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96 results for “positive feedback”
Faa1 membrane binding drives positive feedback in autophagosome biogenesis via fatty acid activation
<p>Autophagy serves as a stress response pathway by mediating the degradation of cellular material within lysosomes. In autophagy, this material is encapsulated in double-membrane vesicles termed autophagosomes, which form from precursors referred to as phagophores. Phagophores grow by lipid influx from the endoplasmic reticulum into Atg9-positive compartments and local lipid synthesis provides lipids for their expansion. How phagophore nucleation and expansion are coordinated with lipid synthesis is unclear. Here, we show that Faa1, an enzyme activating fatty acids, is recruited to Atg9 vesicles by directly binding to negatively charged membranes with a preference for phosphoinositides such as PI3P and PI4P. We define the membrane-binding surface of Faa1 and show that its direct interaction with the membrane is required for its recruitment to phagophores. Furthermore, the physiological localization of Faa1 is key for its efficient catalysis and promotes phagophore expansion. Our results suggest a positive feedback loop coupling phagophore nucleation and expansion to lipid synthesis.</p>
Figure1. Static stimulation of a single TCR- The kinetic proofreading by the receptor on input x Є X forwards the receptor position p toward l. The receptor will generate negative feedback if p > β. The receptor will generate success signal when p== l.-AIDEN: A Density Conscious Artificial Immune System for Automatic Discovery of Arbitrary Shape Clusters in Spatial Patterns
<p>A TCR at position p is stimulated if rp (x) - rn(x) > l. Figure 1 depicts this process. When a T<br> Cell receives stimulations on more than k receptors, it generates activation signal to a B Cell, as<br> represented in Figure2.</p>
Data from: Mycorrhizal feedbacks generate positive frequency dependence accelerating grassland succession
1. Plant mutualists including arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been postulated as being important drivers of plant community diversity and succession. Late successional plants have been shown to be more responsive to AM fungi and more sensitive to AM fungal species identity, which could generate positive feedback and potentially accelerate succession. 2. We test the effect of AM fungi on plant diversity and on frequency dependence predicted by positive plant‐AM fungi feedback across a successional gradient. We created prairie mesocosms comprised of a majority early‐successional, equal abundance and a majority late successional plant species. We inoculated these mesocosms and a field restoration experiment with 14 different communities of AM fungi from late successional prairies that varied in levels of species richness. 3. Overall, we found that AM fungi increased plant diversity and this was driven by the response of late successional plant species to mycorrhizae. Our results indicate that AM fungal composition is more important than AM fungal diversity per se. We found that the effect of inoculation with a single species or groups of AM fungi depended on whether those fungi benefited late successional plant species. Early successional plants consistently exhibited negative frequency dependent growth regardless of fungal composition, while late successional plants demonstrated positive frequency dependent growth in our mesocosms—but only in the presence of beneficial AM fungal species. These results are consistent with positive plant‐mycorrhizal feedbacks accelerating plant community successional trajectories once late successional plants establish. Mesocosm results were mirrored with field inoculation assays where we found that beneficial AM fungi facilitated late successional plant establishment. 4. Synthesis. Our results provide support for beneficial AM fungi being a primary mechanism for positive plant‐soil feedback driving plant community succession, as late successional seedlings grew faster and larger when their neighbors were also late successional plant species when they were associated with beneficial AM fungi. We found that this positive feedback thereby accelerated succession in mesocosms and in the field.
Main output data used in "Coupling the regional climate MAR model with the ice sheet model PISM mitigates the melt-elevation positive feedback" (Delhasse et al., 2024)
<p>Outputs used in:</p> <p><em>Delhasse, A., Beckmann, J., Kittel, C., and Fettweis, X.: Coupling MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) with PISM (Parallel Ice Sheet Model) mitigates the positive melt–elevation feedback, The Cryosphere, 18, 633–651, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-633-2024, 2024.</em></p> <p>MAR-PISM coupling experiments outputs over 1991-2200. The main experiments are:</p> <ul> <li>MAPI-2w: 2-way coupling, consideration <em>online</em> of the melt-elevation feedback (evolving topography in MAR).</li> <li>MAPI-1w: 1-way coupling, consideration of the melt-elevation feedback only with the <em>offline</em> correction (Franco <em>et al.</em>, 2012) of the MAR outputs (fixed topography in MAR).</li> <li>MAPI-0w: 0-way coupling, no consideration of the melt-elevation feedback (fixed topography in MAR and no correction during interpolation).</li> </ul> <p>MAR files contain yearly SMB (surface mass balance) and ST (surface temperature) interpolated (with correction) on the PISM-4.5km grid. Gradients used for the correction of the melt-elevation feedback are also given for both variables. SMB and ST are the two required MAR fields to couple MAR with PISM. </p> <p>PISM files contain yearly ice thickness (THK) and ice mask (MASK) as simulated by PISM for each of the three experiments. </p> <p>The MAR code used in this dataset is tagged as v3.11.3 on https://gitlab.com/Mar-Group/MARv3# (last access: 23 January 2024) (MARTeam, 2024). The PISM code used is tagged as PISMv1.2.2 on <a href="https://github.com/pism/pism/releases/tag/v1.2.2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/pism/pism/releases/tag/v1.2.2</a> (last access: 23 January 2024). Other coupling scripts are also available upon request by email (<a href="mailto:alison.delhasse@uliege.be" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">alison.delhasse@uliege.be</a>).</p> <p>If you need other variables from MAR or PISM, send us an email (alison.delhasse@uliege.be, johanna.beckmann@monash.edu) and we will be glad to help you. We will also be happy to share the scripts we have developed to analyse the outputs and make the figures in this paper if needed. Please cite the paper if you use these MAR-PISM outputs.<br><br>Data usage notice:</p> <p>If you use any of these results, please acknowledge the work of the people involved in producing them. Acknowledgments should be similar to the one below that contains information related to MAR and PISM. To document MAR scientific impact and enable ongoing support of the model, users are likely encouraged to contact me to add their works to the list of MAR-related publications. </p> <p>"We thank A. Delhasse and J. Beckmann, as well as the MAR and PISM teams which make available the model outputs. We also thank agencies (F.R.S - FNRS, CÉCI, and the Walloon Region) that provided computational resources for MAR-PISM simulations. "</p> <p>You should also refer to and cite the following paper in its latest version:</p> <p><em>Delhasse, A., Beckmann, J., Kittel, C., and Fettweis, X.: Coupling MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) with PISM (Parallel Ice Sheet Model) mitigates the positive melt–elevation feedback, The Cryosphere, 18, 633–651, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-18-633-2024, 2024.</em></p> <p>Reference</p> <p><em>Franco, B., Fettweis, X., Lang, C., and Erpicum, M.: Impact of spatial resolution on the modelling of the Greenland ice sheet surface mass balance between 1990–2010, using the regional climate model MAR, The Cryosphere, 6, 695–711, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-695-2012, 2012.</em></p> <p><em>MARTeam: MARv3.11, GitLab [data set], <a href="https://gitlab.com/Mar-Group/MARv3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://gitlab.com/Mar-Group/MARv3#</a> (last access: 28 May 2022), 2021.</em></p>
Data from: a positive feedback to climate change: the effect of temperature on the respiration of key wood-decomposing fungi does not decline with time
<p>Heterotrophic soil microorganisms are responsible for ~50% of the carbon dioxide released by respiration from the terrestrial biosphere each year. The respiratory response of soil microbial communities to warming, and the control mechanisms, remains uncertain, yet is critical to understanding the future land carbon (C)-climate feedback. Individuals of nine species of fungi decomposing wood were exposed to 90 days of cooling to evaluate the medium-term effect of temperature on respiration. Overall, the effect of temperature on respiration increased in the medium term, with no evidence of compensation. However, the increasing effect of temperature on respiration was lost after correcting for changes in biomass. These results indicate that C loss through respiration of wood-decomposing fungi will increase beyond the direct effects of temperature on respiration, potentially promoting greater C losses from terrestrial ecosystems and a positive feedback to climate change.</p>
Older populations of the invader Solidago canadensis exhibit stronger positive plant-soil feedbacks and competitive ability in China
<p><strong>PREMISE</strong></p> <p>The enemy release hypothesis predicts that release from natural enemies, including soil-borne pathogens, liberates invasive plants from a negative regulating force. Nevertheless, invasive plants may acquire novel enemies and mutualists in the introduced range, which may cause variable effects on invader growth. However, how soil microorganisms may influence competitive ability of invasive plants along invasion chronosequences has been little explored.</p> <p><strong>METHODS</strong></p> <p>Using the invasive plant <em>Solidago canadensis</em>, we tested whether longer residence times are associated with stronger negative plant-soil feedbacks and thus weaker competitive abilities at the individual level. We grew S. canadensis individuals from 36 populations with different residence times in competition versus no competition and in three different types of soils: (1) conspecific rhizospheric soils, (2) soil from uninvaded patches, and (3) sterilized soil. For our competitor treatments, we constructed synthetic communities of four native species <em>Bidens parviflora, Solanum nigrum, Kalimeris indica,</em> and <em>Mosla scabra</em>, which naturally co-occur with <em>S. canadensis</em> in the field.</p> <p><strong>RESULTS</strong></p> <p>Solidago canadensis populations with longer residence times experienced stronger positive plant-soil feedbacks and had greater competitive responses (i.e., produced greater above-ground biomass and grew taller) in conspecific rhizospheric soils than in sterilized and uninvaded soils. Moreover, <em>S. canadensis</em> from older populations significantly suppressed above-ground biomass of the native communities in rhizospheric and uninvaded soils but not in sterilized soil.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSIONS</strong></p> <p>The present results suggest that older populations of <em>S. canadensis</em> experience stronger positive plant-soil feedback, which may enhance their competitive ability against native plant communities. </p>
Positive and Negative Feedback from the Supernova remnant IC443: first results from SHREC
<p>Supernova remnants (SNRs) drive large-scale shocks that locally enhance the density of the surrounding material but also inject vast amounts of energy and momentum that largely perturb and disperse the Interstellar Medium (ISM). The interplay between these two effects is considered paramount in regulating the star formation efficiency in galaxies. However, how SNRs affect the conditions of density and temperature of the ISM is not well constrained from an observational point of view. In this poster, I present our exploratory large single-dish observing program SHREC, aimed to observe the molecular shock tracer SiO(2-1) toward a sample of 30 SNRs known to be interacting with molecular clouds. I introduce the aim and technical aspects of SHREC and present the first results obtained toward the SNRs IC443. IC443 is a well known SNR, expanding into and interacting with a nearby toroidal molecular cloud. Toward the major site of interaction, known as clump G, we estimate the mass of the shocked gas to be 100 Msun. The shock driven by IC443 into this material enhances its density by a factor >10, to value consistent with those required to ignite star formation. Finally, we estimate that between 35-50% of the momentum injected by IC443 is transferred to the nearby molecular material. Our work therefore indicates that the molecular ISM is an important carrier of the SNR momentum and that the SNR-molecular cloud interaction play a crucial role in the regulating star formation in galaxies.</p>
A Positive Atmospheric Feedback on the North Atlantic Warming Hole Data Availability
<p>There are three files with the data required to recreate: Figure 1, Figures 2&3, and Figure 4. Contact the corresponding author (sydney.kramer@colorado.edu) for additional information. The MATLAB files contain variables including: Sea Surface Temperature (SST), Zonal Wind (u), Meridional Wind (v), Sea Level Pressure (slp), Geopotential Height (z), Virtual Temperature (VirtualTemp), Latitude (lat), Longitude (lon), Vertical Levels (lev), and coastlines (xcoast/ycoast). These variables are provided for five different experiments, CESM control, CESM NAWH, CESM NAWH-S, ECHAM control, and ECHAM NAWH. </p>
CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) Study Educational Materials and Usage Feedback to Promote CPAP Adherence
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02195531. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Data from: Mycorrhizal feedbacks generate positive frequency dependence accelerating grassland succession
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Data for: Positive feedback on climate warming by stream microbial decomposers indicated by a global space-for-time substitution study
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Data from: A positive feedback to climate change: the effect of temperature on the respiration of key wood-decomposing fungi does not decline with time
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Older populations of the invader Solidago canadensis exhibit stronger positive plant-soil feedbacks and competitive ability in China
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Data from: Multiple constraints cause positive and negative feedbacks limiting grassland soil CO2 efflux under CO2 enrichment
<p>Terrestrial ecosystems are increasingly enriched with resources such as atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> that limit ecosystem processes. The consequences for ecosystem carbon cycling depend on the feedbacks from other limiting resources and plant community change, which remain poorly understood for soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux, J<sub>CO2</sub>, a primary carbon flux from the biosphere to the atmosphere. We applied a unique CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment gradient (250 to 500 µL L<sup>-1</sup>) for eight years to grassland plant communities on soils from different landscape positions. We identified the trajectory of J<sub>CO2</sub> responses and feedbacks from other resources, plant diversity (effective species richness, exp(H)), and community change (plant species turnover). We found linear increases in J<sub>CO2</sub> on an alluvial sandy loam and a lowland clay soil, and an asymptotic increase on an upland silty clay soil. Structural equation modelling identified CO<sub>2</sub> as the dominant limitation on J<sub>CO2</sub> on the clay soil. In contrast with theory predicting limitation from a single limiting factor, the linear J<sub>CO2</sub> response on the sandy loam was reinforced by positive feedbacks from aboveground net primary productivity and exp(H), while the asymptotic J<sub>CO2</sub> response on the silty clay arose from a net negative feedback among exp(H), species turnover, and soil water potential. These findings support a multiple resource limitation view of the effects of global change drivers on grassland ecosystem carbon cycling and highlight a crucial role for positive or negative feedbacks between limiting resources and plant community structure. Incorporating these feedbacks will improve models of terrestrial carbon sequestration and ecosystem services.</p>
Data from: Plant-soil feedbacks shift from negative to positive with decreasing light in forest understory species
Net pairwise plant–soil feedbacks (PSF) may be an important factor structuring plant communities, yet the influence of abiotic context on PSF is not yet understood. Abiotic factors such as light availability can alter plant–soil interactions, potentially resulting in strong context dependence of PSF. Here, we present an experiment in which we measured whole-soil net pairwise feedbacks amongst six common forest understory species across a gradient of light availability. Light treatments were imposed throughout both phases (the conditioning phase and the response phase) of the feedback experiment. Across the plant community, PSF shifted from negative at high light availability to weakly positive under low light (P = 0.013). Differences in the biomass of plants during the conditioning phase did not fully explain light-imposed differences in feedbacks, indicating that reduced light availability qualitatively changes the nature of PSF rather than simply weakening feedbacks by reducing plant growth. Results indicate that abiotic context can fundamentally alter the role of PSF in structuring plant communities.
User Study Data from "HaptiGlow: Helping Users Position their Hands for Better Mid-Air Gestures and Ultrasound Haptic Feedback"
<p>This dataset contains user study data from the experiment reported in our IEEE World Haptics Conference 2019 paper.</p>
POSITIVE AGN FEEDBACK AT HUNDREDS OF KPC SCALES IN A PROTOCLUSTER AT Z=1.7
<p>High-z protoclusters are ideal laboratories to investigate the relation between AGN feedback, ICM heating, and galaxy evolution at the peak formation epoch of galaxy clusters.</p> <p>We will present multi-band observations of a z=1.7 protocluster assembling around an FRII radio-galaxy that provide strong insight into the above processes.</p> <p>A deep (0.5 Ms) Chandra look at the system revealed several spots of diffuse X-ray emission, the most prominent of which (bubble A) overlaps with the Eastern radio lobe. We will discuss thermal emission or Inverse Compton scattering of CMB photons (IC-CMB) as viable mechanisms to produce the observed X-ray spots, and present new LOFAR observations suggesting that bubble A is due to IC-CMB. In addition, the expanding plasma in the Western radio-jet and lobe likely shock-heats pockets of gas in the inhomogeneous ambient medium to the ~keV temperature observed in the other X-ray spots.</p> <p>Bubble A is surrounded by the four galaxies with the largest specific star formation rates among all protocluster members. This calls for remarkable, positive AGN feedback produced hundreds of kpc away from the FRII nucleus by the expanding bubble.</p> <p>We will discuss future observations of the system and finally present prospects for future population studies of similar, high-z protoclusters with the Survey and Time-domain Astrophysical Research eXplorer (STAR-X), a Medium Explorer mission selected by NASA for Phase A study.</p> <p> </p>
Effectiveness of Video-feedback for Positive Parenting with Children At Risk of ASD
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06604988. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 10.
Data from: Positive severity feedback between consecutive fires in dry eucalypt forests of southern Australia
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Multiple constraints cause positive and negative feedbacks limiting grassland soil CO2 efflux under CO2 enrichment
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.