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19 results for “plant demography”
Goodyera pubescens plant demography from 1999-2003 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Chattahoochee National Forest, and Whitehall Forest
H. Ron Pulliam (University of Georgia Emeritus) established 17 plant demography grids (each between 250 and 480 m2 in size) divided into 2 x 2 m cells in 1999 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (35.060037,-83.43044) in Macon County, N.C, Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham County (34.51271,-83.47465) and Whitehall Forest in Athens-Clarke County, GA (33.884774,-83.357527). Grids 1-6 located at Coweeta were 20 x 24 m; grids 7-10 located at Chattahoochee were 20 x 24 m, except grid 10 was 10 x 24; grids 11-17 located at Whitehall were 20 x 24 m, except grids 12 and 13 were 10 x 12 m, grid 16 was 20 x 20 m and grid 17 was 12 x 24. Individuals of six plant species occurring in each grid were flagged and monitored in for eight years, 1999-2006, along with soil moisture and temperature (presented in a separate data set). All grids were located in the understory shade environment of deciduous forests in mid- to mature stages of succession (60+ years of growth). Each plant was visited at least twice annually to assess survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity. Survival was based on the presence or absence of a plant as identified by its flagged identification number (per grid and individual). For absent plants, mortality was distinguished from dormancy by leaving flag markers in place and recording the subsequent return of an adult plant to the same location. Growth was based on leaf size. Reproduction was based on the presence of reproductive structures, flowers or fruit, and fecundity was based on the appearance of local seedlings. As dormancy is not uncommon in understory plants, flags were not removed due to the absence of a previously measured plant which allowed for the assessment of dormancy rates upon its potential return. The data contained herein are for Anemone americana (previously Hepatica nobilis), which only occurred in grid cells located at Whitehall.
Hepatica nobilis (Anenome americana) plant demography 1999-2006 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Chattahoochee National Forest, and Whitehall Forest
H. Ron Pulliam (University of Georgia Emeritus) established 17 plant demography grids (each between 250 and 480 m2 in size) divided into 2 x 2 m cells in 1999 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (35.060037,-83.43044) in Macon County, N.C, Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham County (34.51271,-83.47465) and Whitehall Forest in Athens-Clarke County, GA (33.884774,-83.357527). Grids 1-6 located at Coweeta were 20 x 24 m; grids 7-10 located at Chattahoochee were 20 x 24 m, except grid 10 was 10 x 24; grids 11-17 located at Whitehall were 20 x 24 m, except grids 12 and 13 were 10 x 12 m, grid 16 was 20 x 20 m and grid 17 was 12 x 24. Individuals of six plant species occurring in each grid were flagged and monitored in for eight years, 1999-2006, along with soil moisture and temperature (presented in a separate data set). All grids were located in the understory shade environment of deciduous forests in mid- to mature stages of succession (60+ years of growth). Each plant was visited at least twice annually to assess survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity. Survival was based on the presence or absence of a plant as identified by its flagged identification number (per grid and individual). For absent plants, mortality was distinguished from dormancy by leaving flag markers in place and recording the subsequent return of an adult plant to the same location. Growth was based on leaf size. Reproduction was based on the presence of reproductive structures, flowers or fruit, and fecundity was based on the appearance of local seedlings. As dormancy is not uncommon in understory plants, flags were not removed due to the absence of a previously measured plant which allowed for the assessment of dormancy rates upon its potential return. The data contained herein are for Anemone americana (previously Hepatica nobilis), which only occurred in grid cells located at Whitehall.
Hexastylis arifolia (Asarum canadensis) plant demography 1999-2006 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, Chattahoochee National Forest, and Whitehall Forest
H. Ron Pulliam (University of Georgia Emeritus) established 17 plant demography grids (each between 250 and 480 m2 in size) divided into 2 x 2 m cells in 1999 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (35.060037,-83.43044) in Macon County, N.C, Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham County (34.51271,-83.47465) and Whitehall Forest in Athens-Clarke County, GA (33.884774,-83.357527). Grids 1-6 located at Coweeta were 20 x 24 m; grids 7-10 located at Chattahoochee were 20 x 24 m, except grid 10 was 10 x 24; grids 11-17 located at Whitehall were 20 x 24 m, except grids 12 and 13 were 10 x 12 m, grid 16 was 20 x 20 m and grid 17 was 12 x 24. Individuals of six plant species occurring in each grid were flagged and monitored in for eight years, 1999-2006, along with soil moisture and temperature (presented in a separate data set). All grids were located in the understory shade environment of deciduous forests in mid- to mature stages of succession (60+ years of growth). Each plant was visited at least twice annually to assess survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity. Survival was based on the presence or absence of a plant as identified by its flagged identification number (per grid and individual). For absent plants, mortality was distinguished from dormancy by leaving flag markers in place and recording the subsequent return of an adult plant to the same location. Growth was based on leaf size. Reproduction was based on the presence of reproductive structures, flowers or fruit, and fecundity was based on the appearance of local seedlings. As dormancy is not uncommon in understory plants, flags were not removed due to the absence of a previously measured plant which allowed for the assessment of dormancy rates upon its potential return. The data contained herein are for Anemone americana (previously Hepatica nobilis), which only occurred in grid cells located at Whitehall.
Tipularia discolor plant demography 1999-2004
H. Ron Pulliam (University of Georgia Emeritus) established 17 plant demography grids (each between 250 and 480 m2 in size) divided into 2 x 2 m cells in 1999 at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory (35.060037,-83.43044) in Macon County, N.C, Chattahoochee National Forest in Habersham County (34.51271,-83.47465) and Whitehall Forest in Athens-Clarke County, GA (33.884774,-83.357527). Grids 1-6 located at Coweeta were 20 x 24 m; grids 7-10 located at Chattahoochee were 20 x 24 m, except grid 10 was 10 x 24; grids 11-17 located at Whitehall were 20 x 24 m, except grids 12 and 13 were 10 x 12 m, grid 16 was 20 x 20 m and grid 17 was 12 x 24. Individuals of six plant species occurring in each grid were flagged and monitored in for eight years, 1999-2006, along with soil moisture and temperature (presented in a separate data set). All grids were located in the understory shade environment of deciduous forests in mid- to mature stages of succession (60+ years of growth). Each plant was visited at least twice annually to assess survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity. Survival was based on the presence or absence of a plant as identified by its flagged identification number (per grid and individual). For absent plants, mortality was distinguished from dormancy by leaving flag markers in place and recording the subsequent return of an adult plant to the same location. Growth was based on leaf size. Reproduction was based on the presence of reproductive structures, flowers or fruit, and fecundity was based on the appearance of local seedlings. As dormancy is not uncommon in understory plants, flags were not removed due to the absence of a previously measured plant which allowed for the assessment of dormancy rates upon its potential return. The data contained herein are for Anemone americana (previously Hepatica nobilis), which only occurred in grid cells located at Whitehall.
Ocotillo Plant Demography Study at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, 2003
In order to better understand the life history of Ocotillo, a re-sampling of Ocotillo plants originally marked and studied in 1991 was done in the southeast corner of the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. All plants measured in 1991 were re-censused and re-tagged with new numbers. Measurements of plant height and branch number were repeated along with measurements pertaining to overall plant size.
Data from: Linking microenvironment modification to species interactions and demography in an alpine plant community
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The effects of age on the demography of a perennial plant depend on interactions with size and environment
<p>Age-dependence of the demographic rates survival, fecundity and individual growth is a fundamental aspect of population biological theory. Knowledge about plant ageing can also be important for conservation and agriculture as it will improve the accuracy of population viability assessments and long-term performance assessments in perennial crops. Recent studies show age effects on demographic rates for several plant species, yet much remains to be learned about the patterns and mechanisms of plant ageing, particularly about how age effects interact with the environment and with plant size.</p> <p>We collected age-and-size-based demographic data, as well as individual-based environmental data, for the perennial herb Plantago lanceolata in Denmark over three annual transitions (four years). We combined frequent field monitoring of carefully mapped individuals with the underused technique of root histology to determine age of herbaceous plants. We used generalized linear mixed effects models to assess how age, soil properties, and year influenced survival, growth, and reproduction.</p> <p>Our results show no strong evidence of consistent age declines, rather, we found mostly positive effects of age on vital rates. For all vital rates, i.e. survival, growth, flowering, and reproductive output, age effects also differed significantly among years. Additionally, we detected an interactive effect of age and size in the growth model. Size, and temporal and spatial environmental variation also affected vital rates independently of age.</p> <p>Synthesis: Our study shows that age-dependence of demographic rates can depend both on individual size and environmental variation. These results suggest that a consideration of potential age-interactions may improve the accuracy of comparative studies of ageing and population projections. Moreover, this study shows that much is still unknown about how plant ageing can be affected by the environment, and illustrates how age determination using herb chronology provides an opportunity to increase our knowledge about ageing in herbaceous plants.</p>
Data from: Time-lagged effects of weather on plant demography: drought and Astragalus scaphoides
Temperature and precipitation determine the conditions where plant species can occur. Despite their significance, to date, surprisingly few demographic field studies have considered the effects of abiotic drivers. This is problematic because anticipating the effect of global climate change on plant population viability requires understanding how weather variables affect population dynamics. One possible reason for omitting the effect of weather variables in demographic studies is the difficulty in detecting tight associations between vital rates and environmental drivers. In this paper, we applied Functional Linear Models (FLMs) to long-term demographic data of the perennial wildflower, Astragalus scaphoides, and explored sensitivity of the results to reduced amounts of data. We compared models of the effect of average temperature, total precipitation, or an integrated measure of drought intensity (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI), on plant vital rates. We found that transitions to flowering and recruitment in year t were highest if winter/spring of year t was wet (positive effect of SPEI). Counterintuitively, if the preceding spring of year t-1 was wet, flowering probabilities were decreased (negative effect of SPEI). Survival of vegetative plants from t-1 to t was also negatively affected by wet weather in the spring of year t-1, and for large plants, even wet weather in the spring of t-2 had a negative effect. We assessed the integrated effect of all vital rates on life history performance by fitting FLMs to the asymptotic growth rate, log(λt). Log(λt) was highest if dry conditions in year t-1 were followed by wet conditions in the year t. Overall, the positive effects of wet years exceeded their negative effects, suggesting that increasing frequency of drought conditions would reduce population viability of A. scaphoides. The drought signal weakened when reducing the number of monitoring years. Substituting space for time did not recover the weather signal, probably because the weather variables varied little between sites. We detected the SPEI signal when the analysis included data from two sites monitored over 20 years (2x20 observations), but not when analyzing data from four sites monitored over 10 years (4x10 observations).
Data from: Effects of the soil microbiome on the demography of two annual prairie plants
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The effects of age on the demography of a perennial plant depend on interactions with size and environment
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Data from: Time-lagged effects of weather on plant demography: drought and Astragalus scaphoides
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Data from: Effect of mutualist partner identity on plant demography
Mutualisms play a central role in the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Because many mutualisms have strong demographic effects, interspecific variation in partner quality could have important consequences for population dynamics. Nevertheless, few studies have quantified how a mutualist partner influences population growth rates, and still fewer have compared the demographic impacts of multiple partner species. We used integral projection models parameterized with three years of census data to compare the demographic effects of two ant species - Crematogaster laevis and Pheidole minutula - on populations of the Amazonian ant-plant Maieta guianensis. Estimated population growth rates were positive (i.e., λ>1) for all ant-plant combinations. However, populations with only Pheidole minutula had the highest asymptotic growth rate (λ=1.23), followed by those colonized by Crematogaster laevis (λ=1.16), and in which the partner ant alternated between C. laevis and P. minutula at least once during our study (λ=1.15). Our results indicate that the short-term superiority of a mutualist partner - in this system P. minutula is a better defender of plants against herbivores than C. laevis - can have long-term demographic consequences. Furthermore, the demographic effects of switching among alternative partners appear to be context-dependent, with no benefits to plants hosting C. laevis but a major cost of switching to plants hosting P. minutula. Our results underscore the importance of expanding the study of mutualisms beyond the study of pair-wise interactions to consider the demographic costs and benefits of interacting with different, and multiple, potential partners.
Weather driven demography and population dynamics of an endemic perennial plant during a 34-year period
<p>1. Increased anthropogenic influence on the environment has accentuated the need to assess how climate and other environmental factors drive vital rates and population dynamics of different types of organisms. However, to allow distinction between effects of multiple correlated variables, and to capture the effects of rare and extreme climatic conditions, studies extending over decades are often necessary.</p> <p>2. In this study we used an individual-based dataset collected in three populations of <i>Pulsatilla vulgaris</i> subsp. <i>gotlandica</i> during 34 years, to explore the effects of variation in precipitation and temperature on vital rates and population dynamics.</p> <p>3. Most of the observed conspicuous variation in flowering among years was associated with differences in precipitation and temperature in the previous summer and autumn with a higher incidence of flowering following summers with high precipitation and low temperatures. In contrast, climatic variables had no significant effects on individual growth or survival.</p> <p>4. Although the weather-driven variation in flowering had only moderate absolute effects on the population growth rate, simulated persistent changes in average precipitation and temperature resulted in considerable reductions in population sizes compared with current conditions. Analyses carried out with with subsets of data consisting of 5 and 10 years yielded results that strongly deviated from those based on the full data set.</p> <p>5. Synthesis: The results of this study illustrate the importance of long-term demographic monitoring to identify key climatic variables affecting vital rates and driving population dynamics in long-lived organisms.</p>
Data from: Drivers of plant species’ potential to spread: the importance of demography versus seed dispersal
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Data from: Reproductive strategies and isolation-by-demography in a marine clonal plant along an eutrophication gradient
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Data from: Effect of mutualist partner identity on plant demography
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Weather driven demography and population dynamics of an endemic perennial plant during a 34-year period
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Data from: Prioritizing management actions for invasive populations using cost, efficacy, demography, and expert opinion for 14 plant species worldwide
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Data from: Population structure and historical demography of Dipteronia dyeriana (Sapindaceae), an extremely narrow palaeoendemic plant from China: implications for conservation in a biodiversity hot spot
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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