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Fig. 6 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro

Fig. 6. Effects of 1 on iNOS, COX-2, and NF-κB protein expression in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. "Dexamethasone" represents the positive control group, and "Control" represents the blank control, which was not treated with LPS or the tested compounds. (A) Protein expression of iNOS, COX-2, P65 and P–P65 was determined by Western blotting. (B) Relative protein expression of P–P65 to P65 is shown as a histogram. (C) Protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 relative to the control is shown as a histogram. The experiment was repeated three times. Data are presented as the mean ± SD. *P <0.05 vs. the LPS group, **P <0.01 vs. the LPS group.

Fig. 3 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro

Fig. 3. NMR calculation results of two plausible stereoisomers of 1 at the B3LYP-D3 (BJ)/6-31G** level.

Fig. 5 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro

Fig. 5. Effects of different concentrations (10, 20, 40 μM)) of 1 on LPS-stimulated release of (A) TNF-α, (B) IL-6, and (C) IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells. The values represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments, and differences between the mean values were assessed by Student's t-test. ##P <0.01 vs. the control group, *P <0.05 vs. the LPS group, **P <0.01 vs. the LPS group.

Fig. 4 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro

Fig. 4. Effect of 1–6 (40 μM) on NO release in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Dexamethasone was used as a positive control in this experiment, and the concentration was 5 μM. The data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.

Fig. 5 in Ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone glycosides and a phenolic glycoside from Phlogacanthus pulcherrimus T. Anderson with cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive activities

Fig. 5. Experimental and calculated ECD spectra of compounds 1, 2, 5, 7, 8, and 9.

Fig. 3 in Ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone glycosides and a phenolic glycoside from Phlogacanthus pulcherrimus T. Anderson with cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive activities

Fig. 3. Key COSY (), HMBC (H C), and NOESY () correlations of compound 7.

Fig. 2 in Ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone glycosides and a phenolic glycoside from Phlogacanthus pulcherrimus T. Anderson with cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive activities

Fig. 2. Key COSY (), HMBC (H C), and NOESY () correlations of compound 1.

Fig. 4 in Ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone glycosides and a phenolic glycoside from Phlogacanthus pulcherrimus T. Anderson with cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive activities

Fig. 4. Key HMBC (H C), and NOESY () correlations of compound 8.

Fig. 1 in Ent-abietane diterpenoid lactone glycosides and a phenolic glycoside from Phlogacanthus pulcherrimus T. Anderson with cytotoxic and cancer chemopreventive activities

Fig. 1. Structures of compounds 1–20.

Fig. 2. Key 2D NMR correlations for 1–6 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro

Fig. 2. Key 2D NMR correlations for 1–6.

Fig. 1 in Undescribed ecdysteroids and phenolic glycosides from the roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and their anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro

Fig. 1. Chemical structures of 1–6.