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733 results for “passive”
Dynamic_Passive_Threat
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Seasonal sea ice indices including the timing of ice-edge advance and ice-edge retreat (in year day), the ice season duration (in days) and number of actual ice days (versus open water days) within the ice season, extracted for various PAL LTER sub-regions West of the Antarctic Peninsula and derived from passive microwave satellite data for 1979/80 to 2023/24 ice seasons.
Seasonal sea ice indices including the timing of ice-edge advance and ice-edge retreat (in year day), the ice season duration (in days) and number of actual ice days (versus open water days) within the ice season, extracted for various PAL LTER sub-regions West of the Antarctic Peninsula and derived from passive microwave satellite data for 1979/80 to 2023/24 ice seasons. The ice season duration is defined as the time elapsed between day of ice-edge advance and day of ice-edge retreat within a given sea ice year, which begins mid-February (mean minimum of summer sea ice extent for the Southern Ocean) and ends the following mid-February. See Stammerjohn et al (2008, JGR) for further details.
Average monthly sea ice coverage for various PAL LTER sub-regions West of the Antarctic Peninsula derived from passive microwave satellite data, 1978 - June 2024.
Monthly sea ice coverage derived from passive microwave satellite measurements and extracted for various PAL LTER subregions. Several different sea-ice metrics are provided including (1) monthly sea-ice extent, sea-ice area, and open-water area (km^2) extracted for the greater WAP region (from the AP to 80W) and for 3 PAL LTER grid regions: the original PAL grid (000-900 lines), the PAL 'DSR' grid (200-600 lines), and the PAL 'new' grid (-200 to 600 lines); and (2) monthly sea-ice concentration (%) extracted for small PAL subregions, including the nominal penguin foraging areas (~200km by ~200km) southwest of King George Island (KGI), Anvers, Avian and Charcot islands, as well as for Marguerite Bay (~140km by ~140km) (inland of the area defined for Avian).
Average yearly sea ice coverage for various PAL LTER sub-regions West of the Antarctic Peninsula derived from passive microwave satellite data, 1979 - 2023.
Annual sea ice coverage derived from passive microwave satellite measurements and extracted for various PAL LTER subregions. Several different sea-ice metrics are provided including: monthly sea-ice extent, sea-ice area, and open-water area (km^2) extracted for the greater WAP region (from the AP to 80W) and for 3 PAL LTER grid regions: the original PAL grid (000-900 lines), the PAL 'DSR' grid (200-600 lines), and the PAL 'new' grid (-200 to 600 lines).
DataSet of "No renal dysfunction or salt and water retention in acute mountain sickness at 4,559 m among young resting males after passive ascent"
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p><strong>Purpose</strong>: This study examined the role and function of the kidney at high altitude in relation to fluid balance and the development of acute mountain sickness (AMS), avoiding confounders that have contributed to conflicting results in previous studies.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>: We examined 18 healthy male volunteers (18 - 40 years) not acclimatized to high altitude while on a controlled diet and resting recumbently for 24 h at Lausanne (altitude: 560 m) followed by a period of 44 hours after reaching the Regina Margherita hut (4,559 m) by helicopter.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: AMS scores peaked after 20 h at 4,559 m. AMS was defined as functional Lake Louise score <span class="math-tex">\({\ge}\)</span> 2.There were no significant differences between 10 subjects with and 8 subjects without AMS for urinary flow, fluid balance and weight change. Sodium excretion rate was lower in those with AMS after 24 h at altitude. Microalbuminuria increased at altitude but not differently between the groups. Creatinine clearance was not affected by altitude or AMS, while sinistrin and PAH clearances decreased slightly, more markedly in those without AMS. Plasma concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, atrial natriuretic factor and vasopressin increased while renin activity, angiotensin and aldosterone decreased at altitude. Hormones levels did not differ between those with and without AMS.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: 1) Renal function is not affected by hypoxia at 4,559 m in resting subjects except for minor microalbuminuria, 2) high altitude diuresis does not occur and 3) AMS is not associated with salt and water retention or renal dysfunction.</p>
Leaf moisture content (live-fuel moisture content) at global scale from passive microwave satellite observations of vegetation optical depth (VOD2LFMC)
<p><strong>Related paper:</strong> <a href="https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2022-121/">Forkel et al. (2022)</a></p> <p>The VOD2LFMC dataset contains estimates of leaf moisture content as defined as live-fuel moisture content (LFMC) derived from passive microwave satellite observation of vegetation optical depth (VOD). LFMC is defined as the fresh mass of a leaf over the dry mass and is expressed in %:</p> <p><span class="math-tex">\(LFMC = {m_{fresh}-m_{dry}\over m_{dry}}*100\%\)</span></p> <p>LFMC was estimated from the <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2575599">VODCA version 1</a> dataset of Ku-band VOD using the model approach “B” as described in Forkel et al. (2022).</p> <p>The file VOD2LFMC-B_v01_2000-2017.zip contains (unzipped ~ 57 GB):</p> <ul> <li>daily global data per month netCDF files</li> <li>a README file</li> <li>Ancillary file VOD2LFMC-B_v01_support-by-obs.nc</li> </ul> <p>Grid, time and variable definitions:</p> <ul> <li> <p>Grid-name: Geographic Lat/Lon</p> </li> <li> <p>Pixel-size: 1/4 degrees</p> </li> <li> <p>Size-x: 1440</p> </li> <li> <p>Size-y: 557</p> </li> <li> <p>Time period: February 2000 – July 2017</p> </li> <li> <p>Temporal resolution: daily</p> </li> <li> <p>Variable: Live-fuel moisture content (LFMC) in %</p> </li> <li> <p>Valid-range: 0-400%</p> </li> </ul> <p> </p>
Passive gas plume database for metrics comparison
<p>Plume database used for the evaluation of different metrics that are presented in the submitted paper "New plume comparison metrics for the inversion of passive gases emissions". The synthetical CO2 plumes presented in the NetCDF file entitled "Synthetical_CO2_plume_database.nc" are the results of chemical transport model simulations described in the preprint available here <a href="https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-48/">https://amt.copernicus.org/preprints/amt-2022-48/</a>.</p>
Test dataset for "Steam condensation scaled experiment in the presence of non-condensable gases for small modular reactor containment passive safety"
<p>This study presents scaled experiments using steam condensation with non-condensable gas (NCG)—helium (He), simulating hydrogen, and nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>)—as these experiments are pivotal for water-cooled reactor passive containment cooling system (PCCS) design and analysis. Research into PCCSs for small modular reactors (SMRs) is especially important in light of SMR system design; however, studies in the literature reflect limitations due to test geometry and operational condition variations, without considering SMR prototypic design. To address these challenges, a scaled test facility was developed to accurately replicate SMR PCCSs. This facility includes vertical down-flow condensing test sections with 1-, 2-, and 4-in.-diameter condensing tubes, accompanied by annular water cooling. Experiments were conducted using both superheated and saturated steam, with steam mass flow rates in the presence of NCG varying from: (a) 55 to 66 kg/hr. of steam, and 1.8 to 22 kg/hr. of He (as the NCG); (b) 58 to 63 kg/hr. of steam, and 4.4 to 13.3 kg/hr. of N<sub>2</sub> (as the NCG). Test data were collected on (a) the axial temperatures of the annular cooling water; (b) the outer wall temperature of the condensers; and (c) the mass flow rate, temperature, and pressure at the test section inlets and outlets. These primary test data were used in conjunction with a standard data reduction methodology to estimate essential thermal parameters such as heat fluxes, heat transfer coefficients, and condensation rates. The effects of NCGs on steam condensation within the geometry of the scaled test sections were then presented in regard to various testing conditions.</p>
Beyond the passive–active dichotomy: aligning research with the intervention continuum framework of ecological restoration
<p>The dataset and R script file are associated with the publication, "Krishnan, A. and Osuri, A.M. (2022), Beyond the passive-active dichotomy: aligning research with the intervention continuum framework of ecological restoration. Restoration Ecology:e13828. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13828"</p> <p>Please refer to the readme.txt file for more information on the dataset and analyses.</p>
The recovery of plant community composition following passive restoration across spatial scales, Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve, 1983-2016
1. Human impacts have led to dramatic biodiversity change which can be highly scale-dependent across space and time. A primary means to manage these changes is via passive (here, the removal of disturbance) or active (management interventions) ecological restoration. The recovery of biodiversity, following the removal of disturbance is often incomplete relative to some kind of reference target. The magnitude of recovery of ecological systems following disturbance depend on the landscape matrix, as well as the temporal and spatial scales at which biodiversity is measured. 2. We measured the recovery of biodiversity and species composition over 27 years in 17 temperate grasslands abandoned after agriculture at different points in time, collectively forming a chronosequence since abandonment from one to eighty years. We compare these abandoned sites with known agricultural land-use histories to never-disturbed sites as relative benchmarks. We specifically measured aspects of diversity at the local plot-scale (α-scale, 0.5m2) and site-scale (γ-scale, 10m2), as well as the within-site heterogeneity (β-diversity) and among-site variation in species composition (turnover and nestedness). 3. At our α-scale, sites recovering after agricultural abandonment only had 70% of the plant species richness (and ~30% of the evenness), compared to never-ploughed sites. Within-site β-diversity recovered following agricultural abandonment to around 90% after 80 years. This effect, however, was not enough to lead to recovery at our γ-scale. Richness in recovering sites was ~65% of that in remnant never-ploughed sites. The presence of species characteristic of the never disturbed sites increased in the recovering sites through time. Forb and legume cover declines in years since abandonment, relative to graminoid cover across sites. 4. Synthesis. We found that, during the 80 years after agricultural abandonment, old-fields did not recover to the level of biodiversity in remnant never-plough
Data supplement for "Bifurcations of front motion in passive and active Allen-Cahn-type equations"
<p>This dataset contains the data and source files for figures 5 and 7-10 in the following publication: </p> <p>F. Stegemerten, S.V. Gurevich, U. Thiele</p> <p><em>'Bifurcations of front motion in passive and active Allen–Cahn-type equations' </em></p> <p>published in 2020 in CHAOS.</p> <p>Please follow the instructions given in 'Readme.txt'.</p>
Dataset: Temporal recalibration in response to delayed visual feedback of active versus passive actions
<p>Data set related to the manuscript: </p><p>Kufer, K., Schmitter, C. V, Kircher, T., Straube, B., 2023. Temporal recalibration in response to delayed visual feedback of active versus passive actions: An fMRI study. https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-3493865/V1</p><p>Abstract:</p><p>The brain can adapt its expectations about the relative timing of actions and their sensory outcomes in a process known as temporal recalibration. This might occur as the recalibration of timing between the outcome and (1) the motor act (sensorimotor) or (2) tactile/proprioceptive information (inter-sensory). This fMRI recalibration study investigated sensorimotor contributions to temporal recalibration by comparing active and passive conditions. Subjects were repeatedly exposed to delayed (150ms) or undelayed visual stimuli, triggered by active or passive button presses. Recalibration effects were tested in delay detection tasks, including visual and auditory outcomes. We showed that both modalities were affected by visual recalibration. However, an active advantage was observed only in visual conditions. Recalibration was generally associated with the left cerebellum (lobules IV, V and vermis) while action related activation (active > passive) occurred in the right middle/superior frontal gyrus during adaptation and test phases. Recalibration transferred from vision to audition was related to action specic activations in the cingulate cortex, the angular gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus. Our data provide new insights in sensorimotor contributions to temporal recalibration via the superior frontal gyrus and inter-sensory contributions mediated by the cerebellum.</p>
Passive Perching with Energy Storage for Winged Aerial Robots Dataset
<p>This dataset corresponds to the publication:</p> <p>"Passive Perching with Energy Storage for Winged Aerial Robots" W. Stewart, L. Guarino, Y. Piskarev, and D. Floreano. Advanced Intelligent Systems, <a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100150">http://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202100150</a></p>
HadCM3 passive tracer Green's functions
<p>HadCM3 passive tracer Green's functions simulated in the pre-industrial control experiment. Two configurations of Green's functions are included. G_c propagates concentration boundary conditions. G_f propagates air-sea tracer fluxes.</p>
Supplementary data and codes for "Confinement-induced accumulation accumulation and de-mixing of microscopic active-passive mixtures"
<p>This file contains the data and codes used in the paper</p> <p>“Confinement-induced accumulation accumulation and de-mixing of microscopic active-passive mixtures”, S. Williams et al, 2022.</p> <p>It includes the data used in all the figures and supplementary figures, as well as the codes used for simulations and escape rate estimation. The data files are in .mat format. The codes are Matlab codes with the exception of the analytical estimate of the escape rate which is a Mathematica worksheet.</p>
Dataset for the publication: Development of a Mg/O ReaxFF Potential to describe the Passivation Processes in Magnesium-Ion Batteries
<p>This dataset contains all input and output files of the performed calculations, which results were published in the ChemSusChem article: 'Development of a Mg/O ReaxFF Potential to describe the Passivation Processes in Magnesium-Ion Batteries' (<a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202201821">https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202201821</a>). A preprint of the publication is further available under: <a href="http://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-3chph">https://doi.org/10.26434/chemrxiv-2022-3chph</a>.</p>
All-sky information content analysis for novel passive microwave instruments - data
<p>This dataset is the underlying data for the article:</p> <p>Grützun, V., S. A. Buehler, L. Kluft, M. Brath, J. Mendrok, and P. Eriksson (in press, 2018), All-sky Information Content Analysis for Novel Passive Microwave Instruments in the Range from 23.8 GHz up to 874.4 GHz, Atmos. Meas. Tech., doi:10.5194/amt-2017-377. </p> <p>Please refer to that article for a description of the scientific background of the data and to the attached README file for a technical documentation. </p> <p>Contact: Verena Grützun, verena.gruetzun@uni-hamburg.de<br> </p>
Dataset related to publication: Nanoporous Film Layers to Enhance the Performance of Passive Radiative Cooling Paint Mixtures
<p>Dataset related to the publication:</p> <p><em>Giuseppe Emanuele Lio,</em><em> Sara Levorin</em><em>, Atakan Erdoğan</em><em>, Jérémy Werlé</em><em>, Alain J. Corso</em><em>, Luca </em><em>Schenato</em><em>, Diederik S. Wiersma</em><em>, Marco Santagiustina</em><em>, Lorenzo Pattelli</em><em>, Maria Guglielmina Pelizzo. </em><em>Nanoporous Film Layers to Enhance the Performance of Passive Radiative Cooling Paint Mixtures, accepted and in publishing on International Journal of Thermophysics. </em>DOI: 10.1007/s10765-024-03439-8</p> <p>The repository contains the temperature, relative humidity, irradiance, sky temperature and net cooling power measurements in the file named "DATA_IJT_Nanoporous_Film_ Layer.txt" and the python script (Data_analizer.py) to analyze them as done in the paper.</p> <p> </p> <p>The repository also contain the Matlab workspace (IJT_data.mat)and code (Data_R_ATR_analyzer)to evaluate all the sample reflectance and FTIR measurements. Moreover, the extra measurements performed on the Celgard thin film are available in the workspace "Celgard_UV_VIS_NIR_T.mat" and "R_Celgard.mat". Moreover in Version 2 all the used data for Reflectance and Transmittance are also available in "txt" format for a simple and fast usage. </p> <p> </p> <h2>Notes (English)</h2> <div> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>This work was partly supported by</p> <ul> <li>European Project 21GRD03 PaRaMetriC, which received funding from the European Partnership on Metrology, co-financed by the European Union's Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme, and from the Participating States.</li> <li>European Union - PON Research and Innovation 2014-2020 in accordance with Article 24, paragraph 3a), of Law No. 240 of December 30, 2010, as amended, and Ministerial Decree No. 1062 of August 10, 2021</li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>
An EEG dataset for cross-session mental workload estimation: Passive BCI competition of the Neuroergonomics Conference 2021
<p>The dataset is part of a new open EEG database designed to answer a need for more publicly available EEG-based dataset to design and benchmark passive brain-computer interface pipelines (as detailed in [Hinss2021]). This database is currently being created and will be fully released before the end of the year. It will include data acquired over 30 participant, 4 tasks and 3 sessions. For this competition, hosted by the Neuroergonomics Conference 2021, only one task and half the participants will be analyzed. Hence, this competition focuses on a renowned task that elicits various levels of mental/cognitive workload: the Multi-Atribute Task Battery-II (MATB-II) developed by NASA (https://matb.larc.nasa.gov/). It is composed of 4 sub-tasks: system monitoring, tracking, resource management and communications. By varying the number and complexity of the sub-tasks, 3 levels of workload were elicited (verified through statistical analyzes of both subjective and objective -behavioral and cardiac- data). Each difficulty level was performed by 15 subjects (6 female; 9 average 25 y.o.) during 5 minutes per session, in a pseudo-randomized order. Each session was separated by 7 days. We used a 62 actiChamp EEG channels device (BrainProducts; electrode placement 10-20 system).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>For the competition, your goal is to predict the mental workload for a given subject (intra-subject estimation) using the EEG data from another session (inter-session adaptation). More information on the conference website and in the documentation file.</strong></p>
COG-BCI database: A multi-session and multi-task EEG cognitive dataset for passive brain-computer interfaces
<p>Brain-Computer Interfaces, and especially passive Brain-Computer Interfaces (pBCI), with their ability to estimate and detect mental states, are receiving increasing attention from both the scientific and the research and development communities. Many pBCIs aim to increase the safety of complex work environments such as in the aeronautical domain. Therefore, mental workload, vigilance and decision-making are some of the most commonly examined aspects of cognition within this field of research. A large proportion of pBCIs involve a component of machine learning and signal processing as the data that are collected need to be transformed into a reliable estimate of the users’ current mental state (e.g. mental workload). Improving this component is a major challenge for researchers, requiring large quantities of data. While data sharing is common for the active BCI community, open pBCI datasets are scarcer and generally incomplete with regards to the information they report. This is particularly true for datasets encompassing several tasks or sessions, which are of importance for tackling the challenges of transfer learning. Testing new pipelines, feature extraction algorithms and classifiers are central issues for future advances in research within this domain, as well as for algorithm benchmark and research reproducibility.The COG-BCI database presented here is comprised of the recordings of 29 participants over 3 individual sessions with 4 different tasks designed to elicit different cognitive states. This results in a total of over 100 hours of open electrophysiological (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) data. The project was validated by the local ethical committee of the University of Toulouse (CER number 2021-342). The dataset was validated on a subjective, behavioral and physiological level (i.e. cardiac and cerebral activity), to ensure its usefulness to the pBCI community. This body of work represents a large effort to promote the use of pBCIs, as well as the use of open science.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>The data are in the Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) format. For more information, please read the COG-BCI_info.pdf file.</strong></p> <p><strong>Please note that version 4 corrected an electrode name mismatch, for which we sincerely apologize. The answers to the RSME and KSS questionnaires are provided in two separate .txt files.</strong></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.