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50 results for “periphyton”
Stream Periphyton Response to Hemlock Mortality in Central Massachusetts 2006
The Hemlock Wooly Adelgid (HWA) invasion is expected to cause widespread mortality of eastern hemlock [Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere] throughout much of New England. Light levels in streams with hemlock riparian zones are anticipated to increase as hemlock are replaced by deciduous trees. We sought to: 1) quantify differences in light reaching streams with hemlock and deciduous riparian zones, 2) determine if increases in light result in higher periphyton biomass, and 3) explore the role of macroinvertebrate grazing on periphyton biomass as light increases in an attempt to help predict stream ecosystem responses to hemlock mortality. Light measurements were taken along 100-800m stream reaches with riparian zones of healthy hemlock and deciduous trees in MA and CT in order to document an integrated light profile for each stream. In addition, a 2 x 2 factorial experimental design with five replicates was executed on a deciduous reach of Egypt Brook in central MA, in which light (high light vs. low light) and grazing (high grazing vs. low grazing) were manipulated. Light measurements were significantly higher for streams with deciduous riparian zones than hemlock riparian zones. Controlled shading reduced chlorophyll a, while excluding grazing yielded inconclusive results. Periphyton biomass in Egypt Brook was found to be light limited, and grazing did not suppress periphyton biomass. As hemlocks die, in-stream light will be significantly augmented, and periphyton biomass will increase. A challenge for stream ecologists will be to incorporate multiple physical, chemical, and biological controls on biota in order to fully understand how regional hemlock mortality will alter stream periphyton biomass.
Summer water chemistry, high frequency sensors, zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrate community composition, periphyton, fish, and macrophyte biomass, along with lake metabolism and greenhouse gas dynamics in six experimental ponds in central Iowa, USA (2020)
This data product contains physical, chemical, and biological data ranging from the minute to daily to weekly scale in six artificial ponds (400 square meter surface area, 2m depth) in central Iowa (USA) 2020. Ponds were paired into three sets of treatment and reference with treatment ponds receiving two nutrient pulses designed to increase ambient phosphorus concentrations ~ 3 - 5%. Nitrogen and phosphorus were added as NH4NO3 and H3PO4, respectively, at a 24:1 molar ratio. The first nutrient pulse occurred on Julian day of year (DOY) 176 corresponding to a 3% increase and the second nutrient pulse occurred on DOY 211 to a 5% increase. Each treatment-reference set had a different food web structure established ranging between low, intermediate, and high complexity based on trophic connectivity and food chain length. Added to this data package is a document titled "2020 Iowa State University Horticultural Farm Experimental Ponds Nutrient Addition Experiment". For experimental set up, context, and a summary table of the data tables archived herein with available variables please review this document. It is added to aid in successful interpretation and to increase ease-of-use. Please email Tyler Butts (tyler.james.butts@gmail.com) for any and all questions regarding context or use of this dataset!
A unified dataset of co-located sewage pollution, periphyton, and benthic macroinvertebrate community and food web structure from Lake Baikal (Siberia)
Sewage released from lakeside development can introduce nutrients and micropollutants that can restructure aquatic ecosystems. Lake Baikal, the world's most ancient, biodiverse, and voluminous lake, has been experiencing localized sewage pollution from lakeside settlements. Increasing filamentous algal abundance suggests benthic communities are responding to this localized pollution. We surveyed 40-km of Lake Baikal's southwestern shoreline 19-23 August 2015 for sewage indicators, including pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and microplastics with co-located periphyton, macroinvertebrate, stable isotope, and fatty acid sampling. Unique identifiers corresponding to sampling locations are retained throughout all data files to facilitate interoperability among the dataset's 150+ variables. The data are structured in a tidy format (a tabular arrangement familiar to limnologists) to encourage future reuse. For Lake Baikal studies, these data can support continued monitoring and research efforts. For global studies of lakes, these data can help characterize sewage prevalence and ecological consequences of anthropogenic disturbance across spatial scales.
Periphyton Net Primary Productivity and Respiration Rates from the Taylor Slough, just outside Everglades National Park (FCE), South Florida from December 1998 to December 2004
Periphyton metabolism is being measured at TS/Ph1b, TS/Ph2, TS/Ph3, TS/Ph4, and TS/Ph5 every 6-8 weeks during the wet season. We quantify metabolic rates of periphyton assemblages using standard oxygen change techniques in 300mL light and dark BOD bottles in triplicate. Using YSI dissolved oxygen probes and meters, we measure dissolved oxygen change as the difference of initial and final oxygen concentrations during a two hour incubation period. We calculate net primary productivity and respiration rates in units of oxygen and carbon, then normalize to the organic content (ash free dry weight) of the incubated periphyton.
Periphyton Net Primary Productivity and Respiration Rates from the Taylor Slough, just outside Everglades National Park, South Florida (FCE) from December 1998 to August 2002
Once per year, at TS/Ph-4 and TS/Ph-5 we incubate periphyton from each site in water from each site in a complete factorial design. We quantify metabolic rates of periphyton assemblages using standard oxygen change techniques in 300mL light and dark BOD bottles in triplicate. Using YSI dissolved oxygen probes and meters, we measure dissolved oxygen change as the difference of initial and final oxygen concentrations over a two hour incubation. We calculate net primary productivity and respiration rates in units of oxygen and carbon, then normalize to the organic content (ash free dry weight) of the incubated periphyton.
Periphyton data from LTER Caribbean Karstic Region (CKR) study in Yucatan, Belize and Jamaica (FCE LTER) during 2006, 2007, 2008
Several studies have shown that within the Florida Coastal Everglades, periphyton mat properties, (incuding biomass, nutrient and organic content, and community composition) vary predictably in response to water quality.The Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE) wetland system is very similar with respect to climate, geology, hydrology and vegetation, to wetlands found in Jamaica, the Yucatan region of Mexico and parts of Belize. This study was therefore conducted to ascertain (i) the level of similarity between the periphyton diatom communities from karstic wetland sites in Belize, Mexico, Jamaica and comparable sites within the FCE, (ii) the relationship between periphyton biomass, TP levels and diatom community composition at these sites, and (iii) the feasibility of employing diatoms as indicators of water quality at these sites, using models relating diatom community composition to water quality from comparable sites within the FCE. Multiple wetland sites in Jamaica, the Yucatan region of Mexico and parts of Belize were visited between 2006 and 2008, during wet and dry seasons. At each site physico-chemical data were collected along with periphyton samples. The periphyton samples were processed in accordance with standard methods to obtain biomass, organic content and TP measures, and to identify and enumerate diatom and soft algae species. Various aspects of the diatom communities were then compared to previously compiled data on diatom communities from various parts of the FCE. SIMI analysis was used to determine the level of similarity between the systems and Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling was used to identify relationships between diatom communities and water quality.
Periphyton and Associated Environmental Data Relative from Samples Collected from the Greater Everglades, Florida, USA from September 2005 to November 2014
This data package contains peripihyton and environmental data collected annually during the wet season between 2005 and 2014 from sites distributed throughout the greater Everglades ecosystem. This project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program's Monitoring and Assessment Plan intended to document baseline variability in periphyton attributes for assessing the effectiveness of restoration projects. A total of 200 primary sampling units (PSU) of 800 m x 800 m are nested in 32 landscape units and each year, random coordinates are 'drawn' within each PSU and one sampleable draw is visited in each. Sampled periphyton is processed for diatoms, slides are prepared, and 500 frustules are enumerated and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic resolution per slide. Taxon abundances are then relativized to the total count. These data accompany environmental, periphyton biomass, and soft algal abundance datasets.
Relative Abundance Diatom Data from Periphyton Samples Collected from the Greater Everglades, Florida USA from September 2005 to November 2014
This data package contains relative diatom taxon abundances collected annually during the wet season between 2005 and 2014 from sites distributed throughout the greater Everglades ecosystem. This project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program's Monitoring and Assessment Plan intended to document baseline variability in periphyton attributes for assessing the effectiveness of restoration projects. A total of 200 primary sampling units (PSU) of 800 m x 800 m are nested in 32 landscape units and each year, random coordinates are 'drawn' within each PSU and one sampleable draw is visited in each. Sampled periphyton is processed for diatoms, slides are prepared, and 500 frustules are enumerated and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic resolution per slide. Taxon abundances are then relativized to the total count. These data accompany environmental, periphyton biomass, and soft algal abundance datasets. Post-2014 data are available upon request to the project PI, Evelyn Gaiser.
Periphyton Nutritonal Data across the freshwater Everglades (FCE): June 2016-Feb 2017
Fatty Acid profiles were obtained for various periphyton sources (food for consumers) accross the freshwater Everglades in June-July 2016, the peak of the wet season, and in January 2017, the peak of the dry season. These data include specific fatty acid markers for each periphyton type (floating mat, benthic mat, epiphyton, and/or filamentous green) collected. Nutritional measurements for various periphyton sources (food for consumers) were also obtained during the same intervals. These measurements include periphyton type (floating mat, benthic mat, epiphyton, and/or filamentous green), periphyton availability (volume, organic content and mineral content), stoichiometric data (TP, C:N, C:P, and N:P), and macronutrient composition (protein, carbohydrate, lipid). These measurements form the basis for the data discussed in the dissertation chapter, "Freshwater herbivores dominate over omnivores in suboptimal habitats because of their ability to exploit low quality resources" by Jessica L Sanchez and Joel C Trexler.
Abrupt and Gradual Salt Application Mesocosm Experiment Zooplankton, Phytoplankton, Periphyton and Abiotic Data, Troy, NY, 2018.
Increasing chloride concentrations from road salt applications are an emerging threat to freshwater diversity in cold weather regions. Few studies have focused on how road salt affects freshwater biota and even fewer have focused on how the rate of exposure alters organism responses. We hypothesized that road salt concentrations delivered gradually would result in slower population declines and more rapid rebounds due to evolved tolerance. To test this hypothesis, we examined the responses of freshwater lake organisms to four environmentally relevant salt concentrations (100, 230, 860, and 1600 mg Cl−/L) that differed in application rate (abrupt vs. gradual). We used outdoor aquatic mesocosms containing zooplankton, filamentous algae, phytoplankton, periphyton, and macroinvertebrates. We found negative effects of road salt on zooplankton and macroinvertebrate abundance, but positive effects on phytoplankton and periphyton, likely resulting from reduced grazing. Only rarely did we detect a difference between abrupt vs gradual salt applications and the directions of those differences were not consistent. This affirms the need for additional research on how road salt pollution entering ecosystems at different frequencies and magnitudes will alter freshwater communities.
Periphyton Productivity from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, October 2001 - October 2024
Periphyton productivity was measured annually at FCE LTER sites in Florida Bay and Shark Slough using light and dark BOD bottle incubations. Data are presented in terms of mass oxygen and/or carbon produced/consumed per gram of periphyton and per m2 of marsh. This is part of continuous data collection to test the hypothesis that phosphorus and nitrogen limit productivity at the upstream and downstream ends, respectively, of the FCE transects. Conclusions await longer-term data collection. Data collection is complete.
Periphyton data collected from Northeast Shark Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER) from September 2006 to September 2008
Periphyton assessments were conducted and recorded for each throw. Periphyton volumes, cover, type and composition were recorded, along with some general observations of the area. Periphyton samples were brought back for processing, and archived for soft algae, diatom, chlorophyll a, biomass and nutrient analysis.
Periphyton Accumulation Rates from Shark River Slough, Taylor Slough and Florida Bay, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, January 2001 - ongoing
Periphyton accumulation rates were measured quarterly at FCE LTER sites in SRS and TS/Ph marshes (SRS 1-3, TS/Ph 1-3) and the seagrass meadows of Florida Bay (TS/Ph 9-11). Glass slides were used as artificial substrates for periphyton growth. Twenty slides were incubated for 2 months in triplicate periphytometers (flow-through plastic boxes) at the surface (marsh sites) and bottom (seagrass sites) at each site. In addition, at seagrass sites, twelve artificial seagrass blades were incubated for two months in triplicate at each site. Blades were made from strips of transparency film anchored to the bottom and floating upward toward the surface by use of a styrofoam bead on the top of the blade. Data are presented in terms of grams dry and ash-free dry mass accumulated per area per time, as well as the chlorophyll a content of the dry mass and its rate of accumulation. Total phosphorus content of accumulated periphyton is also provided. This is part of continuous data collection to test the hypothesis that phosphorus availability and hydroperiod influence periphyton production in the Everglades.
Periphyton Biomass Accumulation from the Shark River and Taylor Sloughs, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, January 2003 - ongoing
Periphyton biomass was measured quarterly at three replicate locations (1, 2, and 3) at FCE LTER marsh sites (SRS 1-3; TS/Ph 1-3). A 1-m2 plot was placed in the marsh and percent cover of periphyton was visually estimated, including cover on the water surface (floating), plant stems (epiphytic), and on the bottom (benthic). Periphyton was then harvested from the quadrats into a 2000 ml perforated graduated cylinder and the volume measured. A 120-ml subsample was removed and taken back to the laboratory for analysis. Data provided include percent cover by substrate, dry, ash, and ash-free dry mass per area, chlorophyll a per gram ash-free dry mass and per area, and the total phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon concentration on a dry weight basis. This is part of a continuous data collection to test the hypothesis that phosphorus and hydrology interact to influence periphyton abundance in Everglades marshes.
Periphyton, hydrological and environmental data in a coastal freshwater wetland (FCE), Florida Everglades National Park, USA (2014-2015)
The characteristic, calcareous periphyton mats of the Everglades, and particularly their diatom assemblages, provide an ideal community to study the patterns and mechanisms of community assembly along environmental gradients with ecotones. Understanding patterns and mechanisms of diatom community assembly along salinity and P gradients can be incorporated into tools for predicting changes in these gradients, and the location and movement of the "white zone" ecotone, caused by saltwater intrusion and water management outcomes in the Southern Everglades. Patterns of environmental variation and periphytic-diatom community structure along the freshwater-marine gradient of Everglades National Park, FL., USA were examined by sampling along a series of 7 transects extending from oligotrophic, freshwater marshes through the ecotone and down to the northern edge of the fringing mangrove forests. Seven transects spanning the west-east extent of the southeast Everglades, from the Main Park Road in the west to the Model Lands in the east, were sampled once in the dry season (May) and once in the wet season (November) of 2014 and 2015. These data are published in "Mazzei and Gaiser. 2018. Diatoms as tools for inferring ecotone boundaries in a coastal freshwater wetland threatened by saltwater intrusion. Ecological Indicators. 88:190-204."
Environmental and periphyton composition data from Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands, Florida, USA, July 2022 - November 2022
Environmental and periphyton data were collected from transects in the Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands (BBCW) during the wet and dry seasons of 2022 to investigate the rate of carbonate sediment production by periphyton. Environmental data include surface water metrics (pH, salinity, conductivity, and water depth) and soil depths. Periphyton data include nutrient, production, and diatom species composition in samples collected from artificial substrates (periphytometers) placed in the field. Data collection for this project is complete, although the South Florida Management District continues to monitor these transects for a larger ongoing BBCW project.
Periphyton Abundance and Structural Traits, Diatom Taxa Relative Abundance, and Associated Environmental Data from Samples Collected from the Greater Everglades, Florida, USA from September 2005 - ongoing
This data package contains benthic algae (periphyton) and environmental data collected annually during the wet season between 2005 and 2021 from sites distributed throughout the greater Everglades ecosystem. This project is part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program's Monitoring and Assessment Plan (CERP MAP) intended to document baseline variability in periphyton attributes for assessing the effectiveness of restoration projects. A total of 200 primary sampling units (PSU) of 800 m x 800 m are nested in 32 landscape units (LSU) and each year, random coordinates are 'drawn' within each PSU and one draw is visited in each sampleable PSU. Sampled periphyton is processed for aggregate structural traits (i.e., biomass, chlorophyll-a, organic content, and phosphorus concentration) and for diatom taxa. For diatoms, slides are prepared, and at least 500 frustules are enumerated and identified to the lowest possible taxonomic resolution per slide. Taxon abundances are then relativized to the total count. These data accompany environmental and spatial data for each sampled draw. In addition to the CERP MAP data, this dataset also includes data on the same variables collected from up to 21 primary sampling units in the Broward County Water Preserve Area beginning in 2020. The data in this package replace and supersede those in package knb-lter-fce.1210 (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-fce&identifier=1210).
Leaf litter, soil, and periphyton gene expression along freshwater to marine gradients in Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, January 2021 and April 2021
We collected leaf litter, periphyton, and soil along freshwater to marine gradients at SRS-2, SRS-4, SRS-6, TS/PH-2, TS/Ph-3, TS/Ph-7a, and TS/Ph-10. Samples were collected in January and April of 2021 to understand how microbial communities respond to and influence the breakdown of organic matter along freshwater to marine transects. Data collection for this project is complete. For each site and litter pair we collected a subset of 2-3 g wet mass of litter, a grab sample of soil, and a grab sample of periphyton for each site. All subsamples were preserved at -20°C until extraction, which took place up to a year after initial collection. Samples were sent to Novogene (Novogene Co. Ltd., Beijing, China) for the total RNA extraction followed by metatranscriptome sequencing. We selected n = 12 genes/gene families encoding for focal enzymes to investigate which are important to the breakdown of organic matter: Dioxygenases (associated with aerobic respiration), Sulfatases (associated with the release of sulfates from complex molecules), sulfite reductases (associated with sulfite reduction), methyl coenzyme M reductase and formylmethanofuran (associated with methanogenesis), nitrite reductases (associated with nitrite reduction), cellobiosidase, glucosidase, and xylosidase (associated with cellulose breakdown), phenol oxidase (associated with lignin breakdown), acid phosphatase (associated with phosphate acquisition in acidic environments), and alkaline phosphatase (associated with phosphate acquisition in basic environments). For each gene/family of interest, we searched all annotated transcripts for all entries corresponding to that gene/family and combined all values for a total expression. We selected n = 6 monophyletic microbial functional groups, representing sulfate reducers, sulfate oxidizers, methane oxidizers, methanogens, nitrite oxidizers, and ammonia oxidizers associated with sulfate and methane cycling. We filtered all annotated transcripts for all specie
Fig. 6 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 6. Canonical analysis of principal coordinates (CAP) of invertebrates associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (gray circles), Macuco (black squares) and Pau Amarelo (white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Only taxa vectors with correlations>0.3 are included in the plot. T7, T15, T30, T45 and T60: sampling intervals (Bae: Baetidae; Calo, Calopterygidae; Chi, Chironominae; Elm.A, Elmidae adult; Elm.L, Elamidae larva; Emp, Empididae; Ger, Gerridae; Gom, Gomphidae; Hel, Helichopsychidae; Hydra, Hydracarina; Hyd.psy, Hydropsychidae; Hyd.ptil, Hydroptilidae; Lep.cer, Leptoceridae; Lep.hyp, Leptohyphidae; Lep.phl, Leptophlebiidae; Meg, Megapodagrionidae; Nau, Naucoridae; Odo, Odontoceridae; Oli, Oligochaeta; Ort, Orthocladiinae; Per, Perlidae; Philo, Philopotamidae; Poly, Polycentropodidae; Pse, Psephenidae; Psy, Psychodidae; Tany, Tanypodinae; Vel, Veliidae).
Fig. 3 in Do changes in riparian zones affect periphyton growth and invertebrate colonization on rocky substrates in Atlantic Forest streams?
Fig. 3. Values (mean ± SE) of invertebrate density associated with cobbles in Luxemburgo (thin solid line, gray circles), Macuco (thick solid line, black squares) and Pau Amarelo (dashed line, white diamonds) streams, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil.
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