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331 results for “plantation”
Plantation Biodiversity Plots at Harvard Forest since 2007
Plantations have been part of forestry at Harvard Forest since its beginning. Plantations were established from 1911-1944, usually on open or cut-over land. The objectives for plantation forests at Harvard Forest were to: increase the amount of productive forest land; examine the suitability of various species and cultivars to New England conditions; and test planting and tending methods. At first, mainly small plantings (less than 1 to 4 acres) were established primarily on "blank" lands. Some larger plantations (20+ acres) were established on cut-over land around 1930. The bulk of the plantings were red pine, white pine and spruce (white and Norway), but several other conifers were also planted. The maximum amount of land in plantations came to about 270 acres (less than 10% of Harvard Forest’s land base). Tending of the plantations, especially weeding in the decade following establishment, but also in-filling, pruning and thinning, was conducted and carefully documented. However, tending of plantations ceased about 1950. Since then, the fate of the plantations has been mixed. Some plantations were out-competed by native forest with only scattered planted trees remaining. A few acres of plantations were harvested in the 1950s. About 40 acres of plantations were harvested in the 1990s. As of 2007, approximately 135 acres remained. These stands range in age from 60-90 years old. Some stands have substantial areas blown down. We developed a management plan to harvest about 80 acres of mature plantation forests beginning in 2008 in order to terminate these long term experiments, to regenerate a diversity of native tree species and restore native forests to these sites, and to initiate a new suite of long term experiments. For the next 10-15 years, the harvested areas will provide early successional habitat for a variety of wildlife species. A suite of permanent vegetation plots was established throughout the plantations to assess vegetation structure in plantations an
Calculation of parameter values based on observations for the herbaceous biomass plantation PFT representing Miscanthus in JSBACH3.2
<p>This dataset provides the calculation of parameter values and the observational data that was collected from literature used in these calculations for the re-implementation of a herbaceous biomass plantation (HBP) PFT representing Miscanthus in the dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) JSBACH3.2 (Egerer et al. subm., Nützel et al. in prep.). The parameters included are the maximum rubisco capacity (Vmax) at 25°C, the PEPcase CO2 specificity (k) and specific leaf area (SLA). Some of the observed parameter values were already compiled in a dataset by Li et al. (2018). These observations were therefore re-used in this dataset (which is specified within the dataset sheets) and complemented with additional observed values from literature that has become available since then or was not included in the study by Li et al. (2018). A detailed methodology of the parameter calculations for JSBACH3.2 can be found on the first sheet of the dataset. </p>
Indicative distribution map for Ecosystem Functional Group T7.3 Plantations
<p>This archive contains indicative distribution maps and profiles for <strong>T7.3 Plantations</strong>, a ecosystem functional group (EFG, level 3) of the <a href="https://global-ecosystems.org/">IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology</a> (v2.0). Please refer to Keith <em>et al.</em> (2020) for details.</p> <p>The descriptive profiles provide brief summaries of key ecological traits and processes, maps are indicative of global distribution patterns, and are not intended to represent fine-scale patterns. The maps show areas of the world containing major (value of 1, coloured red) or minor occurrences (value of 2, coloured yellow) of each ecosystem functional group. Minor occurrences are areas where an ecosystem functional group is scattered in patches within matrices of other ecosystem functional groups or where they occur in substantial areas, but only within a segment of a larger region. Given bounds of resolution and accuracy of source data, the maps should be used to query which EFG are likely to occur within areas, rather than which occur at particular point locations. Detailed methods and references for the maps are included in the profile (xml format).</p>
Bird Communities in Fragmented, Non-Native Pine Plantations in the Oak Openings Region of Northwest Ohio
Comprehensive surveys, while preferred, are not always feasible due to time, logistical, and funding constraints. However, limited surveys of focal taxa, such as birds, coupled with vegetation surveys, can provide critical information to guide land management. In the 1930s non-native conifers were planted in the Oak Openings Region of northwestern Ohio, a biodiversity hotspot. The stands are declining, and management is needed, but restoration to native habitat is time consuming and expensive. Our research utilized an avian perspective of ecological function of introduced pine plantations versus native remnants to guide management. We surveyed bird activity May through July 2020 with point-counts in nine sites (1.3-2.3 ha) with three each of white pine, red pine, and oak forest sites. At each site, we estimated bird richness, abundance, and diversity, as well as structural characteristics (e.g., canopy cover), composition (e.g., vegetation types), and landscape context (e.g., landcover). Superficially, the pine sites appear to be beneficial as pine habitat for breeding birds, with high Simpson’s indices (up to 0.89) and high species richness compared to oak sites. However, our results reveal that the pines are not truly functioning as pine habitat for birds based on the limited occurrence of pine specialist species, proportion of generalists to pine specialists, and landscape context. Simple measures of diversity with no consideration as to species identity and without the environmental context fail to provide reliable measures of ecological value. Instead, we recommend selective sampling and consideration of landscape context, vegetation structure, and species classification to guide management.
El Verde Coffee Plantation permanent plot vegetation sampling
Permanent plot data is expected to show (1) rapid increases in percent cover and tree stem density, and (2) rapid turnover from early to late successional plant species. Plant-plant competition indices should show quick increases in intensity with exotics as top competitors which may lead to exclusion of some trees common after landslide and pasture disturbance. Spatial patterns of invading trees should include edge effects due to dispersal limitation with clumping of bird-dispersed species before the first five years. Because of increased nitrogen levels due to plantings of Inga Sp. with coffee, trees should grow, as measured by biomass (productivity), height and basal diameter increases, significantly faster compared to landslide. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Earthworms in tropical tree plantations and secondary forests
We compared patterns of earthworm abundance and species composition in tree plantations and secondary forests of Puerto Rico. Tree plantations included pine (Pinus caribaea Morelet) and mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla King) established in the 1930s, 1960s, and 1970s; secondary forests were naturally regenerated in areas adjacent to these plantations. We found that (1) earthworm density and fresh weight in the secondary forests were twice those in either of the tree plantations, and did not differ between the plantations, and (2) the exotic earthworm species, Pontoscolex corethrurus M ller, dominated both plantations and the secondary forests, but native earthworm species, Pontoscolex spiralis Borges & Moreno, Estherella montana Gates, and E. gatesi Borges & Moreno, occurred only in the secondary forests. Our results suggest that naturally-regenerated secondary forests are preferable to pine and mahogany plantations for maintaining a high level of earthworm density, fresh weight, and native species. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Soil organic matter dynamics in the tabonuco forest, a plantation and a secondary forest in Guzman
In this project we try to find out the relationship between the primary production and the soil organic carbon fractions. Support for this work was provided by grants BSR-8811902, DEB-9411973, DEB-9705814 , DEB-0080538, DEB-0218039 , DEB-0620910 , DEB-1239764, DEB-1546686, and DEB-1831952 from the National Science Foundation to the University of Puerto Rico as part of the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. Additional support provided by the University of Puerto Rico and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service.
Tree and habitat structure data from rainforest fragments and coffee plantations in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India
<p><strong>TITLE</strong></p><p><strong>Tree and habitat structure data from rainforest fragments and coffee plantations in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India</strong><br> </p><p><strong>DESCRIPTION</strong></p><p>This dataset contains point-centred quarter (PCQ) data on trees and habitat structure measurements data from rainforest fragments and some coffee plantations in the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India. The data were gathered to quantity habitat parameters for bird and small carnivorous mamm community studies. Data were gathered mainly by T. R. Shankar Raman and Divya Mudappa (2000 to 2003), Hari Sridhar (2005), and Akshay Surendra (2019).</p><p><strong>Publications</strong></p><p>Specific portions of the dataset have been used in the following publications:</p><ul><li>Mudappa, D. 2001. <a href="https://hdl.handle.net/10603/101890">Ecology of the brown palm civet <i>Paradoxurus jerdoni</i> in the tropical rainforests of the Western Ghats, India</a>. Ph. D. thesis, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. https://hdl.handle.net/10603/101890</li><li>Raman, T. R. S. 2001. <a href="https://archive.org/details/raman-2001-ph-d-thesis-iisc">Community ecology and conservation of mid-elevation tropical rainforest bird communities in the southern Western Ghats, India</a>. PhD thesis, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. https://archive.org/details/raman-2001-ph-d-thesis-iisc</li><li>Raman, T.R.S. 2006. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-005-2352-5">Effects of Habitat Structure and Adjacent Habitats on Birds in Tropical Rainforest Fragments and Shaded Plantations in the Western Ghats, India</a>. <i>Biodiversity and Conservation</i> 15: 1577–1607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-005-2352-5</li><li>Sridhar, H., & Sankar, K. 2008. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467408004823">Effects of habitat degradation on mixed-species bird flocks in Indian rain forests</a>. <i>Journal of Tropical Ecology</i> 24: 135-147. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266467408004823</li><li>Surendra, A. & Raman, T. R. S. 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.22.513365">Forest bird decline and community change over 19 years in long-isolated South Asian tropical rainforest fragments</a>. Preprint. <i>BioRxiv</i> 2022.10.22.513365. https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.10.22.513365<br> </li></ul><p>A related dataset is the following:<br>Raman, T. R. S. (2020). Data from: Effects of Habitat Structure and Adjacent Habitats on Birds in Tropical Rainforest Fragments and Shaded Plantations in the Western Ghats, India. <i>Dryad Dataset.</i> https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4mw6m907q<br> </p><p><strong>Curation and corrections</strong></p><p>Data were collated, curated, and corrected before this upload. Besides addition of new columns, explanations of metadata, and other corrections included few related to canopy measurements, effective girth of multi-stem trees, and species identification.</p><p><strong>Acknowledgements</strong></p><p>We are grateful to P. Jeganathan and P. R. Shankar for assistance with data collection in 2000. Others who assisted with field research, and funding agencies related to the specific studies, are acknowledged in the above publications. The data compilation and publication was carried out as part of a grant from Fondation Franklinia to NCF.</p><p><br><strong>CONTACTS</strong><br> </p><p>CONTACT #1<br>1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p><p>CONTACT #2<br>1. Name: Divya Mudappa<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p><p>CONTACT #3<br>1. Name: Hari Sridhar<br>2. Work Address: Wildlife Institute of India, Post Bag #18, Chandrabani, Dehradun – 248001, Uttarakhand, India; Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: harisridhar1982@gmail.com<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3286-0120</p><p>CONTACT #4<br>1. Name: Akshay Surendra<br>2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India; School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT – 06511, USA; New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10458<br>3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br>4. Email address: akshaysurendra1@gmail.com<br>5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2719-7432<br> </p><p><br><strong>GEOGRAPHIC COVERAGE</strong></p><p>1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India</p><p>2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p><p><br><strong>TEMPORAL COVERAGE</strong></p><p>1. Begins: 2000-01-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br>2. Ends: 2019-12-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p><p><br><strong>METHODS</strong></p><p>Methods involved are described in the publications listed above. The vegetation sampling methods are briefly described below.</p><p>PCQ data: Trees ≥30cm girth at breast height (gbh, at 1.3 m) were sampled in replicate point-centred quarter (PCQ) points in each of the sites (fragments or coffee plantations).</p><p>All trees in the PCQ plots were identified to species, or in a few cases to genus, using available field guides. Using a tape measure, distance from plot centre to the middle of the bole and GBH were recorded for each tree. At each of the PCQ plots, circular plots were laid to enumerate shrubs and cut trees and record presence or absence of lianas, cane, Lantana etc as described in the metadata. Canopy and leaf litter variables were measured at replicate points, spaced 25 to 50 m apart, in each site. Elevation readings were also taken at these points using an altimeter or handheld GPS. Canopy height was measured using a rangefinder. Percentage canopy cover was measured using a spherical densiometer at each of the 25 points in each site. Vertical stratification was assessed by noting presence or absence of foliage in the following height intervals (in metres): 0–1, 1–2, 2–4, 4–8, 8–16, 16–24, 24–32, and > 32, directly above and in a 0.5 m radius around each point. Leaf litter depth on the forest floor was measured using a calibrated wooden probe at each point. Where ground vegetation and litter were disturbed along trails, the samples were taken away from trails in the forest floor.</p><p><br><strong>FILES INCLUDED</strong><br>Besides the 00_README.txt file that contains this metadata, the dataset includes the following 7 files, whose details and contents are explained below. (Wherever used in the various files, NA implies not available.)<br> </p><p><strong>01) sites.csv -- Details of study sites</strong><br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>decimalLongitude: Longitude in decimal degrees North (WGS 84 datum)<br>decimalLatitude: Latitude in decimal degrees East (WGS 84 datum)<br>habitat: Habitat type as mature tropical rainforest, tropical rainforest fragment, or coffee plantation<br>Description: Description of the place<br> </p><p><strong>02) allpcqdata.csv -- Tree data from point-centred quarter (PCQ) surveys</strong><br>Year: Year of survey for bird and vegetation study<br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>Point_name: Name ID of point-centred quarter (PCQ) point as used within a survey year<br>pointID: Unique ID of point-centred quarter (PCQ) point including year of survey<br>Tree_no: Tree number ID given to the four trees in each PCQ plot (T1 to T4)<br>verbatimIdentification: Scientific name of tree species as originally written or identified<br>scientificName: Scientific name as currently identified under updated taxonomy<br>nativeAlien: Category indicating whether species is native or alien to the region/country<br>kingdom: Taxonomic Kingdom<br>phylum: Taxonomic Phylum<br>Distance_eff: Distance in metres from centre of PCQ plot to centre of tree trunk<br>Girth_eff: Girth in centimetres (cm) at breast height (1.3 m) of the tree after correction (using appropriate formula) in the case of multi-stemmed individuals<br>locationRemarks: Code for site name as originally used<br>SpCode: Species code as originally used during data entry<br>TreeHeight: Tree height in metres (only available in 2019 survey)<br>identificationRemarks: Notes related to identification if available<br>occurrenceRemarks: Notes related to multi-stemmed individuals (girths in cm) if available and note on one possibly errorneous girth<br> </p><p><strong>03) pcqlocations.csv -- Locations of sample PCQ points</strong><br>pointID: Unique ID of point-centred quarter (PCQ) point including year of survey<br>note: Site name code<br>decimalLatitude: Latitude in decimal degrees East (WGS 84 datum)<br>decimalLongitude: Longitude in decimal degrees North (WGS 84 datum)<br>coordinateUncertaintyInMeters: Approximate uncertainty of the location in metres<br> </p><p><strong>04) allhabitat.csv -- Data on habitat structure variables</strong><br>Year: Year of survey for bird and vegetation study<br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>Point: ID of replicate survey point within the Fragment<br>0-1m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 0-1 m above ground<br>1-2m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 1-2 m above ground<br>2-4m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 2-4 m above ground<br>4-8m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 4-8 m above ground<br>8-16m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 8-16 m above ground<br>16-24m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 16-24 m above ground<br>24-32m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band 24-32 m above ground<br>over32m: Presence (1) or absence (0) of foliage within 0.5 m of point in the vertical band greater than 32 m above ground<br>VertStrata: Number of vertical strata with foliage (sum of preceding 8 columns)<br>CanopyHeight: Canopy height in metres<br>CanopyOpenness: Canopy openness in percentage as measured using a spherical densiometer<br>CanopyCover: Canopy cover (closure) in percentage as measured using a spherical densiometer<br>CanopyOverlap: Canopy overlap rank: 0-open sky above; 1-branches above barely touching; 2-overlapping branches above, sky visible; 3-overlapping branches, sky not visible<br>UC: Canopy overlap rank as above, for understorey vegetation only<br>MC: Canopy overlap rank as above, for the midstorey only<br>CC: Canopy overlap rank as above, for the upper canopy only<br>Altitude: Altitude above sea leavel in metres, measued from hand-held altimeter or GPS device<br>RfShrub: Number of shrubs (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>Coffee: Number of coffee bushes (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>Maesopsis: Number of alien Maesopsis eminii stems (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>Strobilanthes: Number of Strobilanthes shrubs (woody stems at least 1 m in height, GBH < 30 cm) within 2 m radius of point<br>TotalShrub: Total number of shrubs within 2 m radius of point<br>Liana: Presence (1) or absence (0) of woody lianas within 5 m radius of point<br>Cane: Presence (1) or absence (0) of cane (Calamus sp.) within 2 m radius of point<br>Lantana: Presence (1) or absence (0) of Lantana camara shrubs within 2 m radius of point<br>Bamboo: Presence (1) or absence (0) of bamboo culms within 2 m radius of point<br>LeafLitter: Depth of leaf litter in cm (to 0.5 cm accuracy) measured using a calibrated wooden probe<br>CutTrees: Number of cut trees within 5 m radius of point<br> </p><p><strong>05) gbifnames.csv -- Results of GBIF name matching tool</strong><br>sno: Serial number<br>verbatimScientificName: Scientific name of tree species as originally written or identified<br>scientificName: Scientific name after matching with Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) database to lowest taxonomic level<br>sciNameWithAuthor: Scientific name with author as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>key: GBIF key as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>matchType: Type of match as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>confidence: Confidence as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>status: Status as accepted name or synonym as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>rank: Taxonomic rank as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>kingdom: Kingdom as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>phylum: Phylum as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>class: Class as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>order: Order as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>family: Family as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>genus: Genus as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>species: Species as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>canonicalName: Canonical name as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>authorship: Author of name as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br> </p><p><strong>06) plots2000.csv -- Data from 5 m radius circular plots in select sites</strong><br>verbatimLocality: Name of locality as originally used<br>Fragment: Name of rainforest fragment or coffee plantation<br>PlotID: ID of 5 m radius plot<br>Treeno: Serial number of tree in the plot<br>verbatimIdentification: Scientific name of tree species as originally written or identified<br>scientificName: Scientific name as currently identified under updated taxonomy<br>Girth_eff: Girth in centimetres (cm) at breast height (1.3 m) of the tree after correction (using appropriate formula) in the case of multi-stemmed individuals<br>nativeAlien: Category indicating whether species is native or alien to the region/country<br>kingdom: Kingdom as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>phylum: Phylum as provided by GBIF name matching tool<br>occurrenceRemarks: Notes related to multi-stemmed individuals (girths in cm) if available and identification</p><p> </p><p><strong>07) anampcqs4gbif.rmd -- Text file with code in the R statistical and programming language</strong> </p><p>This R code was used for converting data in this Zenodo dataset into Darwin Core occurrence dataset for upload to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF, https://www.gbif.org). The published dataset can now be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.15468/cmsveh</p><p> </p><p><strong>Changes in Version 2</strong></p><p>In sites.csv, changed habitat from "Rainforest" to "Tropical rainforest fragment" for Puthuthottam</p><p>Added the anampcqs4gbif.rmd file with R code</p>
Global Plantation Forest Carbon database
<p>This project systematically reviewed the literature for measurements of aboveground carbon stocks in monoculture plantation forests. The data compiled here are for monoculture (single-species) plantation forests, which are a subset of a broader review to identify empirical measurements of carbon stocks across all forest types. The database is structured similarly to that of the ForC (<a href="https://forc-db.github.io/">https://forc-db.github.io/</a>) and GROA databases (https://github.com/forc-db/GROA).</p> <p>When using these data, please cite:</p> <p>Bukoski, J.J., Cook-Patton, S.C., Melikov, C., Ban, H., Liu, J.C., Harris, N., Goldman, E., and Potts, M.D. 2022. Rates and drivers of aboveground carbon accumulation in global monoculture plantation forests. <em>Nature Communications</em> 13(4206). doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31380-7</p>
Data from: Seasonal variation in wildlife roadkills in plantations and tropical rainforest in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India
<p>This dataset contains animal roadkill data (2011-13) from the Valparai Plateau and Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Western Ghats, India. Occurrence records were gathered in the field by researchers of the <a href="https://www.ncf-india.org">Nature Conservation Foundation, India</a>. The dataset corresponds to the following publication:</p> <p>Jeganathan, P., Mudappa, D., Kumar, M. A., and Raman, T. R. S. 2018. <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Seasonal variation in wildlife roadkills in plantations and tropical rainforest in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats, India</a>. <em>Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626. DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p> <p>CONTACT #1<br> 1. Name: P. Jeganathan<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: jegan@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0238-0655</p> <p>CONTACT #2<br> 1. Name: Divya Mudappa<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: divya@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9708-4826</p> <p>CONTACT #3<br> 1. Name: M. Ananda Kumar<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: anand@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7094-1314</p> <p>CONTACT #4<br> 1. Name: T. R. Shankar Raman<br> 2. Work Address: Nature Conservation Foundation, 1311, 12th A Main, Vijayanagar 1st Stage, Mysuru 570017, Karnataka, India<br> 3. Work Phone: +91 821 2515601<br> 4. Email address: trsr@ncf-india.org<br> 5. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1347-3953</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>tropical rainforest, plantations, Anamalai Hills, animal roadkill, linear infrastructure intrusions, highways, road ecology, animal-vehicle collisions </p> <p><strong>Geographic Coverage:</strong><br> 1. Location/Study Area: Valparai Plateau, Tamil Nadu, India; Anamalai Tiger Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India<br> 2. GPS coordinates: Valparai Plateau (10°15'- 10°22'N, 76°52' - 76°59'E); Anamalai Tiger Reserve (10°12' - 10°35'N, 76°49' - 77°24'E)</p> <p><strong>Temporal Coverage:</strong><br> 1. Begins: 2011-06-01 (Year, Month, Day)<br> 2. Ends: 2013-05-31 (Year, Month, Day)</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong></p> <p>Methods involved repeated surveys along the road routes searching for roadkills and habitat sampling as described in <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Jeganathan et al. (2018),<em> Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626</a>, DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p> <p><strong>Files included:</strong></p> <p>Besides this 00_README.txt file, the dataset includes the following six files as explained below:<br> 1) 01_habitat_length.csv -- details of road routes surveyed as line transects<br> 2) 02_sampling_events.csv -- details of individual line transect sample surveys along road routes<br> 3) 03_roadkill_data_final.csv -- roadkill occurrence data from sample surveys along road routes<br> 4) 04_canopy_and_habitat.csv -- canopy and habitat readings along road routes (transects) surveyed<br> 5) 05_roadkill_transects_all.kml -- KML file containing geographic tracks of 11 road routes surveyed as roadkill transects<br> 6) 06_road_transects_map.jpg -- Map of surveyed routes corresponding to Figure 1 in Jeganathan et al. (2018)</p> <p><strong>01_habitat_length.csv</strong><br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> route_description: description of road route<br> tlength_km: transect length along road in kilometres (km)<br> tlength_m: transect length along road in metres (m)<br> forest: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on both sides<br> forest_tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on one side, tea on the other<br> coffee_forest: extent of the road in metres (m) with forest on one side, coffee plantation on the other<br> tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with tea plantation on both sides<br> coffee: extent of the road in metres (m) with coffee plantation on both sides<br> eucalyptus: extent of the road in metres (m) with eucalyptus plantation on both sides<br> eucalyptus_tea: extent of the road in metres (m) with eucalyptus on one side, tea plantation on the other</p> <p><strong>02_sampling_events.csv</strong><br> season: monsoon (June to December 2011) or summer (March to June 2012 prior to the onset of 2012 monsoon)<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> tcode: unique code for each individual survey of a road route (transect) coevered on a specific date<br> eventDate: date of road survey<br> tlength: transect length along road in kilometres (km)</p> <p><strong>03_roadkilldata_final.csv</strong><br> sno: serial number of observation<br> season: monsoon (June to December 2011) or summer (March to June 2012 prior to the onset of 2012 monsoon)<br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> tcode: unique code for each individual survey of a road route (transect) coevered on a specific date<br> eventDate: date of road survey<br> fielddate: date of road survey as initially noted (for two surveys completed over two successive days, the initial date was recorded as eventDate for 2011-06-17 = 2011-06-16 and eventDate for 2011-07-06 = 2011-07-05<br> tlength: transect length along road in kilometres (km)<br> verbatimIdentification: original identification of roadkilled taxon<br> vernacularName: common name of taxon<br> scientificName: scientific name of taxon for corresponding taxonomic level of identification<br> taxonRank: rank of taxon indicating for corresponding taxonomic level of identification<br> taxonRemarks: category of taxon as noted for analysis<br> verbatimCoordinateSystem: coordinate system used for initial data collection<br> verbatimSRS: SRS of the location data collected (EPSG:32643/WGS84)<br> georeferenceRemarks: note indicating locations were converted from UTM (zone 43 N) to latitude longitude using QGIS software<br> verbatimLongitude: UTM longitude (Easting) as originally recorded<br> verbatimLatitude: UTM latitude (Northing) as originally recorded<br> decimalLongitude: longitude in decimal degree East<br> decimalLatitude: latitude in decimal degrees North<br> habitat: habitat on either side of the road (forest - forest on both sides; forest_tea - forest on one side, tea on the other; human - human settlements; coffee - coffee plantation on both sides; coffee_forest - coffee on one side, forest on the other; eucalyptus - eucalyptus plantation on both sides; eucalyptus_tea - eucalyptus on one side, tea on the other; tea - tea plantation)<br> individualCount: number of individuals recorded as roadkill (0 if no roadkills in that survey)<br> occurrenceStatus: indicated as 'present' for roadkills, or 'absent' if no roadkills recorded<br> occurrenceRemarks: notes and remarks if any</p> <p><strong>04_canopy_and_habitat.csv</strong><br> transect: name of road route surveyed as a line transect<br> verbatimroute: route name as originally noted<br> sno: serial number<br> canopycover: 0 if tree canopy absent, 1 if tree canopy present above point of observation<br> canopyoverlap: horizontal overlap of tree canopy above point of observation ranked as 0 - no canopy above; 1 canopy present but barely touching or overrlapping; 2 - canopy overlapping with sky still visible through leaves; 3 - canopy overlaps overhead densely with sky scarcely visible<br> verticaloverlap: vertical gap between canopy or branches of trees above point of observation ranked as 0 - very wide; 1 - barely touching, 2 - significant vertical overlap, 3 - substantial and dense vertical overlap<br> habcode: two letter alphabetical code with each letter indicating habitat on one side of the road at the point of observation with f - forest, t - tea, c - coffee, e - eucalyptus, v - village or human habitation, m - dam or reservoir<br> habno: numeric category for habitat on either side coded as 1 for monocultures (ee, tt); 2 for mixed forest and plantation (ef, ft, etc.); 3 for forest (ff), and 4 for coffee plantation (cc)<br> longitude: longitude in decimal degrees east<br> latitude: latitude in decimal degrees north</p> <p><strong>05_roadkill_transects_all.kml</strong><br> This KML file contains all 11 road routes surveyed as roadkill transects.</p> <p><strong>06_road_transects_map.jpg</strong><br> This map illustrating the surveyed road routes corresponds to Figure 1 in <a href="https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626">Jeganathan et al. (2018), <em>Current Science</em> 114(3): 619-626</a>, DOI: 10.18520/cs/v114/i03/619-626</p>
Soil, climatic, physiographic and stand data in Pinus sylvestris and Pinus halepensis plantations in Spain
<p>This dataset contains information about soil physical, chemical and biochemical, climatic, physiographic and stand parameters of 32 plots belonging to the Spanish National Forest Inventory (SNFI) located in <em>Pinus halepensis</em> Mill. plantations and 35 plots belonging to the Sustainable Forest Management Research Institute (iuFOR; University of Valladolid and INIA) located in <em>Pinus sylvestris </em>L. plantations in Spain.</p> <p>Parameters included in the dataset: <br> Plot: plot identification in the SNFI and iuFOR networks.<br> Species: species present in each plot (1: Pinus sylvestris; 2: Pinus halepensis)<br> Slope: gradient in the plot in percentage.<br> Altitude: elevation of the plot in meters above the sea level<br> Latitude and Longitude: geographical coordinates of the plots in degrees<br> Density: number of trees per hectare in the plot<br> Dg: quadratic mean diameter in centimetersç<br> Hm: mean height in meters of the trees in the plot<br> H0; dominant height in meters of the trees in the plot<br> BA: basal area of the plot in square meters per hectare<br> SI: site index; dominant height of the trees in the plot at the reference age (80 years for Pinus halepensis and 50 years for Pinus sylvestris stands) <br> SQ: the site quality class<br> Age: average age in years of the trees in the plot<br> AW: soil available water in percentage<br> CO: soil coarse particles in percentage<br> Porosity: soil porosity in percentage<br> CLAY: clay content in soil in percentage<br> SILTUS: silt content in soil following the USDA criteria in percentage<br> SILTIS: silt content in soil following the International criteria, in percentage<br> SANDUS: sand content in soil following the USDA criteria, in percentage<br> SANDIS: sand content in soil following the International criteria, in percentage<br> OHT: organic horizon thickness in the plot in centimeters<br> ([C/N]L): the total carbon to total nitrogen ratio in the litter fraction of the organic horizon<br> ([C/N]FH): the total carbon to total nitrogen ratio in the fragmented plus humified fractions of the organic horizon <br> L: amount of litter fraction in the organic horizon in tons per hectare<br> FH: amount of fragmented plus humified fraction in the organic horizon in tons per hectare. <br> pH: soil pH value <br> CEC: cation exchange capacity in soil in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Bascomb, 1964)<br> EOC: amount of easily oxidizable C in soil in percentage (Walkley and Black, 1934)<br> AP: amount of available phosphorus in soil in miligrams per kilogram of soil extracted with anion exchange membranes and determined with colorimetry (Murphy and Riley, 1962)<br> TN: total N in soil in percentage<br> TOC/TN: total organic C to total N ratio in soil<br> Ca, Mg, Na, K: exchangeable calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium in soil in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Schollenberger and Simon, 1945)<br> WSP: water soluble phenols in soil in micrograms of TAE per gram of soil (Box, 1983)<br> Carbonates: amount of carbonates in soil in percentage (Bundy and Bremner, 1972)<br> React_carb: amount of reactive carbonates in soil in percentage (Bashour and Sayegh, 2007)<br> Gypsum: amount of gypsum in soil in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Richards, 1954)<br> Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn: amount of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in miligrams per kilogram of soil (Lindsay and Norvell, 1978)<br> EA: soil exchangeable acidity in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Bascomb, 1964)<br> Sat: base saturation of soil in percentage <br> AlA, FeA, MnA: amorphous aluminum, iron and manganese (AlA, FeA, MnA) in soil in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Bascomb, 1968)<br> AlM, FeM, MnM: organically bound aluminum, iron and manganese in soil in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Blakemore et al. 1987) <br> AlE: exchangeable aluminum in soil in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Bertsch & Bloom, 1996)<br> AlI: inorganic aluminum in soil in centimoles of charge per kilogram of soil (Mc-Keague et al., 1971)<br> Cmic, Nmic, Pmic: amount of microbial biomass carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in soil in milligrams per kilogram of soil (Vance et al. 1987)<br> Cmin: amount of mineralizable carbon in soil in milligrams per kilogram of soil (Isermeyer, 1952)<br> Cmin/TOC: mineralizable carbon to total organic carbon ratio <br> Cmic/TOC: microbial biomass carbon to total organic carbon ratio<br> qCO2: microbial metabolic quotient (Cmin/Cmic) in soil in grams per week and gram of soil<br> FDA: fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis reaction (Alef and Nannipieri, 1995) in milliunits per gram of dry soil (nanomoles of fluorescein diacetate produced per gram of soil and minute)<br> DHA: dehydrogenase activity (Casida et al., 1964) in milliunits per gram of dry soil (nanomoles of triphenyl formazan produced per gram of soil and minute)<br> AcPhos, AlkPhos: acid and alkaline phosphatase activity (Tabatabai and Bremner, 1969) in milliunits per gram of dry soil (nanomoles of p-nitrophenol produced per gram of soil and minute)<br> Urease: urease activity in soil (Hofmann, 1963) in milliunits per gram of dry soil (nanomoles of N per gram of soil and minute)<br> Catalase: catalase activity (Tabatabai and Beck, 1971) in milliunits per gram of dry soil (nanomoles of O<sub>2</sub> produced per gram of soil and minute)<br> MAT: mean annual temperature in degrees centigrade (Ninyerola et al., 2005)<br> MMWM: mean maximum temperature of the warmest month in degrees centigrade (Ninyerola et al., 2005)<br> MMCM: mean maximum temperature of the coldest month in degrees centigrade (Ninyerola et al., 2005)<br> MTWM: mean temperature of the warmest month in degrees centigrade (Ninyerola et al., 2005)<br> MTCM: mean temperature of the coldest month in degrees centigrade (Ninyerola et al., 2005)<br> TP: total precipitation in millimeters (Ninyerola et al., 2005)<br> PW, PSP, PSU, PA: winter, spring, summer and autumn precipitation in millimeters (Ninyerola et al., 2005)<br> PET, RET: potential and real evapotranspiration in millimetres (Thornthwaite, 1949 and Thorntwaite and Mather, 1955) <br> Deficit: mean annual hydric deficit in millimeters (Thornthwaite, 1949 and Thorntwaite and Mather, 1955) <br> Surplus: mean annual hydric surplus in millimetres (Thornthwaite, 1949 and Thorntwaite and Mather, 1955) <br> AHI: Annual Hydric Index (Thornthwaite, 1949)<br> Martonne: Martonne index (De-Martonne, 1926)<br> Lang: Lang index (Lang, 1919)</p> <p>Code -999.99 indicates missing values.</p>
The GIS database of Woodnat project for the inventory and monitoring of walnut plantation in Italy and Spain
<p>The database contains 95 selected walnut plantations monitored with the financings of the H2020 WOODnat project in Italy and Spain and georeferenced in WGS84 reference system (EPSG 4326). For each plantation, stationary, cultural and climatic data are available; on a sample of 30 trees for each plot data of growth, wood quality and sanitary conditions are available. These data can be exploited to assess potential wood volume obtainable and quality of raw material, and to identify the weaknesses and errors, strengths and opportunities of the experiences conducted to plan future plantings with greater awareness.</p>
Fig. 5 in Bird Diversity Differs Between Industrial Tree Plantations On Borneo: Implications For Conservation Planning
Fig. 5. Nonlinear multidimensional scaling of bird survey data pooled by point-transect. Vectors represent correlations between the ordination and habitat variables. Vectors and Pearson correlation coefficients are plotted for habitat variables with an r2> 0.200 for axis 1.
Fig. 4 in Bird Diversity Differs Between Industrial Tree Plantations On Borneo: Implications For Conservation Planning
Fig. 4. Plots of (A) species and (B) individual rates (from Fig. 1) versus number of species listed by www.birdlife.org (Table 1) per habitat type.
Fig. 1 in Bird Diversity Differs Between Industrial Tree Plantations On Borneo: Implications For Conservation Planning
Fig. 1. Map of forest occurrence in Borneo in 2005 (WWF-Malaysia, 2005) showing the localities of the Sarawak Planted Forest Project and Sabah Softwoods plantation.
Figure 4 in Impact of five different species of bamboo plantations on earthworm communities in West Tripura (India)
Figure 4. Rank abundance curves showing abundance patterns of earthworm species in soils under different species of bamboo plantations.
Figure 3 in Impact of five different species of bamboo plantations on earthworm communities in West Tripura (India)
Figure 3. Bray-Curtis single cluster analysis based on earthworm community composition in the different bamboo plantations.
Figure 1 in Impact of five different species of bamboo plantations on earthworm communities in West Tripura (India)
Figure 1. Photographs of different earthworm species under bamboo plantations of West Tripura- (a) Eutyphoeus comillahnus (b) Amynthus alexandri (c) Metaphire posthuma (d) Eutyphoeus gigas (e) Drawida nepalensis (f) Drawida papillifer papillifer (g) Drawida assamensis (h) Perionyx excavatus (i) Kanchuria sp1 (j) Lampito mauritii (k) Metaphire houlleti (l) Dicogaster bolaui (m) Eutyphoeus gammiei (n) Pontoscolex corethrurus (o) Octochaetona beatrix (p) Lennogaster chittagongensis (q) Eutyphoeus orientalis (r) Lennogaster chittagongensis.
Figure 2 in Impact of five different species of bamboo plantations on earthworm communities in West Tripura (India)
Figure 2. Bar diagram showing earthworm biomasses (g m-2) and densities (No m-2) of anecic and endogeic ecological categories under soils of different bamboo plantations.
Methane and Carbon Dioxide Production and Emission Pathways in the Belowground and Draining Water Bodies of a Tropical Peatland Plantation Forest
<p>This is the data repository for the second version (revised) of the manuscript "Methane and Carbon Dioxide Production and Emission Pathways in the Belowground and Draining Water Bodies of a Tropical Peatland Plantation Forest<strong>"</strong> submitted to Geophysical Research Letters on 10 January 2025.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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