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233 results for “plant resistance”
Silica Nanoparticles Enhance Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis Plants - RAW DATA
<p>These datasets are used to produce the figures/graphs published in our article</p> <p><strong>Silica Nanoparticles Enhance Disease Resistance in <em>Arabidopsis</em> Plants</strong></p> <p>in <em>Nat. Nanotechnol.</em> (2020). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-00812-0">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-00812-0</a></p> <p> </p><p><strong>Correspondence: </strong></p> <p></p> <p>fabienne.schwab@alumni.ethz.ch, Tel: +41 78 736 00 19;</p> <p>m.shetehy@uky.edu, Tel. +41 76 455 56 02</p> <p>Further raw data related to qPCR and microbiology are available upon reasonable request from M.H. El‑Shetehy.</p> <p>Further raw data related to the nanoparticles and plant microscopy are available upon reasonable request by F. Schwab.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>In plants, pathogen attack can induce an immune response known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR) that protects against a broad spectrum of pathogens. In the search for safer agrochemicals, silica nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub>‑NPs, food additive E551) have recently been proposed as a new tool. However, initial results are controversial, and the molecular mechanisms of SiO<sub>2</sub>‑NP-induced disease resistance are unknown. Here, we show that SiO<sub>2</sub>‑NPs, as well as soluble orthosilicic acid (Si(OH)<sub>4</sub>), can induce SAR in a dose-dependent manner, that involves the defence hormone salicylic acid. Nanoparticle uptake and action occurred exclusively through stomata (leaf pores facilitating gas exchange) and involved extracellular adsorption in leaf air spaces of the spongy mesophyll. In contrast to treatment with SiO<sub>2</sub>‑NPs, induction of SAR by Si(OH)<sub>4 </sub>was problematic, since high concentrations caused stress. We conclude that SiO<sub>2</sub>‑NPs have the potential to serve as an inexpensive, highly efficient, safe, and sustainable alternative for plant disease protection.</p>
ESM01 Fire and grazing modulate the structure and resistance of plant-floral visitor networks in a tallgrass prairie
Data from the study: Welti, E.A.R. and Joern, A. 2017. Fire and Grazing modulate the structure and resistance of plant-floral visitor networks in a tallgrass prairie. Oecologia 186: 447-458. EMS011 dataset contains counts of blooming inflorescences of plant species on 12 Konza watersheds in June-July of 2014; ESM012 dataset contains associations between flower-visiting insects and insect-pollinated flowering plants on 12 Konza watersheds collected in May-July of 2014; ESM013 dataset describes insects belonging to the orders of Coleoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera collected in pantrap transects on 12 Konza watersheds collected in June - July of 2014.
Resource use strategies, resistance and tolerance to aerial biomass removal in Argentina mid-west native plants
<p>Dataset of the PhD Thesis from Lucas D. Gorné:<br> - Gorné LD. 2018. Estrategias de uso de recursos, resistencia y tolerancia a la remoción de biomasa aérea en plantas nativas del centro-oeste de Argentina. Tesis del Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Córdoba, Argentina. https://ri.conicet.gov.ar/handle/11336/87925.</p>
Plant community richness and foliar fungicides impact soil Streptomyces inhibition, resistance, and resource use phenotypes
Data associated with "Plant community richness and foliar fungicides impact soil Streptomyces inhibition, resistance, and resource use phenotypes" (DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1452534). These data include soil resource measurements and various phenotypic measurements of associated Streptomyces isolates/populations. Specifically, these data note population level inhibition phenotypes according to Herr's Assays, isolate level antibiotic resistance phenotypes against 9 standard antibiotics, and isolate level resource use phenotypes quantified with Biolog SF-P2 96 well plates.
Phage selection drives resistance-virulence trade-offs in Ralstonia solanacearum plant pathogenic bacterium irrespective of the growth temperature
<p><span>While temperature has been shown to affect the survival and growth of bacteria and their phage parasites, it is unclear if trade-offs between phage resistance and other bacterial traits depend on the temperature. Here, we experimentally compared the evolution of phage resistance-virulence trade-offs and underlying molecular mechanisms in phytopathogenic <em>Ralstonia</em> <em>solanacearum</em> bacterium at 25 °C and 35 °C temperature environments. We found that experimental growth conditions selected for small colony variants (SCVs) with increased growth rate and mutations in the quorum-sensing (QS) signalling receptor gene, <em>phcS</em>. Interestingly, SCVs were also phage-resistant and reached higher frequencies in the presence of phages in both temperature environments. Evolving phage resistance was costly in terms of reduced carrying capacity, biofilm formation and reduced virulence i<em>n planta</em> possibly due to loss of QS-mediated expression of key virulence genes. We also observed mucoid phage-resistant colonies that showed loss of virulence and reduced twitching motility likely due to parallel mutations in prepilin peptidase gene pilD. Moreover, phage-resistant SCVs from 35 °C-phage treatment had parallel mutations in genes encoding type II secretion system (T2SS) genes (<em>gspE</em> and <em>gspF</em>), indicating that defects in pseudopilus made bacterium resistant to the phage. Additional transcriptomic analysis revealed upregulation of CBASS and type Ⅰ restriction-modification phage defence systems in response to phage exposure, which coincided with reduced expression of motility and virulence-associated genes, including <em>pilD</em> and type II and III secretion systems. Together, these results suggest that phage resistance-virulence trade-offs are not affected by the growth temperature but can be mediated through both pre- and post-infection phage resistance mechanisms.</span></p>
Data for: Microbe-induced plant resistance alters aphid inter-genotypic competition leading to rapid evolution with consequences for plant growth and aphid abundance
<p>Plants and insect herbivores are two of the most diverse multicellular groups in the world, and both are strongly influenced by interactions with the belowground soil microbiome. Effects of reciprocal rapid evolution on ecological interactions between herbivores and plants have been repeatedly demonstrated, but it is unknown if (and how) the soil microbiome could mediate these eco-evolutionary processes on a shared host plant. We tested the role of a plant-beneficial soil bacterium (<em>Acidovorax radicis</em>) in altering eco-evolutionary interactions between different aphid genotypes (Sitobion avenae; genotypes Sickte and Fescue) feeding on barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare</em>). We measured fecundity, longevity and population growth of two aphid genotypes reared separately or together (population mixture) on three different barley varieties that were inoculated with or without <em>A. radicis</em>. Results showed that across all plant varieties <em>A. radicis</em> increased plant growth and suppressed aphid populations via reduced longevity and fecundity. The strength of effect was dependent on aphid genotype and barley variety, while the direction of effect was altered by aphid population mixture. Using Lotka-Volterra modelling, we demonstrated that while <em>A. radicis</em> inoculation decreased growth rates for both aphid genotypes it increased the competitiveness of one genotype against the other. In general, in the presence of <em>A. radicis</em>, the Fescue aphid genotype became more inhibitory of Sickte aphids, while Sickte aphids facilitated the growth of Fescue aphids. Our work demonstrates that plant rhizosphere microbiomes exert community-level influences by mediating eco-evolutionary interactions between herbivores and host plants. By altering competitive interaction outcomes among aphids and thus impacting processes such as rapid evolution, soil microbes contribute to the short- and long-term structure and functioning of terrestrial habitats.</p>
Can disease resistance evolve independently at different ages? Genetic variation in age-dependent resistance to disease in three wild plant species
<p>1. Juveniles are typically less resistant (more susceptible) to infectious disease than adults, and this difference in susceptibility can help fuel the spread of pathogens in age-structured populations. However evolutionary explanations for this variation in resistance across age remain to be tested.</p> <p>2. One hypothesis is that natural selection has optimized resistance to peak at ages where disease exposure is greatest. A central assumption of this hypothesis is that hosts have the capacity to evolve resistance independently at different ages. This would mean that hosts populations have a) standing genetic variation in resistance at both juvenile and adult stages, and b) that this variation is not strongly correlated between age-classes so that selection acting at one age does not produce a correlated response at the other age</p> <p>3. Here we evaluated the capacity of three wild plant species (Silene latifolia, S. vulgaris, and Dianthus pavonius) to evolve resistance to their anther-smut pathogens (Microbotryum fungi), independently at different ages. The pathogen is pollinator-transmitted, and thus exposure risk is considered to be highest at the adult flowering stage.</p> <p>4. Within each species we grew families to different ages, inoculated individuals with anther smut, and evaluated the effects of age, family and their interaction on infection.</p> <p>5. In two of the plant species, S. latifolia and D. pavonius, resistance to smut at the juvenile stage was not correlated with resistance to smut at the adult stage. In all three species, we show there are significant age*family interaction effects, indicating that age-specificity of resistance varies among the plant families.</p> <p>6. Synthesis: These results indicate that different mechanisms likely underlie resistance at juvenile and adult stages and support the hypothesis that resistance can evolve independently in response to differing selection pressures as hosts age. Taken together our results provide new insight into the structure of genetic variation in age-dependent resistance in three well-studied wild host-pathogen systems.</p>
Рис. 7. 3D–диаграммы пространственного распределениЯ обилиЯ моллюска B. cylindrica (А), фитомассы (В), проективного покрытиЯ (С), твердости грунта на глубине 5–10 см (D) на участке № 1 в 2010 г. (единицы иЗмерениЯ осей Х и Y даны в метрах). Fig. 7. 3D–diagrams of the abundance spatial distribution of the snail B. cylindrica (A), phytomass (B), plants projective cover (C), 0–10 cm layer soil penetration resistance (D) at the site 1 in 2010. (axes X and Y presented in meters). in Analysis of the spatial distribution patterns of the land snail populations: a geostatistic method approach
Рис. 7. 3D–диаграммы пространственного распределениЯ обилиЯ моллюска B. cylindrica (А), фитомассы (В), проективного покрытиЯ (С), твердости грунта на глубине 5–10 см (D) на участке № 1 в 2010 г. (единицы иЗмерениЯ осей Х и Y даны в метрах). Fig. 7. 3D–diagrams of the abundance spatial distribution of the snail B. cylindrica (A), phytomass (B), plants projective cover (C), 0–10 cm layer soil penetration resistance (D) at the site 1 in 2010. (axes X and Y presented in meters).
Figure 3 in Metagenomic study of the communities of bacterial endophytes in the desert plant Senna Italica and their role in abiotic stress resistance in the plant
Figure 3. Alfa rarefaction curve observed based on observed species (OTUs) value. The curve has shown flatter to the right, which indicates the comparatively high species richness of the senna italica samples. Roots samples: Roots.1, Roots.2, and Roots.3. Leaves samples: Leaves.1, Leaves.2, and Leaves.3 are associated with Senna italica.
Figure 1 in Metagenomic study of the communities of bacterial endophytes in the desert plant Senna Italica and their role in abiotic stress resistance in the plant
Figure 1. (A) Results of clustering: Assembling a group of organisms (The organisms in the same group are similar). (B) The number of OTUs generated for each sample. The Root.1 sample had the most OTUs of 24, while the Leave.1 sample had the fewest of 13. Roots samples: Roots.1, Roots.2, and Roots.3. Leaves samples: Leaves.1, Leaves.2, and Leaves.3 are associated with Senna italica.
Figure 6. A in Metagenomic study of the communities of bacterial endophytes in the desert plant Senna Italica and their role in abiotic stress resistance in the plant
Figure 6. A. The phylum level in Bacteria (bar chart), the bacterial composition of the different samples was similar, while the distribution of each phylum varied in all samples. Based on the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA region. Bacterial communities at the phylum classification among the samples (pie chart), as a percentage of the total bacteria isolated from roots and leaves endophyte region. Based on the full-length 16S rRNA sequences. (B) The number of Actinobacteria among the samples. (C) The number of Proteobacteria among the samples. (D) The number of unclassified phyla among the samples. (E) The number of Firmicutes phyla among the samples. (F) The number of Cyanobacteria/Chloroplast among the samples. Roots samples: Roots.1, Roots.2, and Roots.3. Leaves samples: Leaves.1, Leaves.2, and Leaves.3 are associated with Senna italica.
Figure 5 in Metagenomic study of the communities of bacterial endophytes in the desert plant Senna Italica and their role in abiotic stress resistance in the plant
Figure 5. Phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences representing the diversity of endophytic bacterial communities associated with the leaves and roots from the desert medicinal plant Senna italica "at the Phylum level". The tree was constructed using the "one-click" mode in Phylogeny.fr.(Dereeper et al., 2008).
Figure 9 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus
Figure 9. ELISA plate readings (O.D at 405nm) of leaf samples of transgenic lines (T1-T8) and control plants after 15 dpi.
Figure 7 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus
Figure 7. PCR Products of the hpt gene from T0 transgenic plants. Lane 1-9 are transgenic. Lane 10, +ve control. Lane 11, control (untransformed) plant.
Figure 6. DNA bands from T0 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus
Figure 6. DNA bands from T0 transgenic and Agro-infilterated plants. Lane 1-10, transgenic plants. Lane 11-13, agro-infilterated plants.
Figure 3 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus
Figure 3. Symptoms development on propagative host plants after mechanical inoculation with ChiVMV isolate ATIPK. (a) N. tabacum showing mosaic, mottling and vein clearing (b) C. annum (cv. Loungi) displays the symptoms of mottling, mosaic, leaf deformation and vein clearing.
Figure 2 in Evaluation of the Chilli veinal mottle virus CP gene expressing transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants for disease resistance against the virus
Figure 2. Symptoms of ChiVMV on chilli leaves collected from Islamabad. (a) Shows mottling and severe vein clearing and distortion. (b) Shows reduced leaf size with mottling and distortion.
Fig. 2 in Host plant resistance in cultivated jute and its wild relatives towards jute hairy caterpillar Spilosoma obliqua (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)
Fig. 2. Mean number of egg clusters (A) and eggs per cluster (B) laid by Spilosoma obliqua females on 6 jute species in no-choice tests.
Fig. 1 in Host plant resistance in cultivated jute and its wild relatives towards jute hairy caterpillar Spilosoma obliqua (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae)
Fig. 1. Effect of cultivated and wild jute species on Spilosoma obliqua larvae settlement (%) (A) and leaf area consumed (cm2) (B) afer 24 h in multiplechoice tests.
MADFORWATER: WP3: Adaptation of technologies for efficient water management and treated wastewater reuse in agriculture: Task3.1: Reduction of crop water requirement and tools for irrigation management with treated WW: Subtask 3.1.1: Plant Growth Promotion (PGP) bacteria to enhance crop resistance to water stress and salinity: Subset1
<p>This dataset contains the data underlying the following publication: Mouna Mahjoubi, Simone Cappello, Yasmine Souissi, Atef Jaouani and Ameur Cherif (February 7th 2018). Microbial Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon– Contaminated Marine Environments, Recent Insights in Petroleum Science and Engineering Mansoor Zoveidavianpoor, IntechOpen, DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.72207</p> <p> </p>
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