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12 results for “plant nitrogen concentration”
Carbon and nitrogen isotopes and concentrations in terrestrial plants from a six-year (2006-2012) fertilization experiment at the Arctic LTER, Toolik Field Station, Alaska.
The data set describes stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes and carbon and nitrogen concentrations from an August 2012 pluck of a fertilization experiment begun in 2006. Fertilization was with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Fertilization levels included control, F2, F5, and F10, with F2 corresponding to yearly additions of 2 g/m2 N and 1 g/m2 P, F5 corresponding to yearly additions of 5 g/m2 N and 2.5 g/m2 P, and F10 corresponding to yearly additions of 10 g/m2 N and 5 g/m2 P. After harvest, plants were separated by species and then by tissue. Tissues were then dried, ground and analyzed for stable isotopes and concentrations at the University of New Hampshire stable isotope laboratory.
Plant and root biomass, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus concentrations in a mesic acidic tussock tundra experimental site established in 1981(MAT81) and harvested in 2015, Arctic LTER, Toolik Lake, Alaska.
Plant and root biomass, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus were measured in 2015 in the Arctic LTER tussock tundra experimental site (MAT81). This site was established in 1981 and has been harvested in previous years (see Shaver and Chapin Ecological Monographs, 61(1), 1991, pp.1-31, https://doi.org/10.2307/1942997). Data tables include the biomass for each harvested quadrat and block summaries for percent carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus for control and fertilized plots from the original 4-block design. New control plots, established in 2015, are in a separate data table and include biomass, percent carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus for each quadrat.
Isotopic evidence for increased carbon and nitrogen exchanges between peatland plants and their symbiotic microbes with rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations since 15000 cal. yr BP
<p>Whether nitrogen (N) availability will limit plant growth and removal of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> this century is controversial. Studies have suggested that N could progressively limit plant growth, as trees and soils accumulate N in slowly cycling biomass pools in response to increases in carbon sequestration. However, a question remains over the longer-term (decadal to century) feedbacks between climate, CO<sub>2</sub> and plant N uptake. The symbiosis between plants and microbes can help plants with mycorrhizal N uptake or biological N2 fixation – the pathway through which N can be rapidly brought into ecosystems and thereby partially or completely alleviate N limitation on plant productivity. Here we present results for plant N isotope composition (δ<sup>15</sup>N) in a peat core that dates to 15000 cal. yr BP to ascertain ecosystem-level N cycling responses to rising atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations in the past. We found that an increase in atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration happened with a decrease in δ<sup>15</sup>N values of both <em>Sphagnum</em> moss and Ericaceae over this time period when constrained for climatic factors. A modern experiment demonstrated that δ<sup>15</sup>N of <em>Sphagnum</em> mosses decreased with increasing N2 fixation rates. These findings suggested that N2 fixation in <em>Sphagnum</em> moss by symbiosis with cyanobacteria and N uptake in Ericaceae by symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi both likely increased with rising atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations, highlighting a longer-term feedback mechanism whereby N constraints on terrestrial carbon storage can be overcome. </p>
Isotopic evidence for increased carbon and nitrogen exchanges between peatland plants and their symbiotic microbes with rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations since 15000 cal. yr BP
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Figure S1: Nutrient concentration of lettuce (Lactuca sativa 'Rex') plants grown at different total incident light levels in deep water culture hydroponics. Lines show multiple regression analysis results, indicating no significant interactions. Each data point represents one plant. N = nitrogen, P = phosphorus, K = potassium, Ca = calcium, Mg = magnesium, S = sulfur, B = boron, Cu = copper, Fe = iron, Mn = manganese, and Zn = zinc.
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Data from: Nitrogen availability and plant-plant interactions drive leaf silicon concentration in wheat genotypes
<p><span>Estimating plasticity of leaf silicon (Si) in response to abiotic and biotic factors underpins our comprehension of plant defences and stress resistance in natural and agroecosystems. However, how nitrogen (N) addition and intraspecific plant-plant interactions affect Si accumulation remains unclear. </span></p> <p><span>We grew 19 durum wheat genotypes (<em>Triticum turgidum</em> ssp. durum) in pots, either alone, or in intra- or intergenotypic cultures of two individuals, and with or without N. </span><span>Aboveground biomass, plant height and leaf [Si] were quantified at the beginning of the flowering stage.</span></p> <p><span>Nitrogen addition</span> <span>decreased leaf</span> <span>[Si] for most genotypes, proportionally to the biomass increase. Si plasticity to plant-plant interactions varied significantly among genotypes, with both increases and decreases in </span><span>leaf</span> <span>[Si] when mixed with a neighbour, regardless of the mixture type (intra-/intergenotype). Besides, increased leaf [Si] in response to plant-plant interactions was associated with increased plant height.</span></p> <p><span>Our results suggest the occurrence of </span><span>both facilitation and competition for Si uptake from the rhizosphere in wheat mixtures. Future research should identify which leaf and root traits characterize facilitating neighbours for Si acquisition. We also show that Si could be involved in height gain in response to intraspecific competition, possibly for increasing light capture. This important finding opens up new research directions on Si and plant-plant interactions in both natural ecosystems and agroecosystems. More generally,</span> <span>o</span><span>ur results stress the need to explore leaf Si plasticity in responses to both abiotic and biotic factors to understand plant stress resistance.</span></p>
Plasticity of plant silicon and nitrogen concentrations in response to water regimes varies across temperate grassland species
<p>Temperate grasslands exhibit strong spatial and temporal variation in water regimes. Thus, grassland plants experience potentially stressful water regimes, which may influence their tissue silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) concentrations. Plant Si and N concentrations play important ecological roles in temperate grasslands, e.g. by influencing plant performance and herbivory, yet comparisons of species' responses to a broad range of water regimes, including drought, waterlogging, and flooding, are lacking.</p> <p>We conducted a mesocosm experiment with ten temperate grassland species of two life forms (grasses and forbs) exposed to four different soil water regimes (drought, benign control, waterlogged and flooded conditions), and analysed their Si and N concentrations.</p> <p>Grasses showed lower Si concentrations under drought and flooding compared to the benign control and the highest concentrations emerged under waterlogging. Overall, plant Si responses of grasses were more uniform, while in forbs, responses varied both in direction and magnitude across species. For N concentrations, all species and life forms showed the highest concentrations under drought compared to the benign control, while half of the species exhibited decreasing concentrations under waterlogging and/or flooding. The water regimes, especially waterlogging and flooding, induced changes in species rankings of plant Si and N concentrations, with stronger shifts in forbs than in grasses.</p> <p>Our results indicate that spatial and temporal variation of water regimes may influence plant Si and N concentrations in temperate grassland species. Plant Si responses to water regimes might be highly species-specific in forbs but more similar in grasses, whereas plant N responses are likely to be relatively uniform across species and life forms.</p> <p>The strong plasticity in plant Si and N concentrations we observed might have pervasive consequences for ecological processes, such as herbivory.</p>
Plasticity of plant silicon and nitrogen concentrations in response to water regimes varies across temperate grassland species
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Data from: Nitrogen availability and plant-plant interactions drive leaf silicon concentration in wheat genotypes
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Data from: Stream nitrogen concentration, but not plant N-fixing capacity, modulates litter diversity effects on decomposition
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Data from: Fine root tradeoffs between nitrogen concentration and xylem vessel traits preclude unified whole-plant resource strategies in Helianthus
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Nitrogen addition increases aboveground silicon and phytolith concentrations in understory plants of a tropical forest
<p><strong><i>Purpose</i></strong>: Silicon (Si) is a beneficial element for plants and plays important roles in the biogeochemical cycle of mineral elements. Yet, few studies have focused on the impact of nitrogen (N) deposition on plant Si uptake and the Si biocycle.</p> <p><strong><i>Methods</i></strong>:<strong> </strong>We designed an experiment dealing with canopy and understory N addition in a tropical forest to comprehensively assess the response of Si cycle to N addition focusing on understory plants and topsoil. After six years of treatment, we compared the effects of different treatments on the concentrations of Si-related variables in the leaves of dominant understory species, and topsoil. The foliar elemental stoichiometry, plant water-use efficiency, and soil properties were also assessed to explore potential mechanisms underpinning an N-regulated biological feedback loop of Si.</p> <p><strong><i>Results</i></strong>: The concentrations of SiO<sub>2</sub> and phytolith in the leaves of the understory plants increased under N addition, while those of phytolith and plant-available Si in the topsoil were not altered. The significant accumulation of Si in the leaves and the unaltered plant-available Si concentrations in the soil were associated with enhanced plant Si uptake and decreased soil phytolith return due to increased phosphorus (P) limitation, soil acidification, and decreased leaf C:N ratios caused by N addition.</p> <p><strong><i>Conclusion</i></strong>: Our findings suggest that N addition affected plant phytolith production and its coupling with the Si biocycle in the forest which may stimulate plant Si accumulation and decrease soil Si return. Nitrogen enrichment will alter the biological Si cycle in forest ecosystems at regional and global scales.</p>
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