactyle minutifolia A. Habit. B, C. Flower, side and face views. D. Dorsal sepal. E. Lateral sepal. F. Petal. G. Lip. H, I. Column with anther and anther cap, front and side view. J. Column with anther cap opened. K. Viscidia and tegula. Drawn from holotype Stévart 3609 by Hans de Vries.
FIGURE 5 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids, 6: three new species of Angraecum sect. Afrangraecum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and São Tomé
FIGURE 5. Angraecum oliveirae (Oliveira 1386). A. Plant habit (reconstructed from Stévart, Oliveira & Droissart (Ombrière de Bom Sucesso) 484 and a photograph by Tariq Stévart). B. Leaf (Stévart, Oliveira & Droissart 484). C.–D. Flower (from Stévart, Oliveira & Droissart 485). E. Dorsal sepal. F. Petals. G. Lateral sepals. H.–I. Lip with spur J. Column with pedicel and ovary. K.–Q. Column with and without anther cap seen from different angles. R.–T. Anther cap with pollinia. U. Pollinium V.–X. Stipes and viscidia. (Drawing by Hans de Vries.)
FIGURE 4 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids, 6: three new species of Angraecum sect. Afrangraecum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and São Tomé
FIGURE 4. Angraecum geerinckianum (Akouangou, Nyangala, Bakita & Stévart (Ombrière de Libreville) 909). A. Plant habit, (from a photograph of Tariq Stévart). B. Flower, front view. C. Flower with part of inflorescence, lateral view. D. Dorsal sepal. E. Petals. F. Lateral sepals. G.–H. Lip with spur I. Column with ovary. J.–O. Column with and without anther cap seen from different angles. P.–Q. Anther cap. R.–T. Stipes and viscidia. (Drawing by Hans de Vries.)
FIGURE 3. Angraecum gereauanum. A. Plant habit. B.–C. Stem showing flat and winged sides. D.–E. Flower. F. Dorsal sepal. G. Petals. H. Lateral sepals. I.–J. Lip with spur. K. Ovary and column. L.–Q. Column with and without anther cap seen from different angles. R.–T. Anther cap with and without pollinia. U. Pollinium. V in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids, 6: three new species of Angraecum sect. Afrangraecum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and São Tomé
FIGURE 3. Angraecum gereauanum. A. Plant habit. B.–C. Stem showing flat and winged sides. D.–E. Flower. F. Dorsal sepal. G. Petals. H. Lateral sepals. I.–J. Lip with spur. K. Ovary and column. L.–Q. Column with and without anther cap seen from different angles. R.–T. Anther cap with and without pollinia. U. Pollinium. V. Stipes and viscidia. (Drawing by Hans de Vries from Stévart, Leal & Nguema 2501.)
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids, 6: three new species of Angraecum sect. Afrangraecum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and São Tomé
FIGURE 1. Two new allied species of Angraecum. A.–B. Angraecum gereauanum. A. Plant habit, abaxial side of leaves and side view of the flower with spur. B. Habit, adaxial side of leaves with detail of front of the flower with the lip. C.–E. Angraecum geerinckianum. C. Plant habit, adaxial side of leaves. D. Plant habit, abaxial side of leaves and side view of the flower with spur. E. Inflorescence with bracts and pedicel abscission joints indicated by the arrows; overview of flower colour variability (oldest flowers to the right). Photographs by: A., B. and D. Tariq Stévart; C. and E. Eric Akouangou, Christelle Nyangala, Bakita Bakita.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids, 6: three new species of Angraecum sect. Afrangraecum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and São Tomé
FIGURE 2. Living specimens and flower details of Angraecum oliveirae. A. Plant habit. B. Spur shape and apex (alcohol preserved flower from Oliveira 1386). C. Flower detail with lip, anther cap and column (alcohol preserved flower from Oliveira 1386). Photographs taken Tariq Stévart (A.) and Vladimir Ječmenica (B., C.).
FIGURE 3 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 3. A new species of Bulbophyllum Thouars (Orchidaceae) from the Monts de Cristal, Gabon
FIGURE 3. Pictures of continental African Bulbophyllum with unifoliate pseudobulb and hairy lip: A–C, vegetative parts and flower of B. pauwelsianum; D, flower of B. alinae; E, flower of B. barbigerum; F–I, flowers of B. saltatorium var. albociliatum complex; J, flower of B. schinzianum var. schinzianum; K, flower of B. schinzianum var. phaepogon.
FIGURE 1. Bulbophyllum pauwelsianum. A. Plant habit. B. Flower. C. Lip. D. Column only. E in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 3. A new species of Bulbophyllum Thouars (Orchidaceae) from the Monts de Cristal, Gabon
FIGURE 1. Bulbophyllum pauwelsianum. A. Plant habit. B. Flower. C. Lip. D. Column only. E. (left to right) Dorsal sepal, petal, lateral sepal. Bars. 5 cm (A); 1 mm (B, C, D & E).
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 4. A new species of Tridactyle (Vandeae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae) from Gabon and Equatorial Guinea
FIGURE 2. Distribution of Tridactyle minutifolia in Gabon and Equatorial Guinea.
FIGURE 6 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids, 6: three new species of Angraecum sect. Afrangraecum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and São Tomé
FIGURE 6. Distribution of the three new species in western Central Africa.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 3. A new species of Bulbophyllum Thouars (Orchidaceae) from the Monts de Cristal, Gabon
FIGURE 2. Distribution of Bulbophyllum pauwelsianum in Gabon (Central Africa).
Figure 2 from: Droissart V, Cribb P, Simo-Droissart M, Stévart T (2014) Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 2. A second species of the rare genus Distylodon (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) collected in Cameroon. PhytoKeys 36: 27-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.36.7225
Figure 2 - Photographs of living specimen of Distylodon sonkeanum: A front view of the flower B side view of the flower C inflorescence.
Figure 1 from: Droissart V, Cribb P, Simo-Droissart M, Stévart T (2014) Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 2. A second species of the rare genus Distylodon (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) collected in Cameroon. PhytoKeys 36: 27-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.36.7225
Figure 1 - Illustration of Distylodon sonkeanum (Droissart, Stévart & Simo M. 585): A habitus B flower, diagonal view C flower, side view D dorsal sepal E lateral sepal F petal G lip H column with pollinium, sideview I column with anthercap, frontal J pollinium with stipe K stipe.
Figure 2 from: Ječmenica V, Droissart V, Noret N, Stévart T (2016) Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 5. A new species of Angraecum sect. Conchoglossum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and Cameroon. PhytoKeys 61: 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.61.7017
Figure 2 - Angraecum lanceolatum: A Sepals B Petal C Lip, column, ovary and pedicel, spur D Lip, flattened, overhead view E Column without anther cap F Anther cap G Pollinia. Bars represent 1 mm. Illustration of specimen D. Nguema s.n. by Danka Ječmenica and Vladimir Ječmenica.
Figure 1 from: Ječmenica V, Droissart V, Noret N, Stévart T (2016) Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 5. A new species of Angraecum sect. Conchoglossum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and Cameroon. PhytoKeys 61: 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.61.7017
Figure 1 - Photographs of living specimen of Angraecum lanceolatum (A, C, D V. Droissart et al. 1874 B J.P. Biteau 263): A habit and top view of the flower B half front view of the flower (from spirit material) C inflorescence and flower D habit and peduncle with fruit. Photographs taken by: A, D V. Droissart; B V. Ječmenica; C G. Kamdem.
Figure 3 from: Droissart V, Cribb P, Simo-Droissart M, Stévart T (2014) Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 2. A second species of the rare genus Distylodon (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) collected in Cameroon. PhytoKeys 36: 27-34. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.36.7225
Figure 3 - Distribution of Distylodon sonkeanum and Distylodon comptum in tropical Africa.
Figure 3 from: Ječmenica V, Droissart V, Noret N, Stévart T (2016) Taxonomy of Atlantic Central African orchids 5. A new species of Angraecum sect. Conchoglossum (Orchidaceae, Angraecinae) from Gabon and Cameroon. PhytoKeys 61: 61-71. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.61.7017
Figure 3 - Distribution of Angraecum lanceolatum in tropical Africa.
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