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388 results for “parental effects”
Comparing effects of auditory and visual disturbances on smallmouth bass parental care behaviors during the summer of 2025 at Douglas Lake, Michigan, USA
A prevalent source of sensory pollution within aquatic systems is recreational motorboats that can impact aquatic organisms through several exposure mechanisms. Auditory and visual sensory disturbances are particularly important as fish may utilize these cues during critical reproductive behaviors such as parental care. Here, we conducted a field study in Douglas Lake, Michigan, and located wild smallouth bass nests actively guarded by males. We exposed smallmouth bass to two sequential treatments of playback auditory noise and visual disturbances. Using an underwater drone, parental care behaviors of smallmouth bass were monitored before, during, and after both auditory and visual disturbances. The results show that auditory and visual disturbances may alter smallmouth bass parental care behaviors differently.
Qualitative Data on Effects of Early and Prolonged Parent-Child Separation: Understanding Mental Health of Separated-Reunited Chinese American Children
<div> <div> <div> <div>Early and prolonged parent-child separation due to parental migration or immigration may result in attachment disruption that can threaten the long-term mental health and functioning of affected children, and these risks can persist following reunification and through adulthood. Although sending infants back to the home country for rearing is often practiced among <em>Chinese</em> immigrants, especially low-income families, research has been sparse in understanding the long-term impact of early and prolonged parent-child separation and reunification on disparities in mental health and functioning among separated-reunited children and the mechanism through which such relationships may operate.</div> <div>Funded by National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMH), we collected semi-structured interview data from 24 parent-child dyads who have experienced separation. The data included interview scrpits with primary coding to understand the mental health impacts, risk/protective factors, and service needs among separated-reunited <em>Chinese</em> American children.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div> </div>
Transgenerational plasticity of inducible defenses: combined effects of grand-parental, parental and current environments - PDF, datasets and R script
<p><strong>PDF, dataset and R script for the paper:</strong></p> <p>Tariel J, Plénet S, & Luquet E. <em>Transgenerational plasticity of inducible defenses: combined effects of grand-parental, parental and current environments</em>. </p> <p>Two data sets are provided: one for the analysis of the behavior (dataBehaviour.csv) and one for the analysis of other variables (weight, shell thickness and morphology; dataMorphology.csv). There are analyzed in the same R script (Script_TARIEL-Juliette.R)</p> <p><strong>Signification of variables names:</strong></p> <p>G1: treatment/environment of the grand-parental generation (control C or with predator-cue P)<br> G2: treatment/environment of the parental generation (control C or with predator-cue P)<br> G3: treatment/environment of the offspring generation (control C or with predator-cue P)<br> Family: unique ID for each family<br> Individual: number to identify siblings within a family <br> ID: unique ID for each individual <br> W: snail total weight (g)<br> Th: shell thickness (mm)<br> L: shell length (mm)<br> l: shell width (mm)<br> Lo: aperture length (mm)<br> lo: aperture width (mm)<br> crawlout : position of the snail (0: below the water surface; 1: above/on the water surface)<br> Day : day of measurement (crawling-out behaviour was measured three times through three consecutives days d2, d3 and d4)</p>
Data from: Telomere heritability and parental age at conception effects in a wild avian population
<p>Individual variation in telomere length is predictive of health and mortality risk across a range of species. However, the relative influence of environmental and genetic variation on individual telomere length in wild populations remains poorly understood. Heritability of telomere length has primarily been calculated using parent–offspring regression which can be confounded by shared environments. To control for confounding variables, quantitative genetic 'animal models' can be used, but few studies have applied animal models in wild populations. Furthermore, parental age at conception may also influence offspring telomere length, but most studies have been cross-sectional. We investigated within- and between- parental age at conception effects and heritability of telomere length in the Seychelles warbler using measures from birds caught over 20 years and a multi-generational pedigree. We found a weak negative within-paternal age at conception effect (as fathers aged, their offspring had shorter telomeres) and a weak positive between-maternal age at conception effect (females that survived to older ages had offspring with longer telomeres). Animal models provided evidence that heritability and evolvability of telomere length was low in this population, and that variation in telomere length was not driven by early-life effects of hatch period or parental identities. qPCR plate had a large influence on telomere length variation and not accounting for it in the models would have underestimated heritability. Our study illustrates the need to include and account for technical variation in order to accurately estimate heritability, as well as other environmental effects, on telomere length in natural populations. </p>
Data from "Stability of genome-wide methylation patterns and parental environmental effects in the widespread, long-lived Lombardy poplar"
<p><strong>Data from : 'Stability of genome-wide methylation patterns and parental environmental effects in the widespread, long-lived Lombardy poplar'</strong></p> <p>An Vanden Broeck*, Tim Meese*, Pieter Verschelde, Karen Cox, Berthold Heinze, Dieter Deforce, Ellen De Meester and Filip Van Nieuwerburgh</p> <p> </p> <p>Related publication: Vanden Broeck, A.*, Meese, T.*, Verschelde, P. <em>et al.<strong> Genome-wide methylome stability and parental effects in the worldwide distributed Lombardy poplar</strong></em>. <em>BMC Biol</em> <strong>22</strong>, 30 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-024-01816-1</p> <ul> <li>* These authors contributed equally.</li> </ul> <p>--------------------------------------------------</p> <p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the increasing number of epigenomic studies in plants, little is known about the forces that shape the methylome in long-lived woody perennials. The Lombardy poplar (<em>Populus nigra</em> cv. 'Italica' Duroi) offers an ideal opportunity to investigate the impact of the individual environmental history of trees on the methylome.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>We present the results of three interconnected experiments on Lombardy poplar. In the first experiment, we investigated methylome variability during a growing season and across vegetatively reproduced generations. We found that ramets collected over Europe and raised in common conditions have stable methylomes in symmetrical CG-contexts. In contrast, seasonal dynamics occurred in methylation patterns in CHH-context. In the second experiment, we investigated whether methylome patterns of plants grown in a non-parental environment correlate with the parental climate. We did not observe any biological relevant pattern that significantly correlates with the parental climate. Finally, we investigated whether the parental environment has persistent carry-over effects on the vegetative offspring's' phenotype. We combined new bud set observations of three consecutive growing seasons with former published bud set data. Using a linear mixed effects analysis, we found a statistically significant but weak short-term, parental carry-over effect on the timing of bud set. However, this effect was negligible compared to the direct effects of the offspring environment.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Genome-wide cytosine methylation patterns in symmetrical GC-context are stable in Lombardy poplar and appear to be mainly the result of random processes. In this widespread poplar clone, methylation patterns in GC-context can be used as bio-markers to infer a common ancestor and thus to investigate the environmental history of a specific Lombardy poplar on short time-scales. The Lombardy poplar shows high phenotypic plasticity in a novel environment which enabled this clonal tree to adapt and survive all over the temperate regions of the world.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>ADDITIONAL FILES</strong></p> <p><strong>Additional file 1.</strong> CSV-file with information on the Lombardy poplar trees samples used for whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) in the two methylome experiments (<em>metadata</em>). The raw fastq datafiles obtained by whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) are available at the <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/">Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database</a> (submission GSE225596).</p> <p><strong>Additional file 2.</strong> CSV-file with mapping statistics, bisulfite conversion rates and percentages of cytosine methylation for each DNA-sample analyzed by whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). (<em>processed data</em>).</p> <p><strong>Additional file 3</strong>. CSV-file with the total list of GO terms that were enriched in DMRs. DMRs were identified between groups by grouping the WGBS data from 16 individual Lombardy poplar ramets by their corresponding parent-of-origin (ortet ‘HUN4’ located in Hungary, ‘ITS3’ in Italy, ‘SPC1’ in Spain and ‘UKD2’ in the UK, respectively) (<em>processed data</em>).</p> <p><strong>Additional file 4. </strong>POWERPOINT-file. Heatmaps with GO terms over-represented in promoters containing DMRs in CpG-context per between-group pairwise comparison. DMRs were identified between groups by grouping the WGBS data from 16 individual Lombardy poplar ramets by their corresponding parent-of-origin (ortet ‘HUN4’ located in Hungary, ‘ITS3’ in Italy, ‘SPC1’ in Spain and ‘UKD2’ in the UK, respectively). A. HUN4 versus ITS3; B. HUN4 versus UKD2, C; ITS3 versus SPC1; D. HUN4 versus SCP1, E. SPC1 versus UKD2</p> <p><strong>Additional file 5. </strong>CSV-file with the raw data of the bud set observations in the common garden experiment (<em>raw data</em>).</p> <p><strong>Additional file 6. </strong>HTML-file with the R source codes to reproduce the results of the bud set analysis (<em>code,</em> <em>R script</em>).</p> <p><strong>Additional file 7. </strong>A text-file representing the Snakefile (i.e. a readable Python-based workflow) including the different steps and rules of the bioinformatics of the WGBS data analyses (<em>code, Snakefile</em>).</p> <p><strong>Additional file 8. </strong>RMD-file<strong> </strong>with the code to reproduce the analyses to identify differential methylated predefined regions (<em>code,</em> <em>R script</em>).</p> <p><strong>Additional file 9. </strong>R-script with the code to reproduce the clustering and visualizing of the GO enrichment results (<em>code,</em> <em>R script</em>).</p> <p><strong>Supporting files 1</strong>. Zip-folder with: i) excel-files listing the genes in DMRs, and ii) PNG-files with the ‘Biological Coefficient of Variation (BCV)’-plots between any of the six pairwise comparisons of Lombardy poplars grouped per ortet and identified with Bioconductor package edgeR. DMRs were identified between groups by grouping the WGBS data from 16 individual Lombardy poplar ramets by their corresponding parent-of-origin (‘HUN4’ located in Hungary, ‘ITS3’ in Italy, ‘SPC1’ in Spain and ‘UKD2’ in the UK, respectively) (<em>processed data</em>).</p> <p><strong>Supporting files 2</strong>. Zip-folder with PNG-files representing heatmaps and excel-files with clustered GO terms significant over-represented in promoters and gene regions located in DMRs. DMRs were identified between groups by grouping the WGBS data from 16 individual Lombardy poplar ramets by their corresponding parent-of-origin (ortet ‘HUN4’ located in Hungary, ‘ITS3’ in Italy, ‘SPC1’ in Spain and ‘UKD2’ in the UK, respectively. The files were obtained with the Bioconductor package simplifyEnrichment (<em>processed data</em>).</p> <p>---------------------------------------------------------</p> <p>Version 3:</p> <ul> <li>Renaming of file names according to the publisher's guidelines</li> <li>Additional file 2 includes also bisulfite conversion rates per sample</li> </ul>
Effects of season length and uniparental care efficiency on the evolution of parental care
<p>Parental care patterns differ enormously among and even within species. In Chinese penduline tits (<em>Remiz pendulinus</em>), for example, biparental care, female-only care, male-only care, and biparental desertion all occur in the same population; moreover, the distribution of care patterns differs systematically between populations. By means of an individual-based model, we show that such diversity can readily evolve. We report five main findings. First, under a broad range of parameters, different care patterns (e.g. male care and biparental care) coexist at equilibrium. Second, for many parameters, alternative evolutionary outcomes are possible; this can explain differences in care patterns across populations. Third, rapid evolutionary transitions can occur between alternative equilibria; this can explain the often-reported evolutionary lability of parental care patterns. Fourth, season length has a strong but non-monotonic effect on the evolved care patterns. Fifth, when uniparental care efficiency is low, biparental care tends to evolve; however, in many scenarios uniparental care is still common at equilibrium. Our study sheds new light on Triver's hypothesis that the sex with the highest pre-zygotic investment is predestined to invest a lot post-zygotically as well. We also discuss the implications of climate change, which simultaneously affects season length and efficiency of parental care.</p>
Data from: Sex-dependent effects of parental age on offspring fitness in a cooperatively breeding bird
<p>Parental age can have considerable effects on offspring phenotypes and health. However, intergenerational effects may also have longer-term effects on offspring fitness. Few studies have investigated parental age effects on offspring fitness in natural populations while also testing for sex- and environment-specific effects. Further, longitudinal parental age effects may be masked by population-level processes such as the selective disappearance of poor-quality individuals. Here, we used multi-generational data collected on individually marked Seychelles warblers (<em>Acrocephalus</em> <em>sechellensis</em>) to investigate the impact of maternal and paternal age on offspring lifespan and lifetime reproductive success. We found negative effects of maternal age on female offspring lifespan and lifetime reproductive success, which were driven by within-mother effects. There was no difference in annual reproductive output of females born to older versus younger mothers, suggesting that the differences in offspring lifetime reproductive success were driven by effects on offspring lifespan. In contrast, there was no association between paternal age and female offspring lifespan or either maternal or paternal age and male offspring lifespan. Lifetime reproductive success, but not annual reproductive success, of male offspring increased with maternal age, but this was driven by between-mother effects. No paternal age effects were found on female offspring's lifetime reproductive success but there was a positive between-father effect on male offspring's lifetime reproductive success. We did not find strong evidence for environment-dependent parental age effects. Our study provides evidence for parental age effects on the lifetime fitness of offspring and shows that such effects can be sex-dependent. These results add to the growing literature indicating the importance of intergenerational effects on long-term offspring performance and highlight that these effects can be an important driver of variation in longevity and fitness in the wild.</p>
Modelling the influence of parental effects on gene network evolution : Data and Program
<p>The C++ software "Simevolv" is a population genetics tool able to simulate the evolution of complex genetic architectures.</p> <p>This version is a development version from which the results of the manuscript "Modelling the influence of parental effects on gene network evolution" (in prep) have been obtained.</p> <p>The "Data" file corresponds to the simulation results used in the above mentioned article.</p>
Negative parental and offspring environmental effects of macroalgae on coral recruitment are linked with alterations in the coral larval microbiome
<p>The persistence of reef-building corals is threatened by macroalgal competitors leading to a major demographic bottleneck in coral recruitment. Whether parental effects exist under coral-algal competition and whether they influence offspring performance via microbiome alterations represent major gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms by which macroalgae may hinder coral recovery. We investigated the diversity, variability and composition of the microbiome of adults and larvae of the coral <em>Pocillopora acuta</em> and surrounding benthic substrate on algal-removed and algal-dominated bommies. We then assessed the relative influence of parental and offspring environmental effects on coral recruitment processes by reciprocally exposing coral larvae from two parental origins (algal-removed and algal-dominated bommies) to algal-removed and algal-dominated environmental conditions. Dense macroalgal assemblages impacted the microbiome composition of coral larvae. Larvae produced by parents from algal-dominated bommies were depleted in putative beneficial bacteria and enriched in opportunistic taxa. These larvae had a significantly lower survival compared to larvae from algal-removed bommies regardless of environmental conditions. In contrast, algal-induced parental and offspring environmental effects interacted to reduce the survival of coral recruits. Together our results demonstrate negative algal-induced parental and offspring environmental effects on coral recruitment that could be mediated by alterations in the offspring microbiome.</p>
Reciprocal F1 hybrids of two inbred mouse strains reveal parent-of-origin and perinatal diet effects on behavior and expression
<p>Raw data and statistical analyses from an experiment to study parent-of-origin and diet-by-parent-of-origin effects on expression and behavior. </p> <p>In this experiment, female NOD/ShiLtJ x C57Bl/6J and C57Bl/6J x NOD/ShiLtJ mice were exposed in utero to one of four diets. After weaning, their whole-brain gene expression, as well as a set of behaviors that model psychiatric disease, were recorded and analyzed.</p> <p>File_S1_README contains detailed descriptions of all included files.</p>
Data for: Effects of parental age on salt stress tolerance in an aquatic plant
<p>Parental age influences components of offspring fitness in many species. The ability to tolerate stress also affects fitness, but less is known regarding changes in offspring stress tolerance with increasing parental age, especially in plants. We examined first and fifth-born clonal offspring (using birth order as a proxy for parental age), and compared their fitness in several sub-lethal concentrations of salt (NaCl), to investigate the interactive effects of birth order and salt stress on the offspring of the aquatic plant <em>Lemna minor </em>L. We found that increasing salt concentration reduced reproduction particularly at early ages, which detrimentally affected fitness, as measured by the intrinsic rate of natural increase. Fifth offspring had greater fitness than first offspring, potentially due to the hump-shaped relationship between offspring fitness and birth order observed in other studies on <em>Lemna</em>, with fifth offspring near the peak of the hump. We found no interactive effect of birth order and salt concentration on offspring fitness; however, there were interactive effects on the time to first reproduction and the size of fronds. Specifically, first offspring exposed to increasing salt concentrations exhibited longer delays to first reproduction and grew to a greater size, while fifth offspring showed little change in either variable with increasing salt concentration. Thus, variation in birth order affected offspring response to salt stress, although not in terms of fitness. These results help illuminate factors impacting the age-specific strength of natural selection and stress responses, and may be environmentally relevant in the context of environmental salinization.</p>
Summary statistics for: Phenome-wide analyses identify an association between the parent-of-origin effects dependent methylome and the rate of aging in humans
<p>Summary statistics of single POE-CpG based and POE-CpG co-methylation module based phenome-wide association analyses for the manuscript "Phenome-wide analyses identify an association between the parent-of-origin effects dependent methylome and the rate of aging in humans"</p>
Data from: Testing the evolutionary potential of an alpine plant: Phenotypic plasticity in response to growth temperature outweighs parental environmental effects and other genetic causes of variation
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Data from: Sex-dependent effects of parental age on offspring fitness in a cooperatively breeding bird
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Negative parental and offspring environmental effects of macroalgae on coral recruitment are linked with alterations in the coral larval microbiome
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Effects of parental care on skin microbial community composition in poison frogs
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Data from: Telomere heritability and parental age at conception effects in a wild avian population
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Data for: Effects of parental age on salt stress tolerance in an aquatic plant
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Effects of season length and uniparental care efficiency on the evolution of parental care
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Data from: Parental effects of male alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) on ARTs of haploid sons
1. Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) represent distinct behavioral phenotypes to maximize reproductive success within the same sex, primarily males, and may be genetically and/or conditionally determined. Across animals, intragenerational determinants of conditional ARTs are relatively well understood but transgenerational (non-genetic) effects of parental ARTs on filial ARTs are largely unknown. 2. Here, we assessed parental effects of conditional male ARTs on sons' ARTs in arrhenotokous spider mites Tetranychus urticae. Arrhenotoky, i.e. males arising from unfertilized and females from fertilized eggs, sets the stage for sexual and transgenerational conflicts between male mates and females and their sons. Male ARTs of T. urticae are dichotomous, fighting and sneaking, and apparent in male-male combat and pre-copulatory guarding behavior. Due to haplodiploidy, male ARTs can only exert non-genetic effects on sons of their mates. 3. We hypothesized that parental ART effects are likely to occur in T. urticae because maternal ART mating status (unmated, sneaker- or fighter-mated) is indicative of the offspring' social environment and ART flexibility rather prevails in younger than older males. 4. Fighter-mated mothers produced more offspring than unmated mothers and had a more daughter-biased offspring sex ratio than sneaker-mated mothers. Sons of fighter-mated mothers were more likely to guard and did so earlier than sons of unmated and sneaker-mated mothers. Unmated and sneaker-mated, but not fighter-mated, mothers produced sneaker sons that were quicker to start guarding than were fighter sons. 5. Proximately, parental ART effects on sons' ARTs were most likely mediated by differences in seminal fluids. Ultimately, observed alterations of sons' ARTs represent adaptive maternal responses to ART phenotypes rather than manipulation by male mates. 6. Fighter-mated mothers tuned filial ARTs to male-competitive environments whereas unmated and sneaker-mated mothers tuned them to benign environments. Observed alterations in reproductive traits of fighter-mated mothers suggest adaptive manipulation by the fighter phenotype or aligned male and female interests. 7. Overall, our study documents previously unknown transgenerational ART effects on haploid sons' ARTs.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.