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6 results for “pace and shape”
Data from: Pace and shape of senescence in three species of duckweed
<p>Senescence is progressive bodily deterioration associated with declines in survival and fecundity in older age classes. There is great diversity in patterns of senescence across species, but these patterns can be difficult to compare formally due to variation in the absolute time scales in which species live and die: members of some species live for a matter of days, others for millennia. To address this issue, the 'pace-shape' approach was developed to decouple absolute time from analyses and instead standardize life history traits in terms of average life expectancy, facilitating intra- and interspecific comparisons. Here, we use this approach to distinguish the generic form of demographic trajectories (shape) from the time scale on which the trajectories occurred (pace) in three species of tiny, free-floating aquatic plants known as duckweeds (<em>Lemna gibba</em> L., <em>L. minor</em> L., and <em>L. turionifera</em> Landolt), which have mean lifespans of less than a month under typical lab conditions, and exhibit age-related declines in survivorship and reproduction. Using a randomized block design in which we tracked a final total of 430 individuals, we report differences in pace and shape among the three species. Specifically, the largest, least-fecund, and typically longest-lived species, <em>L. gibba</em>, tended to exhibit more rapid decreases in time-standardized survivorship and fecundity compared to the other two species. This study emphasizes variation in aging patterns that can be found among plant species, including those in the same genus, and provides further validation for the utility of applying the pace and shape approach in interspecific comparisons.</p>
Data from: Pace and shape of life differences drive invasion trajectory in introduced lizards in Hawaii
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Data from: Pace and shape of senescence in three species of duckweed
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Data from: Among-strain consistency in the pace and shape of senescence in duckweed
1.Comparative studies have demonstrated extensive variation in age-trajectories of mortality and fecundity, both within and among species, with many taxa exhibiting a general pattern of age-related demographic decline referred to as senescence. Whereas a considerable body of theory is devoted to explaining the origin and persistence of senescence, the evolutionary forces underlying variation in demographic trajectories more generally remain poorly understood. 2.Studying variation in demographic trajectories is complicated by the fact that different species (or even different populations of a given species) may live and reproduce on different time scales, which, for comparative purposes, can make it challenging to disentangle patterns of age-related demographic change (the shape of demographic age trajectories) from the time scale on which those changes happen (the pace of demographic age trajectories). 3.Here we examine variation in the pace and shape of demographic trajectories among strains of the aquatic plant Lemna turionifera Landolt from 24 sites across Alberta, Canada. Our main objectives were to describe the shape of demographic trajectories in L. turionifera, and test for among-strain variation in pace and shape. We also tested whether potential variation in pace and shape is (i) constrained by tradeoffs with other life history traits, and (ii) consistent with local adaptation to environmental characteristics at the sites of strain origin. 4.The strains we examined were overwhelmingly subject to age-related increases in mortality and declines in fecundity, with increases in mortality tending to decelerate and plateau at advanced ages. Despite substantial among-strain variation in cumulative fecundity and plant size, measures of pace and shape did not in themselves vary significantly among strains. Both within and among strains, we observed a negative relationship between plant size and the shape of fecundity trajectories, but we found no other evidence for life history tradeoffs involving pace or shape, nor for local adaptation. 5.Synthesis. Angiosperms display remarkable demographic variation. Our results suggest that the pace and shape of demographic trajectories are highly conserved within one particular angiosperm species (L. turionifera), despite substantial among-strain variation in other life history traits.
Data from: Among-strain consistency in the pace and shape of senescence in duckweed
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Data from: A pace and shape perspective on fertility
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