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142 results for “pollinator community”
GPH01 Grazing management effects on pollinator communities and habitat at Konza Prairie, 2024-2025
For all data files, data were collected in Konza Prairie LTER sites: N1A, N1B, C1A, K1B, and 1D during May, July, and August in both 2024 and 2025. The goal was to investigate variation in pollinator foraging and nesting habitat and in foraging and nesting pollinator communities across grazing regimes. Details for each file follow: 1. Plant-pollinator interactions (file = pollinatorNetworks); 2. Bees collected from ground nests (file = nestingBees); 3. Floral resources observed along transects (file = floralResources); 4. Bare ground cover and vegetation height measured along transects (file = otherHabitat); 5. Soil characteristics (file = soils)
Warming of experimental plant-pollinator communities advances phenologies, alters traits, reduces interactions, and depresses reproduction
<p>This is the data set supporting the analyses performed in the article entitled "Warming of experimental plant-pollinator communities advances phenologies, alters traits, reduces interactions, and depresses reproduction", by Natasha de Manincor, Alessandro Fisogni, and Nicole E. Rafferty, published in Ecology Letters (2023, 26:323-334, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14158">https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.14158</a>).</p> <p>The experiment has been performed in the greenhouse facilities at the University of California, Riverside, in 2021.</p> <p>The two treatments analyzed are ambient vs warmed (+ 4 °C), the focal pollinator species is <em>Osmia lignaria</em>, and the three focal plant species are <em>Collinsia heterophylla</em>, <em>Nemophila menziesii</em>, and <em>Phacelia campanularia</em>.</p> <p>Data are tab separated .txt files.</p>
Data from: Butterflies are not a robust bioindicator for assessing pollinator communities, but floral resources offer a promising way forward
<p>Monitoring pollinators is crucial for the evaluation of biodiversity and potential pollination services. Yet, efficiently monitoring multiple taxa over large areas can be costly. An alternative approach is using simple species bioindicators that represent the entire pollinator community. One of the requirements of a good bioindicator is that it can be easily identified to lower taxonomic levels and be sensitive to changes in habitat. This is the case for butterflies, a taxon for which many countries have a country-wide long-term monitoring scheme. We tested whether butterfly diversity can be used to predict diversity of bees and hoverflies both spatially and temporally. We surveyed 42 transects of the Dutch Butterfly Monitoring Scheme in 2020, to record species richness and abundance of butterflies, bees and hoverflies. We also recorded flower area and richness in the pollinator transects. To test whether pollinators with similar functional traits are more closely correlated than the entire pollinator community, we categorized bee and butterfly species according to their diet breadth (polyphagous vs. non-polyphagous), nitrogen-affinity (nitrophobous vs. nitrophilous larval resources) and body size. We used the same methods to test for temporal correlations over seven years for one site in Spain. Butterfly richness was not spatially correlated with bee richness (Pearson's r = 0.13), nor were the two taxa temporally correlated (Pearson's r = 0.02). Interestingly, hoverfly richness was spatially correlated with butterfly richness (Pearson's r = 0.43) and with bee richness (Pearson's r = 0.36) in the Netherlands and, hence, hoverflies might be slightly more suitable as a bioindicator of pollinator diversity in this area. Abundance of all three taxa showed no significant inter-correlation, except for correlations between diet specialist bees and butterflies (Pearson's r = 0.39). Importantly, all three taxa were strongly correlated with flower richness, but they varied in their preferences for host plant families. This is in line with 75% of the plant-pollinator studies finding significant positive relations. For monitoring schemes to be effective in informing better pollinator conservation, they should expand to include bees and hoverflies as well as simple indicators of habitat quality such as floral resources.</p>
Individual and community flowering phenology, seed counts and pollinator visitation rates in shrub and open plots across Niwot Ridge, 2019 - 2021.
Climate-change induced alterations in environmental conditions in the alpine tundra has led to the expansion of woody shrubs, known as “shrubification.” Shrubification is thought to change microclimatic conditions, potentially leading to changes in plant community composition. Shrubification has been taking place at Niwot Ridge, a Long Term Ecological Research site nestled in the mountains of Colorado, for the past 40 years. Thus far, Niwot Ridge has seen some change in alpine plant communities due to shrubification, and changes in plant reproductive capacity and success could lead to future alterations of community composition. One important aspect in plant reproductive success is the timing of flowering, known as flowering phenology. Flowering phenology is controlled partially by environmental conditions, and thus is somewhat plastic for many species. In the first part of my thesis, I explore how shrubification may be causing changes in flowering phenology for 21 different plant species in the alpine tundra community at Niwot Ridge. I conducted an observational study over three years, monitoring the number of flowers present in 54 pairs of shrub-influenced and open plots, totaling 108 plots. I found that there is no difference in the flowering phenology between open and shrub-influenced plots. There is a measurable difference in the number of flowers produced between shrub and open plots, with open plots having more flowers on average, This difference is likely due to there being fewer plants in shrub-influenced plots. A second aspect explores shrub effects on the reproductive success of five different alpine species. In the field season of 2021, I took seeds from these five species from 12 pairs of shrub and open plots, totaling 24 plots. I counted and weighed the seeds to determine reproductive success; there was no difference in reproductive success between shrub and open plots.
Fig. 6 in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 6. Phenotypic variation among the four species represented by the first two coordinate axes of a principal component analysis.Twelve morphological characters were analyzed (Table 3). A Mantel test of the multivariate morphological differences among species was highly significant (P <0.0001). In addition, LO1 shows further differentiation based on geography, with distinct clusters recovered for both Baja and Sonora samples.
Fig. 5. Bayesian skyline plots for three Idarnes species. X in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 5. Bayesian skyline plots for three Idarnes species. X-axes are in units of mutations per site, while y-axes are in units of effective population size scaled by mutation rate. LO1 shows sharp growth in population size, whereas SO1 and SO2 show a similar pattern of consistent population size through time with minimal growth. LO2 was not included as it contains two cryptic species reducing sample sizes too low for analysis.
Fig. 2. A in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 2. A habitus drawing of an Idarnes wasp. The drawing represents a wasp from the LO1 species associated with host Ficus petiolaris. Illustrated are the 12 morphological characters measured for analysis.The characters are as follows: 1) presence of antennal setulae, 2) number of antennal segments, 3) scape length, 4) scape color (amber vs dark), 5) head width, 6) inter-antennal distance, 7) facial width, 8) collar length, 9) stigmal vein length, 10) femur color (amber vs dark), 11) body length, and 12) ovipositor length.
Fig. 3 in Community Structure and Undescribed Species Diversity in Non-Pollinating Fig Wasps Associated with the Strangler Fig Ficus petiolaris
Fig. 3. Maximum-clade credibility tree for Idarnes mtDNA sequences from wasps associated with Ficus petiolaris. Four distinct clades (LO1, SO1, LO2, SO2) each with a posterior probability of 1.0 were recovered.There is little information in the data as to how these four clades are related. Posterior probabilities ≥0.50 are presented.Taxon names are composed of clade name, locality number, and internal lab numbers. In addition, LO1 sequences show phylogeographic structure, with sequences primarily clustering based on if sampled from Baja California (BC) or Sonora (S). One sequence (denoted with black box) is an exception, where the wasp was sampled from Sonora (locale 12; see Fig. 1) yet clusters with Baja California sequences.
Data and code corresponding to the article "Interaction network structure explains species temporal persistence in empirical plant-pollinator communities"
<p>This upload contains the Datasets and code to generate the results of the article "Interaction network structure explains species temporal persistence in empirical plant-pollinator communities".</p><p>The database comprises two files containing the abundances of plants and pollinators, and one containing the interaction networks among plants and pollinators. </p><p>The code folder contains the code to generate the results, and to generate the figures of the manuscript. </p>
COI metabarcoding data from arthropod pollinator communities in burned and unburned sites of California
<p>Novel wildfire regimes are rapidly changing global ecosystems and pose significant challenges for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem management. In this study, we used DNA metabarcoding to assess the response of arthropod pollinator communities to large-scale wildfires across diverse habitat types in California. We sampled six reserves within the University of California Natural Reserve System (UCNRS), each of which was partially burned in the 2020 Lightning Complex wildfires in California. Using yellow pan traps to target pollinators, we collected arthropods from burned and unburned sites across multiple habitat types including oak woodland, redwood, scrub, chamise, grassland, forest, and serpentine habitats. We found no significant difference in alpha diversity values between burned and unburned sites; instead, seasonal variations played a significant role in arthropod community dynamics, with the emergence of plant species in Spring promoting increased pollinator richness at all sites. When comparing all sites, we found that burn status was not a significant grouping factor. Instead, compositional differences were largely explained by geographic differences, with distinct communities within each reserve. Within a geographic area, the response of arthropods to fire was dependent on habitat type. While communities in grasslands and oak woodlands exhibited recovery following burn, scrublands experienced substantial changes in community composition. Our study highlights the importance of examining community responses to wildfires across broad spatial scales and diverse habitat types. By understanding the nuanced dynamics of arthropod communities in response to fire disturbances, we can develop effective conservation strategies that promote resilience and maintain biodiversity in the face of increasing wildfire frequency and severity driven by climate change.</p>
Geographical variation of floral scents in generalist entomophilous species with variable pollinator communities
<p>This is the dataset used for the article: "<strong>Geographical variation of floral scents in generalist entomophilous species with variable pollinator communities</strong>" by de Manincor N. et al., 2021 published in Functional Ecology (https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13984)</p> <p>In this study we investigated the floral scent (Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs) variation of four perennial plant species, with generalist pollination, in two different environments: under natural condition (field) and controlled condition (greenhouse). The focal plant species are: <em>Anthyllis vulneraria</em> (AV), <em>Globularia vulgaris</em> (GV), <em>Pilosella officinarum</em> (PO) and <em>Ranunculus bulbosus</em> (RB).</p> <p>The dataset is composed by different files that have been used to investigate (1) variation of VOCs under natural condition (files "<strong>field</strong>"), (2) variation of VOCs under controlled condition (files "<strong>greenhouse</strong>"), (3) the effect of the reared condition and the role of phenotypic plasticity (field vs greenhouse, files "<strong>FvsGH</strong>") and (4) variation of the pollinator community associated with the four focal species (files "<strong>poll_</strong>" and (5) whether changes in floral scents in the field were associated to some variation in the pollinator communities (at the species level, using an RDA analysis, files "<strong>Pollinators-2017</strong>", "<strong>VOC-2017</strong>").</p> <p>We also provided two scripts: the script with an example to calculate VOCs variation, and the script for the RDA analysis.</p>
Genome-wide sequence data show no evidence of hybridization and introgression among pollinator wasps associated with a community of Panamanian strangler figs
<p>The specificity of pollinator host choice influences opportunities for reproductive isolation in their host plants. Similarly, host plants can influence opportunities for reproductive isolation in their pollinators. For example, in the fig and fig wasp mutualism, offspring of fig pollinator wasps mate inside the inflorescence that the mothers pollinate. Although often host specific, multiple fig pollinator species are sometimes associated with the same fig species, potentially enabling hybridization between wasp species. Here we study the 19 pollinator species (<em>Pegoscapus</em> spp.) associated with an entire community of 16 Panamanian strangler fig species (<em>Ficus</em> subgenus <em>Urostigma</em>, section <em>Americanae</em>) to determine whether the previously documented history of pollinator host switching and current host sharing predicts genetic admixture among the pollinator species, as has been observed in their host figs. Specifically, we use genome-wide ultraconserved element (UCE) loci to estimate phylogenetic relationships and test for hybridization and introgression among the pollinator species. In all cases, we recover well-delimited pollinator species that contain high interspecific divergence. Even among pairs of pollinator species that currently reproduce within syconia of shared host fig species, we found no evidence of hybridization or introgression. This is in contrast to their host figs, where hybridization and introgression have been detected within this community, and more generally, within figs worldwide. Consistent with general patterns recovered among other obligate pollination mutualisms (<em>e.g.</em>, yucca moths and yuccas), our results suggest that while hybridization and introgression are processes operating within the host plants, these processes are relatively unimportant within their associated insect pollinators.<br> </p>
Long-term experimental drought alters floral scent and pollinator visits in a Mediterranean plant community despite overall limited impacts on plant phenotype and reproduction
<p>Pollinators are declining globally, with climate change implicated as an important driver. Climate change can induce phenological shifts and reduce floral resources for pollinators, but little is known about its effects on floral attractiveness and how this might cascade to affect pollinators, pollination functions and plant fitness. We used an in situ long-term drought experiment to investigate multiple impacts of reduced precipitation in a natural Mediterranean shrubland, a habitat where climate change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of droughts. Focusing on three insect-pollinated plant species that provide abundant rewards and support a diversity of pollinators (<em>Cistus</em> <em>albidus</em>, <em>Salvia</em> <em>rosmarinus</em> and <em>Thymus</em> <em>vulgaris</em>), we investigated the effects of drought on a suite of floral traits including nectar production and floral scent. We also measured the impact of reduced rainfall on pollinator visits, fruit set and germination in <em>S</em>. <em>rosmarinus</em> and <em>C</em>. <em>albidus</em>. Drought altered floral emissions of all three plant species qualitatively, and reduced nectar production in <em>T</em>. <em>vulgaris</em> only. <em>Apis</em> <em>mellifera</em> and <em>Bombus</em> gr. <em>terrestris</em> visited more flowers in control plots than drought plots, while small wild bees visited more flowers in drought plots than control plots. Pollinator species richness did not differ significantly between treatments. Fruit set and seed set in <em>S. rosmarinus</em> and <em>C. albidus </em>did not differ significantly between control and drought plots, but seeds from drought plots had slower germination for <em>S. rosmarinus</em> and marginally lower germination success in <em>C. albidus</em>.</p> <p><em>Synthesis</em>. Overall, we found limited but consistent impacts of a moderate experimental drought on floral phenotype, plant reproduction and pollinator visits. Increased aridity under climate change is predicted to be stronger than the level assessed in the present study. Drought impacts will likely be stronger and this could profoundly affect the structure and functioning of plant-pollinator networks in Mediterranean ecosystems.</p>
BeeDNA: microfluidic environmental DNA metabarcoding as a tool for connecting plant and pollinator communities
<p><strong>Data repository accompanying the paper 'BeeDNA: microfluidic environmental DNA metabarcoding as a tool for connecting plant and pollinator communities' by Harper et al. (2021).</strong></p> <p><br> <strong>1_Raw_Data.zip</strong><br> This zipped folder contains the raw sequence data (sorted by primer set and demultiplexed) for both sequencing runs (2019-10-24 and 2019-11-11). To decompress each file, run: </p> <pre><code>tar -xvf filename.bz2</code></pre> <p>This will create a folder for each primer set containing the raw reads for each sample/control.</p> <p><br> <strong>2_Anacapa_Bioinformatic_Processing.zip</strong></p> <p>This zipped folder contains all files needed to perform bioinformatic processing with Anacapa. Please process sequence data belonging to each primer set individually (i.e. do not process sequence data belonging to different primer sets together).</p> <p><br> <strong>3_metaBEAT_Bioinformatic_Processing.zip </strong></p> <p>This zipped folder contains the scripts and files needed to perform bioinformatic processing with metaBEAT. Before running the scripts, move the raw reads for each sample belonging to each primer set into the dedicated folder within metaBEAT_Bioinformatic_Processing, e.g. all .fastq files in Raw_Data > BF1_BR1 should be moved to metaBEAT_Bioinformatic_Processing > BF1-BR1 > raw_reads.</p> <p>To run metaBEAT, you will have to install Docker on your computer. Docker is compatible with all major operating systems, but see the Docker documentation for details. On Ubuntu, installing Docker should be as easy as:</p> <pre><code>sudo apt-get install docker.io</code></pre> <p>Once Docker is installed, you can enter the environment by typing:</p> <pre><code>sudo docker run -i -t --net=host --name metaBEAT -v $(pwd):/home/working chrishah/metabeat /bin/bash</code></pre> <p>This will download the metaBEAT image (if not yet present on your computer) and enter the 'container', i.e. the self contained environment (NB: sudo may be necessary in some cases). With the above command, the container's directory /home/working will be mounted to your current working directory (as instructed by $(pwd)). In other words, anything you do in the container's /home/working directory will be synced with your current working directory on your local machine.</p> <p>Please process sequence data belonging to each primer set individually (i.e. do not process sequence data belonging to different primer sets together). An example of expected outputs can be seen in the Jupyter Notebook for the BF1/BR1 primer set from the 2019-11-11 sequencing run.</p> <p><br> <strong>4_Illinois_Invert_Reference_Database.zip</strong></p> <p>This zipped folder contains all files that were used to generate the custom COI and 16S reference databases for invertebrates that occur in Illinois, U.S. You will need to have metaBEAT installed (see above) before you try to run any Jupyter Notebooks (.ipynb files).</p> <p><br> <strong>5_ecoPCR.zip</strong></p> <p>This zipped folder contains all files used to perform ecoPCR for each primer set evaluated for microfluidic eDNA metabarcoding. You will need to <a href="https://git.metabarcoding.org/obitools/ecopcr/wikis/home">install ecoPCR</a> before running any shell scripts.</p> <p><br> <strong>6_Tidied_Data.zip</strong></p> <p>This zipped folder contains the taxonomically assigned data for both sequencing runs produced by metaBEAT and Anacapa. These were copied over from the folders 2_Anacapa_Bioinformatic_Processing and 3_metaBEAT_Bioinformatic_Processing and rearranged into a more logical order. These files are used as the input for data analysis using R.</p> <p><br> <strong>7_Data_Analysis.zip</strong></p> <p>This zipped folder contains all scripts and metadata required to summarise and statistically analyse data in R.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Please contact Dr Lynsey Harper (lynsey.harper2@gmail.com) or Dr Mark Davis (davis63@illinois.edu) if you encounter any issues!</strong></p>
Species-specific differences in bumblebee worker body size between elevations: Implications for pollinator community structure under climate change
<p>Code and dataset for manuscript titled "<span>Species-specific differences in bumblebee worker body size between elevations: Implications for pollinator community structure under climate change". Authors: Caterina Massa, Janneke Hille Ris Lambers, Sarah K. Richman. Manuscript accepted to Journal of Pollination Ecology in May 2024. All data collected and analyzed by the authors.<br></span></p>
Invasive predators affect community-wide pollinator visitation
<p>Disruption of plant-pollinator interactions by invasive predators is poorly understood but may pose a critical threat for native ecosystems. In a multi-year field experiment in Hawaiʻi, we suppressed abundances of globally invasive predators and then observed insect visitation to flowers of six native plant species. Three plant species are federally endangered (<i>Haplostachys haplostachya</i>, <i>Silene lanceolata</i>, <i>Tetramolopium arenarium</i>) and three are common throughout their range (<i>Bidens menziesii</i>, <i>Dubautia linearis</i>, <i>Sida fallax</i>). Insect visitors were primarily generalist pollinators, including taxa that occur worldwide such as solitary bees (e.g., <i>Lasioglossum impavidum</i>), social bees (e.g., <i>Apis mellifera</i>), and syrphid flies (e.g., <i>Allograpta exotica</i>). We found that suppressing invasive rats (<i>Rattus rattus</i>), mice (<i>Mus musculus</i>), ants (<i>Linepithema humile</i>, <i>Tapinoma melanocephalum</i>), and yellowjacket wasps (<i>Vespula pensylvanica</i>) had positive effects on pollinator visitation to plants in 16 of 19 significant predator-pollinator-plant interactions. We found only positive effects of suppressing rats and ants, and both positive and negative effects of suppressing mice and yellowjacket wasps, on frequency of interactions between pollinators and plants. Model results predicted that predator eradication could increase frequency of insect visitation to flowering species, in some cases by >90%. Previous results from the system showed that these flowering species produced significantly more seed when flowers were allowed to outcross than when flowers were bagged to exclude pollinators, indicating limited autogamy. Our findings highlight the potential benefits of suppression or eradication of invasive rodents, ants, and yellowjackets in order to reverse pollination disruption, particularly in locations with high numbers of at-risk plant species or already imperiled pollinator populations.</p>
Pollination success increases with plant diversity in high Andean communities
<p>Pollinator-mediated plant-plant interactions have traditionally been viewed within the competition paradigm. However, facilitation via pollinator sharing might be the rule rather than the exception in harsh environments. Moreover, plant diversity could be playing a key role in fostering pollinator-mediated facilitation. We examined a total of 9,371 stigmas of 88 species from nine high-Andean communities in NW Patagonia, and we explored the prevalent sign of the relation between conspecific pollen receipt and heterospecific pollen diversity, and assessed whether the incidence of different outcomes varies with altitude and whether pollen receipt relates to plant diversity.</p>
Sustained mangrove reproduction despite major turnover in pollinator community composition at expanding range edge
<p><strong>Background and Aims</strong></p> <p>How well plants reproduce near their geographic range edge can determine whether distributions will shift in response to changing climate. Reproduction at the range edge can be limiting if pollinator scarcity leads to pollen limitation, or if abiotic stressors affect allocation to reproduction. For many animal-pollinated plants with expanding ranges, the mechanisms by which they have overcome these barriers are poorly understood.</p> <p><strong>Methods </strong></p> <p>In this study, we examined plant-pollinator interactions hypothesized to impact reproduction of the black mangrove, <em>Avicennia germinans</em>, which is expanding northward in coastal Florida, USA. We monitored insects visiting <em>A. germinans</em> populations varying in proximity to the geographic range edge, measured the pollen loads of the most common insect taxa and pollen receipt by <em>A. germinans</em> stigmas, and quantified flower and propagule production. <strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Key Results</strong></p> <p>We found that despite an 84% decline in median floral visits by insects at northernmost vs. southernmost sites, range-edge pollen receipt remained high. Notably, local floral visitor assemblages exhibited substantial turnover along the study's latitudinal gradient, with large-bodied bees and hover flies increasingly common at northern sites. We also observed elevated flower production in northern populations and higher per capita reproductive output at the range edge. Furthermore, mean propagule mass in northern populations was 18% larger than propagules from the southernmost populations. <strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p> <p>These findings reveal no erosion of fecundity in <em>A. germinans</em> populations at range limits, allowing rapid expansion of mangrove cover in the region. These results also illustrate that substantial turnover in the assemblage of flower-visiting insects can occur at an expanding range edge without altering pollen receipt.</p>
Invasive predators affect community-wide pollinator visitation
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Sharing pollinators and pollen-associated viruses: understanding the diversity of the pollen virome within a co-flowering community
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