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27 results for “plant-soil interaction”
warmXtrophic plant-soil interaction greenhouse experiment, Kellogg Biological Station, Hickory Corners, MI, 2021
Climate warming influences plant communities through both direct effects, such as changes in temperature, and indirect pathways mediated by changes in soil microbial communities. These microbe-mediated indirect effects may alter plant traits and ecosystem dynamics in ways that are often overlooked in studies focused solely on the direct impacts of warming. To test these microbe-mediated indirect effects, we used field-conditioned soil from a 7-year (2015-2021) warming experiment (warmXtrophic) in an early successional plant community in Hickory Corners, Michigan, USA at Michigan State University's Kellogg Biological Station Long-Term Ecological Research site. In a greenhouse during 2021, we assessed how warmed versus ambient soil inocula influenced plant growth and traits of two species: Trifolium pratense (red clover) and Phleum pratense (Timothy grass). We measured above, below, and total biomass, height, number of leaves, timing of germination, leaf % carbon and nitrogen, C:N ratio, specific leaf area (SLA), and greenness (a proxy for chlorophyll content). We also measured the timing of emergence of the cotyledon and first leaf for Trifolium pratense.
Sediment and nutrient deposition and plant-soil phosphorus interactions associated with Hurricane Irma (2017) in mangroves of the Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE LTER), Florida
We quantified how Hurricane Irma influenced soil nutrient pools, vertical accretion, and plant phosphorus (P) uptake after its passage across the Florida Coastal Everglades in September 2017. Mangrove leaf litter data from three years (2008, 2014, 2018) were selected for each site at Shark River estuary to identify species-specific foliar P responses post-Wilma’s impact in 2005 and immediate post-Irma’s impact in 2017. We also monitored porewater SRP concentrations in the Shark River mangrove sites to evaluate the effect of Hurricane Irma on soil chemistry. The data in this data package were used in the following paper: Castañeda-Moya, E., V.H. Rivera-Monroy, R.M. Chambers, X. Zhao, L. Lamb-Wotton, A. Gorsky, E.E. Gaiser, T.G. Troxler, J.S. Kominoski, and M. Hiatt. 2020. Hurricanes fertilize mangrove forests in the Gulf of Mexico (Florida Everglades, USA). PNAS. In Press.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: I - Percent Cover Data 2013
This dataset examines shifts in plant community structure along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest. Percent cover data was collected for subcanopy vascular and nonvascualr vegetation in July 2013.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: II - Nitrogen Data 2013
This dataset examines shifts in extractable soil pore water chemistry along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest. Measured parameters include: dissolved inorganic N (DIN), dissolved organic N (DON), free amino acids, total dissolved N (TDN), soil temp. at 10 cm, seasonal ice depth, and volumetric soil moisture at 10 cm. Soil pore water samples and environmental variables were collected every three to four weeks from late June to late September, 2013 for a total of five sampling events.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: III - Root Abundance 2013
This dataset examines shifts in rooting along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: IV - Plant vs Nitrogen Data 2013
This dataset examines shifts in soil and plant characteristics, and extractable soil pore water chemistry along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest. Data includes mean DIN, DON, free amino acids, and TDN from seasonal pore water measurements as well as aboveground vegetation C and N concentrations, and summertime, litterfall % N, and resorption efficiency for C. calyculata.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: V - Isotape Data 2013
This dataset examines shifts in foliar del N 15 concentations for three plant species found across a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest.
Effects of permafrost thaw on nitrogen availability and plant-soil interactions in a boreal Alaskan lowland: VI - Soil Nitrogen Pools
This dataset examines shifts in soil N and extractable soil pore water chemistry along a lowland boreal permafrost thaw chronosequence. Data was collected in 2013 at the APEX Beta and forested study plots, located adjacent to the BNZ experimental forest. Measured parameters include: dissolved inorganic N, dissolved organic N, free amino acids, total dissolved N, C:N of soil material, soil bulk density, soil N concentration, soil C concentrations, volumetric soil moisture. Soil pore water samples were collected every three to four weeks from late June to late September, 2013 for a total of five sampling events, while soil cores were collected in late July 2013 for physical characterstics and soil C and N concentrations.
Time dependent interaction modification generated from plant-soil feedback
<p>Pairwise interactions between species can be modified by other community members, leading to emergent dynamics contingent on community composition. Despite the prevalence of such higher-order interactions, little is known about how they are linked to the timing and order of species' arrival. We generate population dynamics from a mechanistic plant-soil feedback model, then apply a general theoretical framework to show that the modification of a pairwise interaction by a third plant depends on its germination phenology. These time-dependent interaction modifications emerge from concurrent changes in plant and microbe populations and are strengthened by higher overlap between plants' associated microbiomes. The interaction between this overlap and the specificity of microbiomes further determines plant coexistence. Our framework is widely applicable to mechanisms in other systems from which similar time-dependent interaction modifications can emerge, highlighting the need to integrate temporal shifts of species interactions to predict the emergent dynamics of natural communities.</p>
Time dependent interaction modification generated from plant-soil feedback
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Data from: Plant-soil interactions during the native and exotic range expansion of an annual plant
<p>Range expansions, whether they are biological invasions or climate change-mediated range shifts, may have profound ecological and evolutionary consequences for plant-soil interactions. Range-expanding plants encounter soil biota with which they have a limited coevolutionary history, especially when introduced to a new continent. Past studies have found mixed results on whether plants experience positive or negative soil feedback interactions in their novel range, and these effects often change over time. One important theoretical explanation is that plants locally adapt to the soil pathogens and mutualists in their novel range. We tested this hypothesis in <em>Dittrichia graveolens</em>, an annual plant that is both expanding its European native range, initially coinciding with climate warming, and rapidly invading California, after human introduction. In parallel greenhouse experiments on both continents, we used plant genotypes and soils from five locations at the core and edge of each range to compare plant growth in soil from <em>D. graveolens </em>populations and nearby control microsites as a measure of plant-soil feedback. Plant-soil interactions were highly idiosyncratic across sites in each range. On average, plant-soil feedbacks were more positive in the native range than in the exotic range. In line with the strongly heterogeneous pattern of soil responses along our biogeographic gradients, we found no evidence for evolutionary differentiation between plant genotypes from the core to the edge of either range. Our results suggest that the evolution of plant-soil interactions during range expansion may be more strongly driven by local evolutionary dynamics varying across the range than by large-scale biogeographic shifts.</p>
Drought neutralizes positive effects of long-term grazing on grassland productivity through altering plant-soil interactions
<p>Livestock grazing is among the most intensive land-use activities in grasslands and can affect plant communities directly or indirectly via grazing-induced soil legacies. Under climate change, grasslands are threatened globally by recurrent drought. However, the extent to which drought influences grazing-induced soil legacy effects on plant biomass production and community composition remains largely unexplored.</p> <p>We grew five naturally co-occurring plant species (three dominants and two subordinates) in mixed communities in a glasshouse experiment in live and sterilized soil that had or had not been subjected to 19 years of grazing; these plant communities were then exposed to a subsequent drought. We tested the treatment effects on plant community biomass, proportional aboveground biomass of individual species, arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal root colonization, and soil nutrient availability.</p> <p>Under drought-free conditions, soils from grazed plots produced significantly higher plant aboveground and total community biomass compared to soils from ungrazed plots. In contrast, plant aboveground and total community biomass were similar between grazed and ungrazed soils under drought conditions. Similarly, soils from grazed plots increased the proportional biomass of dominant species but decreased the proportion of subordinate species; however, the proportional biomass of dominant and subordinate species was similar between grazed and ungrazed soils under drought conditions. Soil NO3--N in grazed soil was significantly higher compared to ungrazed soil. Drought dramatically increased soil NO3--N in sterilized soil and had a more pronounced increase in grazed soil than in ungrazed soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal root colonization from grazed soil was lower compared to ungrazed soil. Drought significantly increased the soil available phosphorus concentration, as well as plant community AM fungal root colonization.</p> <p>Synthesis. Our study suggests that drought can neutralize positive grazing effects on plant community biomass production via altered plant-soil interactions. Also, we found that drought can alleviate the negative effects of grazing legacies on subordinate species by reducing the competitiveness of dominant species. Our study provides new insights for understanding the underlying mechanisms of grazing effects on grassland productivity under climate change.</p>
Data from: Plant-soil interactions during the native and exotic range expansion of an annual plant
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Data from: The impact of elevated temperature and drought on the ecology and evolution of plant-soil microbe interactions
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Drought neutralizes positive effects of long-term grazing on grassland productivity through altering plant-soil interactions
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Data from: Predators in the plant-soil feedback loop: aboveground plant-associated predators may alter the outcome of plant-soil interactions
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) can structure plant communities, promoting coexistence (negative PSF) or monodominance (positive PSF). At higher trophic levels, predators can alter plant community structure by re-allocating resources within habitats. When predator and plant species are spatially associated, predators may alter the outcome of PSF. Here, I explore the influence of plant-associated predators on PSF using a generalized cellular automaton model that tracks nutrients, plants, herbivores, and predators. I explore key contingencies in plant-predator associations such as whether predators associate with live vs. senesced vegetation. Results indicate that plant-associated predators shift PSF to favor the host plant when predators colonize live vegetation, but the outcome of PSF will depend upon plant dispersal distance when predators colonize dead vegetation. I apply the model to two spider-associated invasive plants, finding that spider predators should shift PSF dynamics in a way that inhibits invasion by one forest invader, but exacerbates invasion by another.
Effects of soil conditioning, root and shoot litter addition interact to determine the intensity of plant-soil feedback (dataset)
<p>Plant-soil feedback (PSF) is recognized as an important mechanism shaping plant communities and determining plant abundance and coexistence. Under natural conditions, plants affect the outcome of plant-soil interactions simultaneously by conditioning the soil by living roots and by litter inputs into the soil. However, most experimental studies only focus on one of the pathways, which limits our understanding of PSF in the field. </p> <p>Here, we simultaneously explored the effect of soil conditioning by living roots and of root and shoot litter addition on the performance of seven <em>Impatiens</em> species grown in a two-phase garden experiment. </p> <p>Soil conditioning negatively affected plant performance and the effect was at least partly explained by nutrient depletion. Root litter addition affected plant performance negatively and the results suggest that biotic effects such as pathogen transmission via the root litter played a role. The effects of root litter addition were more pronounced in control soil which, contrary to the conditioned soil, supposedly did not accumulate pathogens during the conditioning phase. Shoot litter addition increased soil nutrient levels, but had no impact on plant performance. However, presence of shoot litter aggravated the negative effects of root litter, probably due to increased amounts of nutrients available for soil biota and thus their faster growth and intensified effect on the plants. </p> <p><span></span></p> <p>Overall, our study suggests that root and shoot litter have contrasting roles in plant-soil interactions and understanding their separate and interactive effects together with effects of soil conditioning is crucial for assessing the complexity of PSF.</p>
Data for: Plant-soil biota interactions explain shifts in plant community composition under global change
<p>1. Plant-soil biota interactions play a crucial role in the assembly of plant communities and the maintenance of plant species diversity. However, few studies have tested how the effect of soil biota on plant species and communities depend on environmental context and whether shifts in plant community composition caused by environmental change are associated with variation in plant-soil biota interactions. 2. We combined a field experiment in a Tibetan alpine meadow and a greenhouse experiment with factorial combinations of nitrogen (N) enrichment and warming to examine the role of plant-soil biota interactions in plant community dynamics. 3. The results showed that plant relative abundances were negatively correlated with the net effects of soil biota on plant growth but only under ambient field conditions. Warming and N-enrichment alleviated the negative soil biota effects in the greenhouse, and changed plant community composition and reduced species diversity in the field. Importantly, changes in soil biota effects on plant growth were positively correlated with changes in plant relative abundances caused by warming and N-enrichment in field. In a parallel field experiment, the diversity of mycorrhizal fungi increased while the diversity of fungal pathogens remained unchanged under warming and N-enrichment, indicating that soil biodiversity may play a critical role in plant responses to environmental change. 4. This study empirically demonstrates that altered plant-soil biota interactions explain shifts in plant community composition under global change, providing new insights into the mechanisms of diversity loss in a changing world.</p>
The temporal dimension of plant-soil microbe interactions: mechanisms promoting feedback between generations
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Data for: Plant-soil biota interactions explain shifts in plant community composition under global change
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