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79 results for “polytypism”
Increasing N content in GaNAsP nanowires suppresses the impact of polytypism on luminescence
<p>Cathodoluminescence (CL) and micro-photoluminescence spectroscopies are employed to investigate effects of structural defects on carrier recombination in GaNAsP nanowires (NWs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si substrates. In the NWs with a low N content of 0.08%, these defects are found to promote non-radiative (NR) recombination, which causes spatial variation of the CL peak position and its intensity. Unexpectedly, these detrimental effects can be suppressed even by a small increase in the nitrogen composition from 0.08% to 0.12%. This is attributed to more efficient trapping of excited carriers/excitons to the localized states promoted by N-induced localization and also the presence of other NR channels. At room temperature, the structural defects no longer dominate in carrier recombination even in the NWs with the lower nitrogen content, likely due to increasing importance of other recombination channels. Our work underlines the need in eliminating important thermally activated NR defects, other than the structural defects, for future optoelectronic applications of these NWs.</p>
Figs 199‒204 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 199‒204. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Melanobombus von Dalla Torre, 1880 from the dorsal aspect, anterior at the bottom of the image, posterior at the top. 199. Bombus alagesianus Reinig, 1930 stat. rev., Georgia. 200. B. tibeticus sp. nov., China-Qinghai. 201. B. incertoides Vogt, 1911 stat. rev., Mongolia. 202. B. qilianensis sp. nov., China-Qinghai. 203. B. keriensis Morawitz, 1887, India-Kashmir. 204. B. separandus Vogt, 1909 stat. rev., Kyrgyzstan. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Figs 209–210 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 209–210. Images of queens of two cryptic species from around the western Qinghai-Tibetan plateau. 209. Bombus keriensis Morawitz, 1887 from Mt Apharwat (4000 m a.s.l.) in the Pir Panjal mountains (ML405). 210. B. separandus Vogt, 1909 stat. rev. from Nimaling plain (4800 m a.s.l.) in the Zanskar mountains (ML311). Viewed from the left lateral aspect.
Figs 12‒13 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 12‒13. Maps of sequenced samples. 12. The rufipes-group and festivus-group. 13. The rufofasciatus- group as recognised as species from the UHF-PTP analysis in Fig. 10. Keys to the coloured symbols are shown on the left (in some cases symbols on the map for one species may overlie symbols for another). Maps projected onto a sphere in ArcGIS using World_Shaded_Relief basemap © 2014 ESRI and showing boundaries between countries as recognised by the UN.
Figs 25–63 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 25–63. Simplified diagrams for the colour patterns of the hair on the dorsum for the species from the integrative analysis. The dorsum is divided into regions, each of which shows only the predominant or most apparent colour for that region using a simplified colour palette, with olive indicating a mixture of black and yellow hair, and grey indicating a mixture of black and white hair. The rufipes-group. 25. Queen, China-Taiwan. 26. Queen, China-Guangdong. 27. Worker, China-Sichuan. 28. Worker, Thailand. 29. Queen, Nepal. 30. Male, China-Sichuan. 31. Male, China-Sichuan. 32. Male, Thailand. 33. Male, Nepal. 34. Male, Nepal. 35. Queen, Indonesia-Sumatra. 36. Queen, Indonesia-Java. 37. Male, Indonesia-Java. The festivus-group. 38. Queen, Nepal. 39. Queen, China-Sichuan. 40. Worker, ChinaSichuan. 41. Worker, China-Xizang. 42. Worker, China-Yunnan. 43. Male, Nepal. 44. Male, ChinaYunnan. 45. Male, China-Yunnan. The rufofasciatus-group. 46. Queen, India-Kashmir. 47. Worker, India-Kashmir. 48. Male, India-Kashmir. 49. Male, India-Kashmir. 50. Queen, India-Arunachal Pradesh. 51. Queen, Bhutan. 52. Worker, Bhutan. 53. Worker, Bhutan. 54. Male, Bhutan. 55. Queen, India-Kashmir. 56. Queen, India-Kashmir. 57. Worker, India-Kashmir. 58. Worker, India-Kashmir. 59. Worker, IndiaKashmir. 60. Worker, Pakistan. 61. Male, India-Kashmir. 62. Male, India-Kashmir. 63. Male, Nepal.
Figs 17–20 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 17–20. Plots of (y-axis) pairwise proportion of genetic divergence between COI barcode region sequences against (x-axis) pairwise Great Circle geographical distance in km between sample sites with linear trend lines (black). 17. Genetic divergences within the candidate species for the sichelii-complex identified using Bayesian UF-PTP (Mantel r = 0.52). 18. Genetic divergences among the candidate species for the sichelii-complex identified using Bayesian UF-PTP (Mantel r = 0.21). 19. Genetic divergences within the candidate species for the keriensis-complex identified using Bayesian UF-PTP (Mantel r = 0.16). 20. Genetic divergences among the candidate species for the keriensis-complex identified using Bayesian UF-PTP (relationship not positive). For details of the measurements see the
Figs 103–138 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 103–138. Simplified diagrams for the colour patterns of the hair on the dorsum for the species from the integrative analysis. The dorsum is divided into regions, each of which shows only the predominant or most apparent colour for that region using a simplified colour palette, with olive indicating a mixture of black and yellow hair, and grey indicating a mixture of black and white hair. The tanguticus-group. 103. Worker, China-Qinghai. 104. Worker, China-Qinghai. 105. Queen, China-Qinghai. 106. Queen, China-Xizang. 107. Queen, India-Kashmir. The lapidarius-group. 108. Queen, Russia-North Ossetia. 109. Worker, Azerbaijan. 110. Queen, Georgia. 111. Male, Russia-North Ossetia. 112. Male, Russia-North Ossetia. 113. Male, Russia-North Ossetia. 114. Male, Turkey. 115. Queen, Morocco. 116. Queen, Spain. 117. Queen, Spain. 118. Queen, UK. 119. Male, Spain. 120. Male, Spain. 121. Male, UK. 122. Male, UK. The sichelii-group. 123. Queen, Iran. 124. Male, Iran. 125. Queen, India-Kashmir. 126. Queen, IndiaKashmir. 127. Male, India-Kashmir. 128. Male, India-Kashmir. 129. Queen, Iran. 130. Queen, RussiaSakha. 131. Queen, China-Sichuan. 132. Worker, China-Sichuan. 133. Queen, Mongolia. 134. Worker, Mongolia. 135. Queen, Spain. 136. Worker, Austria. 137. Male, Turkey. 138. Male, Mongolia.
Figs 207–208 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 207–208. Images of holotype workers of two new cryptic species from around the eastern QinghaiTibetan plateau. 207. Bombus tibeticus sp. nov. from near the Kunlun pass (3970 m a.s.l.) in the Kunlun mountains (ML228). 208. B. qilianensis sp. nov. from Qushiang (3370 m a.s.l.) in the Burhan Budai mountains (ML306). Viewed from the left lateral aspect.
Figs 190‒198 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 190‒198. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Melanobombus von Dalla Torre, 1880 from the dorsal aspect, anterior at the bottom of the image, posterior at the top. 190. Bombus friseanus Skorikov, 1933, China-Yunnan. 191. B pyrosoma Morawitz, 1890, ChinaBeijing. 192. B. formosellus (Frison, 1934), China-Taiwan. 193. B. eriophorus Klug, 1807, RussiaNorth Ossetia. 194. B. lapidarius (Linnaeus, 1758), UK. 195. B. incertus Morawitz, 1881, Turkey. 196. B. semenoviaus (Skorikov, 1914), India-Kashmir. 197. B. sichelii Radoszkowski, 1859, Austria. 198. B. ladakhensis Richards, 1928, China-Sichuan. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Figs 205–206 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 205–206. Maps of all available global records with all of the specimens examined and confirmed here. 205. Bombus richardsiellus (Tkalců, 1968). 206. B. tanguticus Morawitz, 1887. Relief map with hill shading for the region centred on Tibet with (grey lines) borders to national administration as in UN maps. Image created in ArcGIS using World_Shaded_Relief basemap © 2014 Esri.
Fig. 23. Diagram representing a in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Fig. 23. Diagram representing a corridor-dispersal model, encompassing a set of the short-distance dispersal events permitted (in either direction) between the areas defined in Table 5, based on their geographical proximity and the likely disposition of corridors with suitable habitat and favourable climates in the past.
Fig. 8 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Fig. 8. Numbers of candidate species from example Poisson-tree-process (PTP) analyses using either unfiltered (UF) or with unique haplotype filtering (UHF) from MrBayes trees from COI barcodes (y-axis) as sample sizes of selected barcoded individuals increased through time (x-axis). All analyses were rerun retrospectively with the same outgroup and model settings (see text). PTP analyses using highest Bayesian support values to fit the models (error bars for 95% confidence intervals from PTP analyses).
Figs 211–212 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Figs 211–212. Maps of sequenced samples showing the most frequent colour patterns locally. 211. The sichelii-complex, consisting of the single polytypic species B. sichelii Radoszkowski, 1859 (inset: B. sichelii worker, China-Neimenggu, photo PW). 212. The keriensis-complex, consisting of B. alagesianus Reinig, 1930 stat. rev. (blue spots), B. tibeticus sp. nov. (dark green spots), B. incertoides Vogt, 1911 stat. rev. (light green spots), B. qilianensis sp. nov. (yellow spots), B. keriensis Morawitz, 1887 (orange spots), and B. separandus Vogt, 1909 stat. rev. (red spots) (inset: B.qilianensis sp. nov. queen, China-Sichuan, photo PW). Maps projected onto a sphere in ArcGIS using World_Shaded_Relief basemap © 2014 ESRI and showing boundaries between countries as recognised by the UN.
Fig. 22 in Widespread polytypic species or complexes of local species? Revising bumblebees of the subgenus Melanobombus world-wide (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Bombus)
Fig. 22. Most likely dated phylogenetic (ultrametric) tree for the species of the subgenus Melanobombus reconstructed von Dalla Torre, 1880 with *BEAST from trees for four genes (COI, 16S, PEPCK, opsin) with B. nobilis Friese, 1905 as the outgroup (not shown), estimated as the maximum-clade-credibility tree among a sample of 10 000 species trees with a 1% burn-in out of 100 million MCMC trees. Values above the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing support for groups. Values below the nodes are estimated dates of divergence in Ma (millions of years before the present) calibrated from a molecular estimate for the date of crown divergence within the subgenus Melanobombus. Grey bars show the 95% confidence limits on the estimated dates of divergence. Species groups discussed in the text are labelled in circles: rp = rufipes-group; fs = festivus-group; rf = rufofasciatus-group; tg = tanguticus-group; la = lapidarius-group; si = sichelii-group; and ke = keriensis-group.
Supporting dataset -A for "Crystallization of FAPbI3: polytypes and stacking faults"
<p>This dataset contains</p> <ol> <li>XYZ trajectories of 2H-polytype-3R phase phase transition for 1296 atoms and 1728 atom suspercell of FAPbI3</li> <li>Predicted polytypes and their mixtures from MD simulations, for example 12H polytype of FAPbI3</li> </ol>
Resolving higher-level phylogenetic networks with repeated hybridization in a complex of polytypic salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus)
<p><span>Repeated hybridization between incipient lineages is a common feature of ecological speciation and ecomorphological diversification. However, computational constraints currently limit our ability to reconstruct network radiations from gene-tree data. Available methods are limited to level-1 networks wherein reticulations do not share edges, and higher-level networks may be non-identifiable in many cases. We present a heuristic method to recover information from higher-level networks across a range of potentially identifiable empirical scenarios, supported by a theorem and success in simulated data. When extrinsic information indicating the location and direction of recent or ancestral hybridization events is available, our method can yield successful estimates of non-level-1 networks, or at least a reduced possible set thereof. We apply this technique to the Pisgah clade of <em>Desmognathus</em> salamanders, which contains four to seven species exhibiting two discrete phenotypes, aquatic "shovel-nosed" and semi-aquatic "black-bellied" forms in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States. Phylogenomic data strongly support a single backbone topology with up to five overlapping hybrid edges. These results suggest an unusual mechanism of ecomorphological hybrid speciation, wherein a binary threshold trait causes hybrids to shift between two microhabitat niches, promoting ecological divergence between sympatric hybrids and parentals. This contrasts with other well-known systems in which hybrids exhibit intermediate, novel, or transgressive phenotypes. Geographically proximate populations of both phenotypes exhibit admixture, and at least two black-bellied lineages have been produced via reticulations between shovel-nosed parentals, suggesting complex transmission dynamics. The genetic basis of these phenotypes is unclear and further data are needed to clarify the nature of selection and speciation in the group. </span></p>
Probing enhanced superconductivity in van der Waals polytypes of V$_x$TaS$_2$
<p>Data associated with the publication "Probing Enhanced Superconductivity in van der Waals Polytypes of V$_x$TaS$_2$".</p> <p>The content and details are outlined in the README file.</p>
Resolving higher-level phylogenetic networks with repeated hybridization in a complex of polytypic salamanders (Plethodontidae: Desmognathus)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Is the Danube crested newt Triturus dobrogicus polytypic? A review and new nuclear DNA data
The Danube crested newt Triturus dobrogicus has been proposed to comprise two subspecies: T. d. dobrogicus and T. d. macrosoma. Uncertainty exists in the literature over their distribution and diagnosability. We conduct a multilocus phylogeographical survey and review published data to determine whether a two taxon treatment is warranted. Newly produced and published nuclear DNA data suggest intraspecific variation in the Pannonian Plain part of the range, but with extensive genetic admixture, whereas mitochondrial DNA data shows a lack of geographical structuring in T. dobrogicus altogether. None of the studied morphological characters suggest the presence of two geographical groups in T. dobrogicus unequivocally. Although Danube Delta newts do have relatively short bodies compared to the remainder of the range (the Pannonian and Lower Danube Plains and the Dnepr Delta), we argue that this finding can be explained by phenotypic plasticity – particularly in light of the incongruent evolutionary scenario suggested by genetic data. We conclude that the total body of evidence does not support the two subspecies hypothesis and recommend that T. dobrogicus is treated as a monotypic species.
FIGURE 4 in A new polytypic species of the genus Uromastyx MERREM 1820 (Reptilia: Squamata: Agamidae: Leiolepidinae) from southwestern Arabia
FIGURE 4. Distribution of Uromastyx yemenensis. U. y. shobraki: 1 AlMukha; 2 Taizz; 3 Zabid. U. y. yemenensis: 1 Lahij; 2 50 mls of Aden; 3 Zinjibar; 4 AbianArea / AbianMountains; 5 Lawdar. U. benti: 1 Azzan; 2 AlMukalla; 3 Vicinity of Mirbat (Oman).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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