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18 results for “postzygotic barrier”
Evolution of multiple postzygotic barriers between species of the Mimulus tilingii complex
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Species are often defined by their ability to interbreed (</span></span>i.e.<span><span>, Biological Species Concept), but determining how and why reproductive isolation arises between new species can be challenging. In the <i>Mimulus tilingii</i> species complex, three species (</span></span><i>M. caespitosa</i><span><span>, </span></span><i>M. minor</i><span><span>, and </span></span><i>M. tilingii</i><span><span>) are largely allopatric and grow exclusively at high elevations (>2000m). The extent to which geographic separation has shaped patterns of divergence among the species is not well understood. In this study, we determined that the three species are morphologically and genetically distinct, yet recently diverged. Additionally, we performed reciprocal crosses within and between the</span></span><i> </i><span><span>species and identified several strong postzygotic reproductive barriers, including hybrid seed inviability, F1 hybrid necrosis, and F1 hybrid male and female sterility. In this study, such postzygotic barriers are so strong that a cross between any species pair in the <i>M. tilingii</i> complex would cause nearly complete reproductive isolation. We consider how geographical and topographical patterns may have facilitated the evolution of several postzygotic barriers and contributed to speciation of closely related members within the <i>M. tilingii </i>species complex.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Postzygotic barriers persist despite ongoing introgression in hybridizing Mimulus species
<p>The evolution of postzygotic isolation is thought to be a key step in maintaining species boundaries upon secondary contact, yet the dynamics and persistence of hybrid incompatibilities in naturally hybridizing species are not well understood. Here, we explore these issues using genetic mapping in three independent populations of recombinant inbred lines between naturally hybridizing monkeyflowers <em>Mimulus guttatus</em> and <em>M. nasutus</em> from the sympatric Catherine Creek population. We discover that the three <em>M. guttatus</em> founders differ dramatically in admixture history, with nearly a quarter of one founder's genome introgressed from <em>M. nasutus</em>. Comparative genetic mapping in the three RIL populations reveals three new putative inversions, each one segregating among the <em>M. guttatus</em> founders, two due to admixture. We find strong, genome-wide transmission ratio distortion in all RILs, but patterns are highly variable among the three populations. At least some of this distortion appears to be explained by epistatic selection favoring parental genotypes, but tests of inter-chromosomal linkage disequilibrium also reveal multiple candidate Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities. We also map several genetic loci for hybrid pollen viability, including two interacting pairs that coincide with peaks of distortion. Remarkably, even with this limited sample of three <em>M. guttatus</em> lines, we discover abundant segregating variation for hybrid incompatibilities with <em>M. nasutus,</em> suggesting this population harbors diverse contributors to postzygotic isolation. Moreover, even with substantial admixture, hybrid incompatibilities between <em>Mimulus</em> species persist, suggesting postzygotic isolation might be a potent force in maintaining species barriers in this system. </p>
Evolution of multiple postzygotic barriers between species of the Mimulus tilingii complex
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Data from: Postzygotic barriers persist despite ongoing introgression in hybridizing Mimulus species
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Data from: Incipient ecological speciation between successional varieties of a dominant tree involves intrinsic postzygotic isolating barriers
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Data from: Strong asymmetry in the relative strengths of prezygotic and postzygotic barriers between two damselfly sister species
One of the longest debates in biology has been over the relative importance of different isolating barriers in speciation. However, for most species, there are few data evaluating their relative contributions and we can only speculate on the general roles of pre- and postzygotic isolation. Here we quantify the absolute and cumulative contribution of 198 potential reproductive barriers between two sympatric damselfly sister species, Ischnura elegans and I. graellsii, including both premating (habitat, temporal, sexual and mechanical isolation) and postmating barriers (prezygotic: sperm insemination success and removal rate, oviposition success, fertility, fecundity; postzygotic: hybrid viability, hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown). In sympatry, total reproductive isolation between I. elegans females and I. graellsii males was 95.2%, owing mostly to a premating mechanical incompatibility (93.4%), while other barriers were of little importance. Isolation between I. graellsii females and I. elegans males was also nearly complete (95.8%), which was caused by the cumulative action of multiple prezygotic (n=4, 75.4%) and postzygotic postmating barriers (n=5, 7.4%). Our results suggest that premating barriers are key factors in preventing gene flow between species, and that the relative strengths of premating barriers is highly asymmetrical between the reciprocal crosses.
Data from: Multiple strong postmating and intrinsic postzygotic reproductive barriers isolate florally diverse species of Jaltomata (Solanaceae)
Divergence in phenotypic traits often contributes to premating isolation between lineages, but could also promote isolation at postmating stages. Phenotypic differences could directly result in mechanical isolation or hybrids with maladapted traits; alternatively, when alleles controlling these trait differences pleiotropically affect other components of development, differentiation could indirectly produce genetic incompatibilities in hybrids. Here, we determined the strength of 9 postmating and intrinsic postzygotic reproductive barriers among 10 species of Jaltomata (Solanaceae), including species with highly divergent floral traits. To evaluate the relative importance of floral trait diversification on the strength of these postmating barriers, we assessed their relationship to floral divergence, genetic distance, geographical context, and ecological differences, using conventional tests and a new linear mixed modeling approach. Despite close evolutionary relationships, all species pairs showed moderate to strong isolation. Nonetheless, floral trait divergence was not a consistent predictor of the strength of isolation; instead this was best explained by genetic distance, although we found evidence for mechanical isolation in one species, and an overall positive relationship between floral trait divergence and fruit set isolation across species pairs. Overall, our data indicate that intrinsic postzygotic isolation is more strongly associated with genome-wide genetic differentiation, rather than floral divergence.
Data from: Multiple strong postmating and intrinsic postzygotic reproductive barriers isolate florally diverse species of Jaltomata (Solanaceae)
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Data from: Fitness dynamics within a poplar hybrid zone: I. Prezygotic and postzygotic barriers impacting a native poplar hybrid stand.
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Data from: Strong asymmetry in the relative strengths of prezygotic and postzygotic barriers between two damselfly sister species
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Data from: Is embryo abortion a postzygotic barrier to gene flow between Littorina ecotypes?
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Data from: Hybrid asexuality as a primary postzygotic barrier between nascent species: on the interconnection between asexuality, hybridization and speciation
Although sexual reproduction is ubiquitous throughout nature, the molecular machinery behind it has been repeatedly disrupted during evolution, leading to the emergence of asexual lineages in all eukaryotic phyla. Despite intensive research, little is known about what causes the switch from sexual reproduction to asexuality. Interspecific hybridization is one of the candidate explanations but the reasons for the apparent association between hybridization and asexuality remain unclear. In this study we combined cross-breeding experiments with population genetic and phylogenomic approaches to reveal the history of speciation and asexuality evolution in European spined loaches (Cobitis). Contemporary species readily hybridize in hybrid zones, but produce infertile males and fertile but clonally reproducing females that cannot mediate introgressions. However, our analysis of exome data indicates that intensive gene flow between species has occurred in the past. Crossings among species with various genetic distances showed that, while distantly related species produced asexual females and sterile males, closely related species produce sexually reproducing hybrids of both sexes. Our results suggest that hybridization leads to sexual hybrids at the initial stages of speciation, but as the species diverge further, the gradual accumulation of reproductive incompatibilities between species could distort their gametogenesis towards asexuality. Interestingly, comparative analysis of published data revealed that hybrid asexuality generally evolves at lower genetic divergences than hybrid sterility or inviability. Given that hybrid asexuality effectively restricts gene flow, it may establish a primary reproductive barrier earlier during diversification than other 'classical' forms of postzygotic incompatibilities. Hybrid asexuality may thus indirectly contribute to the speciation process.
Supplementary material 2 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S2
Supplementary material 4 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S4
Supplementary material 1 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S1
Supplementary material 3 from: Wanzenböck J, Hopfinger M, Wanzenböck S, Fuxjäger L, Rund H, Lamatsch DK (2021) First successful hybridization experiment between native European weatherfish (Misgurnus fossilis) and non-native Oriental weatherfish (M. anguillicaudatus) reveals no evidence for postzygotic barriers. NeoBiota 69: 29-50. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.69.67708
Figure S3
Data from: Hybrid asexuality as a primary postzygotic barrier between nascent species: on the interconnection between asexuality, hybridization and speciation
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Paternally expressed imprinted genes establish postzygotic hybridization barriers in Arabidopsis thaliana
GEO Series GSE62401. Arabidopsis thaliana. 10 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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