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51 results for “porewater”
Porewater chemistry measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx)
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) is a large-scale field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Response measurements include porewater chemistry, specifically concentrations of chloride, sulfate, sulfide, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, and pH. Samples of source water were taken after collection (seawater, river water) or mixing (mixed seawater and river water in tanks) and analyzed for concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen. Source water samples from 2016 and beyond also included measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), carbon:nitrogen ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, chloride and sulfate.
Decomposition, porewater, plant and animal collection, and soil temperature data in Airport Marsh, Sapelo Island, 7/2019-7/2020
Environmental gradients can affect organic matter decay within and across wetlands and contribute to spatial heterogeneity in soil carbon stocks. We tested the sensitivity of decay rates to tidal flooding and soil depth in a minerogenic salt marsh using the tea bag index (TBI). Tea bags were buried at 10- and 50- cm along transects sited at lower, middle, and higher elevations that paralleled a headward eroding tidal creek. Plant and animal communities and soil properties were characterized once while replicate tea bags and porewaters were collected 3 and 4 times respectively over one year.
Water column and sediment porewater nutrient concentrations from lagoon, river, and ocean sites along the Alaska Beaufort Sea coast, 2018-ongoing
Several water types (lagoon, river, ocean) and surface sediment porewater samples from the coastal Beaufort Sea system were sampled seasonally to investigate temporal and spatial shifts in nutrient dynamics. Surface and bottom water samples were collected in April, June, July, and August and analyzed for ammonium, nitrate + nitrite, orthophosphate, and silica.
Daily porewater salinity, conductivity, and temperature measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) is a large-scale field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. Six porewater well samples were collected four days per week from six treatment plots using a peristalsis pump. Salinity and conductivity were measured from the samples using a handheld conductivity/salinity meter. In addition, water delivery treatments were conducted four days per week after porewater samples were collected.
Porewater nutrient concentrations in control and fertilized plots in a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh, North Inlet, Georgetown, SC : 1993-2025
Porewater nutrient concentrations were measured as a component of a long-term project seeking to understand how salt marsh primary production and sediment chemistry respond to anthropogenic (e.g. eutrophication) and natural (e.g. sea-level rise) environmental change. Feedbacks between plants, sediments, nutrients and flooding were investigated with particular attention to mechanisms that keep marshes in equilibrium with sea level. Other data collected as part of the project include aboveground macrophyte biomass, plant density, marsh surface elevation and annual above ground primary productivity. These data have been used to develop the Marsh Equilibrium Model, an important tool for coastal resource managers. Sampling occurred at Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh sites in North Inlet, a relatively pristine estuary near Georgetown, SC on the SE coast of the United States. North Inlet is a tidally-dominated, bar-built estuary, with a semi-diurnal mixed tide and a tidal range of 1.4m. The 25-km2 estuary is comprised of about 20.5 km2 of intertidal salt marsh and mudflats, and 4.5 km2 of open water. Sampling began at two locations in December 1993, and at three additional locations in January 1994. Sampling occurred approximately monthly at these 5 locations through 2025. Sampling occurred at a sixth location from 2006 to 2010. The site was a dieback site that had recovered by 2010. At the other sites, the study is on-going. Porewater was collected at multiple depths from diffusion samplers and was analyzed for sulfide, salinity, ammonium, phosphate, and iron concentrations. There are five sampling locations at three sites. Two locations are in the low marsh; three locations are in the high marsh. One high marsh location had control sampling plots in addition to plots fertilized with nitrogen and phosphorus.
Water Quality Data (Porewater) from the Shark River Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, January 2001 - ongoing
Porewater samples are collected at Florida Coastal Everglades Long Term Ecological Research (FCE LTER) Program Shark River Slough sites SRS1b (not active), SRS1c (not active), SRS1d, SRS2, and SRS3 within the 1 m^2 aboveground sawgrass nondestructive biomass plots. Airstones connected to Tygon tubing are inserted 10-15 cm below the soil surface. Biannually during the wet season, Monoject 140cc syringes are used to collect at least 80 mL of porewater sample and after collection they are immediately placed in an ice filled cooler. The lab processing of these samples include salinity measurements using a YSI, and filtering the sample through a filter (Whatman GF/F from 2000 to 2017 and Whatman polydisc GW from 2017 to present) . Samples are analyzed for inorganic nutrients such as NO2-,NO3-,NH4+,SRP, and DOC. Dissolved nutrients are measured using standard rapid flow analyzer (RFA) techniques and DOC is quantified on a Shimadzu TOC Analyzer.
Water Levels and Porewater Temperature data from the Shark River and Taylor River Slough mangrove sites, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA: May 2001 - ongoing
Water levels for SRS4 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m inland at Tarpon Bay. Water levels for SRS5 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m at the Shark River Slough. Water levels for SRS6 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m at the Shark River Slough. Water levels for SRS7 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m at the Shark River Slough. Water levels for TS/Ph6a are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 80 m inland at the Taylor River Slough. Water level recorder is located in between of two 20 by 20 m permanent monitoring plots. Water levels for TS/Ph7a are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forest approximately 60 m inland at the Taylor River Slough. Water level recorder is located in between of two 20 by 20 m permanent monitoring plots. Water levels for TS/Ph8 are recorded at 1h intervals. Water level recorder is located in the mangrove forests 40 m inland at the Joe Bay area. Water level recorder is located in between of two 20 by 20 m permanent monitoring plots. All water level data are measured by Florida International University.
Quarterly porewater salinity and conductivity measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) Project
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) is a large-scale field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. Thirty porewater well samples were collected every 2-3 months from all 30 treatment plots using a peristalsis pump. Salinity, conductivity and water temperature were measured from the samples using a handheld conductivity/salinity meter.
Porewater measurements of dissolved nutrients (ammonia, nitrate/nitrite, phosphate) from core monitoring sites in the GCE-LTER domain following hurricane Irma from October 2017 to October 2018.
To access the effect of hurricane Irma on the GCE domain, porewater samples were collected to evaluate porewater nutrient concentrations at four core GCE monitoring sites (7, 8, 9 and 11). A limited number of samples were collected in October 2017 (a month after the storm surge from hurricane Irma hit the east coast of the United States) and then all sites were sampled in Nov 2017 and in Jan, Feb, Apr and Oct 2018. Porewater samples were obtained from approximately 10 cm depth using Rhizon samplers and then analyzed for ammonium, nitrate + nitrite, and phosphate concentrations.
Porewater chemistry measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) from July 2017 through July 2019.
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) is a large-scale field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Response measurements include porewater chemistry, specifically concentrations of chloride, sulfate, sulfide, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, and pH. Samples of source water were taken after collection (seawater, river water) or mixing (mixed seawater and river water in tanks) and analyzed for concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen. Source water samples from 2016 and beyond also included measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), carbon:nitrogen ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, chloride and sulfate.
Porewater nutrient concentrations from control plots and fertilized plots at Spartina alterniflora, S.patens and Typha sp. marshes, Plum Island Ecosystem LTER, MA (1999-2025).
Porewater samples from five marsh locations in the Plum Island Ecosystems (PIE) LTER site were collected and analyzed for salinity as well as ammonium, phosphate, sulfide and chloride concentrations throughout the growing season. Three sites (a Typha-dominated brackish marsh, a Spartina alterniflora-dominated salt marsh, and a S. patens-dominated salt marsh) are part of a long term study, and include fertilized and non-fertilized sample plots. Two additional, non-fertilized marsh sites, are located on Nelson Island, near Stackyard Road within the Parker River National Wildlife Refuge.
PIE LTER marsh sediment porewater nutrient concentrations from Spartina sp. and Typha sp. sites along the Parker River and Rowley River, MA.
Marsh sediment porewater nutrient concentrations [NH4+, NO3-, DOC, TDN, H2S] and salinity are reported from Spartina sp. and Typha sp. sites along the Parker and Rowley Rivers, MA. Porewater peeper poles are used for collection and the poles are located in the vicinity of the marsh water table sites for the Railroad, Typha, Shad and Nelson sites.
Sediment porewater salinity and moisture at runnel restoration sites in SE Massachusetts from 2020 - 2022.
Natural disturbances, sea level rise, and historic human impacts to salt marshes have increased impounded water on marsh surfaces, resulting in vegetation loss and the associated loss of important ecosystem services. Runnels are a climate adaptation technique designed to restore salt marsh habitat by reestablishing a tidal connection between impounded water and a nearby drainage feature. Porewater salinity and moisture content are two sediment characteristics that could potentially be altered by panne formation and runneling, which could impact rates of carbon decomposition. We installed runnels in two marshes in SE Massachusetts in 2020, and monitored salinity and moisture content changes for two years (2021-2022).
Marcell Experimental Forest porewater chemistry at the S2 catchment, 2009 - ongoing
This data set reports surface and porewater chemistry from the bog and lagg of the S2 peatland at the Marcell Experimental Forest (MEF) in Itasca County, Minnesota. Lagg porewaters have been collected weekly from shallow depth samplers (0-10 cm) at two sites, 2009 to ongoing. Bog porewaters have been collected weekly or biweekly from shallow depth samplers (0-10 cm) at three sites from 2010 to ongoing. Bog waters have been collected monthly at multiple depths (0, 30, 50, 100, and ~200 cm) at three piezometers nests from 2014 to ongoing. Lagg and bog surface or porewaters were synoptically collected from up to 40 and 13 sites (0-10 cm depth), respectively, multiple times from 2009 to 2014. Samples have never been collected when samplers were frozen (typically November to May). Samples are measured for pH, specific conductivity, anions (chloride, sulfate), cations (calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, aluminum, iron, manganese, strontium), silicon, nutrients (ammonium, nitrate, soluble reactive phosphorus, total nitrogen, total phosphorus), and total organic carbon. Ferrous and ferric iron concentrations have been measured for some but not all samples. Water isotopes have also been measured for some but not all samples. The MEF is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
Abiotic monitoring of physical characteristics in porewaters and surface waters of mangrove forests from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), South Florida, USA, December 2000 - ongoing
Data on porewater salinity, temperature, conductivity, pH and redox have been collected to help explain patterns found in porewater nutrient concentrations that were sampled in the same plots. See knb-lter-fce.1171 (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-fce&identifier=1171) for related porewater-nutrient-concentration data.
Monitoring of nutrient and sulfide concentrations in porewaters of mangrove forests from the Shark River Slough and Taylor Slough, Everglades National Park (FCE LTER), Florida, USA, December 2000 - ongoing
To monitor soil chemistry in the mangrove sites SRS4, SRS5, SRS6, and SRS7, and TS/Ph6b, TS/Ph7b and TS/Ph8, porewater concentrations of sulfide, PO4, NH4, NO2 and NO3 have been analyzed. See also related porewater-physical-characteristics data package knb-lter-fce.1169 (https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-fce&identifier=1169).
Mangrove soil phosphorus addition experiment from June 2013 to August 2013 at the mangrove peat soil mesocosms (FCE), Key Largo, Florida - Nutrients in Porewater, Soil and Roots
Sea levels in South Florida are conservatively predicted to rise by 0.60 m by 2060. The key mechanisms that maintain coastal peatland elevation against increasing sea level are organic matter accumulation via plant production and mineral sedimentation rates (Smoak et al. 2013). Although coastal mangrove soils are regularly inundated with seawater, little is know about the drivers of carbon sequestration (above or below ground) versus atmospheric efflux under different conditions of salinity and elevated phosphorus (P) associated with sea-level rise and storm surge. A recent study using mangrove peat soils found that seawater inundation reduced soil carbon efflux losses and salinity concentration had little effect on carbon retention or loss pathways. The next logical steps are to understand how plant-soil interactions affect above and below ground carbon processes, as well as how increases in P associated with storm surge from the Gulf of Mexico will influence physical, chemical and biological components of mangrove soils that are associated with above and belowground carbon processes. We will manipulate P in inundated peat soil mesocosms with disturbed and undisturbed red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) seedlings to identify some of the fundamental mechanisms of soil elevation and carbon cycling given expected increases in seawater-based P availability in South Florida coastal mangroves.
Field survey of mangrove regeneration, porewater variables, and light in mangrove forests in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA, July 2020 - August 2022
This dataset package encompasses measurements from field surveys of mangrove regeneration, porewater variables, and light conditions across six mangrove sites in the coastal Everglades. The goal of this project was to quantify mangrove regeneration of seedlings and saplings in mid- and downstream locations within three estuaries in Everglades National Park, Florida, USA. We assessed the effects of porewater variables and light conditions on the observed regeneration patterns. The package includes seven datasets: FCE1268_Porewater: Contains measurements of porewater salinity, sulfide, ammonia, nitrite, orthophosphate, and nitrate at a 30 cm depth. Porewater surveys were conducted biannually from 09-10-2020 to 05-17-2022. See also similar porewater data for Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE) long-term sites in data packages knb-lter-fce.1169 and knb-lter-fce.1171, which contain data for SRS-5 and SRS-6, available in the FCE LTER website's data catalog or the EDI repository. FCE1268_Foliar_Nutrient_Content dataset, collected in August 2022, includes measurements of foliar nutrient content (total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus) for three mangrove species (A. germinans, L. racemosa, R. mangle) of two life stages—seedlings (height < 1 m) and saplings (height ≥ 1 m and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) < 2.5 cm). FCE1268_Light contains light intensity (foot-candle) measurements taken at 1-hour intervals from 09-18-2020 to 08-29-2022 at mangrove sites and converted photosynthetic active radiation values from an outdoor mesocosm experiment. FCE1268_Sapling_Density provides biannual count measurements of individuals at the sapling plot level (4 m^-2) within each site from 07-09-2020 to 08-29-2022. FCE1268_Seedling_Density contains biannual count measurements of individuals at the seedling plot level (m^-2) within each site from 07-07-2020 to 08-29-2022. FCE1268_Sapling_Regeneration contains height, crown area, and stem elongation measurements of tagged sapling indiv
Porewater nutrients, dissolved organics, redox species, and gasses in estuarine intertidal sediments at sites on Sapelo Island and near the Satilla River from Fall 2000 through Fall 2002
Seasonal patterns of estuarine creek-bank sediment porewater nutrients, dissolved organics, redox species and gasses were investigated at several sites on Sapelo Island and the Satilla River in coastal Georgia. Porewater ammonium, nitrate+nitrite, phosphate, silica, dissolved organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, reduced iron and manganese, chloride, sulfate, hydrogen sulfide, pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, methane and nitrogen gas were measured at centimeter scale resolution depth profiles with the use of porewater equilibration meters. Several relatively pristine sites on Sapelo Island (Moses Hammock, Dean Creek and Marine Institute), a site slightly impacted by development (White Oak Creek) and a presumably heavily impacted site (Dover Bluff) show different levels and patterns of several porewater constituents.
Surface and porewater chemistry and sulfur stable isotpes for alpine and subalpine wetland sites, 2021.
To understand patterns in aqueous biogeochemistry of wetlands at Niwot Ridge, samples were collected and analyzed for dissolved anions and stable isotopes of sulfur in 2021. Samples were collected from eight wetland sites representing three wetland types, from the Saddle into the subalpine. At each site, tension lysimeters were placed at visible surface inflow and outflow paths to collect porewater. Water samples were collected from the tension lysimeters and surface pools during four time points through the summer season. Water samples were measured for a suite of dissolved anions using ion chromatography, including dissolved chloride, nitrate, and sulfate. Samples were also measured for dissolved organic carbon. Sulfur from one surface water sample from each site at each time point was precipitated as barium sulfate, and precipitations were analyzed for stable sulfur isotope ratio (δ^34S-SO4^2-) at the Center for Stable Isotope Biogeochemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. Data was used in conjunction with soil biogeochemistry data from 2020 to evaluate patterns in reactants among wetland types.
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