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29 results for “power flow”
Accompanying data for publication: "Learning the Optimal Power Flow: Environment Design Matters"
<p>All the data created for the publication "Learning the Optimal Power Flow: Environment Design Matters" by Wolgast and Nieße. The dataset contains all training runs performed, including the final neural network weights, meta-data about the training run, and various metrics during the course of training, which were used to generate the results and plots. The source code to re-produce the plots for the publication (and everything else) can be found on GitHub: https://github.com/Digitalized-Energy-Systems/rl-opf-env-design</p>
Power of Bayesian and heuristic tests to detect cross-species introgression with reference to gene flow in the Tamias quadrivittatus group of North American chipmunks
<p>In the past two decades genomic data have been widely used to detect historical gene flow between species in a variety of plants and animals. The Tamias quadrivittatus group of North America chipmunks, which originated through a series of rapid speciation events, are known to undergo massive amounts of mitochondrial introgression. Yet in a recent analysis of targeted nuclear loci from the group, no evidence for cross-species introgression was detected, indicating widespread cytonuclear discordance. The study used the heuristic method HyDe to detect gene flow, which may suffer from low power. Here we use the Bayesian method implemented in the program bpp to reanalyze these data. We develop a Bayesian test of introgression, calculating the Bayes factor via the Savage-Dickey density ratio using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sample under the model of introgression. We take a stepwise approach to constructing an introgression model by adding introgression events onto a well-supported binary species tree. The analysis detected robust evidence for multiple ancient introgression events affecting the nuclear genome, with introgression probabilities reaching 63%. We estimate population parameters and highlight the fact that species divergence times may be seriously underestimated if ancient cross-species gene flow is ignored in the analysis. We examine the assumptions and performance of HyDe, and demonstrate that it lacks power if gene flow occurs between sister lineages or if the mode of gene flow does not match the assumed hybrid speciation model with symmetrical population sizes. Our analyses highlight the power of likelihood-based inference of cross-species gene flow using genomic sequence data.</p>
Dataset on PowerWorld Software Power Flow Calculations on an Underground Distribution Feeder for Inserting Renewable Distribution Generation from Biogas, Photovoltaic and Small Wind Sources
<p>This Dataset brings all the information, details and source files used for power flow studies of the USP-105 underground feeder of the distribution medium voltage network in the University of São Paulo campus, which has received several embedded DG sources, namely a biogas plant, photovoltaic units and a small wind turbine.</p> <p>The power flow simulations were realized using the PowerWorldTM Simulator, v.23</p> <p>The files types on the Dataset are: </p> <p>.pwb, .pwd and tsb: Powerworld software input files for the simulations</p> <p>.csv: where a semicolon symbol (;) is used as a column separator, while a dot symbol (.) represents the decimal separator. The first row of each CSV file corresponds to the header row to help identify data.</p>
Power of Bayesian and heuristic tests to detect cross-species introgression with reference to gene flow in the Tamias quadrivittatus group of North American chipmunks
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Deep_Statistical_Solvers_-_AC_Power_Flow_14
<p>Dataset for the training and testing of Deep Statistical Solvers</p> <p>AC power flow problem on the IEEE case14 power grid and snapshots from the L2RPN competition</p>
Wireless flow-powered miniature robot capable of traversing tubular structures
<p>Wireless millimeter-scale robots capable of navigating through fluid-flowing tubular structures hold substantial potential for inspection, maintenance, or repair use in nuclear, industrial, and medical applications. However, prevalent reliance on external power constrains their operational range and applicable environments. Alternatives with onboard powering must trade off size, functionality, and operation duration. Here, we propose a wireless millimeter-scale wheeled robot capable of using environmental flows to power and actuate its long-distance locomotion through complex pipelines. The flow-powering module can convert flow energy into mechanical energy, achieving an impeller speed of up to 9595 revolutions per minute, accompanied by an output power density of 11.7 watts per cubic meter and an efficiency of 33.7%. A miniature gearbox module can further transmit the converted mechanical energy into the robot's locomotion system, allowing the robot to move against water flow at an average rate of up to 1.05 meters per second. The robot's motion status (moving against/with flow or pausing) can be switched using an external magnetic field or an onboard mechanical regulator, contingent upon different proposed control designs. Additionally, we design kirigami-based soft wheels for adaptive locomotion. The robot can move against flows of various substances within pipes featuring complex geometries and diverse materials. Solely powered by flow, the robot can transport cylindrical payloads with a diameter of up to 55% of the pipe's diameter and carry devices, such as an endoscopic camera for pipeline inspection, a wireless temperature sensor for environmental temperature monitoring, and a leak-stopper shell for infrastructure maintenance.</p>
The dataset of dump recordings of power DLS spectra annotated with the actual flow of intralipid for every moment of time
<p>Raw data in this dataset was measured in a biotissue phantom with a capillary channel where the intralipid was pumped with the flow (in ul/min) monitored by a precise flowmeter. The dataset presents dump recordings of power spectra from the photodetector annotated with the actual flow of intralipid for every moment of time for different depths of the capillary. The data was used to build the regression model which has been used to solve the inverse problem of the RBC velocity distribution assessment and for instant calculation of blood flow components from different depths. </p>
A Power-Aware, Self-Adaptive Macro Data Flow Framework
<p><em><strong>Abstract: </strong>The dataflow programming model has been extensively used as an effective solution to implement efficient parallel programming frameworks. However, the amount of resources allocated to the runtime support is usually fixed once by the programmer or the runtime, and kept static during the entire execution. While there are cases where such a static choice may be appropriate, other scenarios may require to dynamically change the parallelism degree during the application execution. In this paper we propose an algorithm for multicore shared memory platforms, that dynamically selects the optimal number of cores to be used as well as their clock frequency according to either the workload pressure or to explicit user requirements. We implement the algorithm for both structured and unstructured parallel applications and we validate our proposal over three real applications, showing that it is able to save a significant amount of power, while not impairing the performance and not requiring additional effort from the application programmer.</em></p> <p>This dataset contains the raw data of the experiments and the scripts used to plot them.</p> <p> </p>
Three-dimensional simulations of rapidly rotating core-collapse supernovae: finding a neutrino-powered explosion aided by non-axisymmetric flows
<p>Those are movies of numerical supernova models, which appear in Takiwaki, Kotake, and Suwa 2016 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, Volume 461, Issue 1, p.L112-L116.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Demonstration of Simulation Tools for Electricity Markets considering Power Flow Analysis
<p>Two novel publicly available web services for electricity market (EM) simulation and study and power flow evaluation and validation are proposed, namely the Electricity Market Service (EMS) and Power Flow Service (PFS). EMS enables the simulation of two auction-based algorithms and the execution of three wholesale EMs. PFS provides the creation and evaluation of electrical grids from the transmission to distribution grids. Combining both services one can simulate EMs from wholesale to local markets and test if the results are compatible with a specific electrical grid. This dataset publishes the input and output data of a case study simulation scenario.</p>
DataSet: Partial Discharge Power Flow in Gas-Insulated Substations Using Magnetic and Electric Antennas
<p>Dataset of the measurements presented in the paper "Partial Discharge Power Flow in Gas-Insulated Substations Using Magnetic and Electric Antennas" in the conference ISH 2023</p>
Dataset: Magnetic and electric antennas synergy for partial discharge measurements in gas-insulated substations: Power flow and reflection suppression
<p>Data set for the publication named: Magnetic and electric antennas synergy for partial discharge measurements in gas-insulated substations: Power flow and reflection suppression. Each header corresponds to the figure and legend.</p>
The power of coalescent methods for inferring recent and ancient gene flow in endangered Bactrian camels
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Wireless flow-powered miniature robot capable of traversing tubular structures
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Data from: Passive rafting is a powerful driver of transoceanic gene flow
Dispersal by passive oceanic rafting is considered important for the assembly of biotic communities on islands. However, not much is known about levels of population genetic connectivity maintained by rafting over transoceanic distances. We assess the evolutionary impact of kelp-rafting by estimating population genetic differentiation in three kelp-associated invertebrate species across a system of islands isolated by oceanic gaps for over 5 million years, using mtDNA and AFLP markers. The species occur throughout New Zealand's subantarctic islands, but lack pelagic stages and any opportunity for anthropogenic transportation, and hence must rely on passive rafting for long-distance dispersal. They all have been directly observed to survive transoceanic kelp-rafting journeys in this region. Our analyses indicate that regular gene flow occurs among populations of all three species between all of the islands, especially those on either side of the subtropical front oceanographic boundary. Notwithstanding its perceived sporadic nature, long-distance kelp-rafting appears to enable significant gene flow among island populations separated by hundreds of kilometres of open ocean.
Quantitative evaluation of mantle flow traction on overlying tectonic plate: Linear versus power-law mantle rheology
<p>Dataset for <strong>Quantitative evaluation of mantle flow traction on overlying tectonic plate: Linear versus power-law mantle rheology</strong></p>
[Supplementary Data] PowerModel-AI: A First On-the-fly Machine-Learning Predictor for AC Power Flow Solutions.
<h1><strong>Abstract</strong></h1> <p>The real-time creation of machine-learning models via active or on-the-fly learning has attracted considerable interest across various scientific and engineering disciplines. These algorithms enable machines to autonomously build models while remaining operational. Through a series of query strategies, the machine can evaluate whether newly encountered data fall outside the scope of the existing training set. In this study, we introduce <em>PowerModel-AI</em>, an end-to-end machine learning software designed to accurately predict AC power flow solutions. We present detailed justifications for our model design choices and demonstrate that selecting the right input features effectively captures the load flow decoupling inherent in power flow equations. Our approach incorporates on-the-fly learning, where power flow calculations are initiated only when the machine detects a need to improve the dataset in regions where the model's performance is sub-optimal, based on specific criteria. Otherwise, the existing model is used for power flow predictions. This study includes analyses of five Texas A&M synthetic power grid cases, encompassing the 14-, 30-, 37-, 200-, and 500-bus systems. The training and test datasets were generated using <em>PowerModel.jl</em>, an open-source power flow solver/optimizer developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, NM, USA.</p> <div> <h1><strong>Overview</strong></h1> <p>This dataset, provided as supplementary material for the above-referenced study, includes a comprehensive collection of images (plots) from the study’s analyses, along with Jupyter notebooks containing Python scripts used for the training, validation, and testing phases of PowerModel-AI. Additionally, it includes all training and external test data used in this work, generated via LANL-based open-source power flow solver, PowerModels.jl.</p> <p>The primary objective of this dataset is to ensure full reproducibility of the study’s analyses and facilitate critical examination by the scientific community, thereby maximizing the overall impact of the work.</p> <h1>Directory Structure</h1> <p>The hierarchy of folders and file organization of the dataset is illustrated in the chart below. The directory contains a README.md file which contains the information provided here and a requirements.txt that contains all libraries necessary to run the python scripts or Jupyter notebooks in this directory. A brief description of the folders and what they contain are provided below: </p> </div> <div> <strong>.</strong></div> <div>├── <strong>Models/</strong></div> <div>│ ├── _PM_AI_Models/</div> <div>│ │ ├── Type1/</div> <div>│ │ ├── Type2/</div> <div>│ │ └── Type3/</div> <div>│ │</div> <div>│ ├── _PM_AI_Module/</div> <div>│ │ ├── __init__.py</div> <div>│ │ └── PM_Methods.py</div> <div>│ │</div> <div>│ ├── _PM_JL_Data/</div> <div>│ ├── C1_Model/</div> <div>│ ├── C2_Model/</div> <div>│ ├── C3_Model/</div> <div>│ ├── M1_Model/</div> <div>│ ├── M2_Model/ </div> <div>│ └── M3_Model/</div> <div>│</div> <div>├── <strong>NodeSensitivityAnalysis/</strong></div> <div>│ ├── Sensitivity_Plots/</div> <div>│ ├── Sensitivity_PM_JL_Data/</div> <div>│ ├── get_sensitivity_PMJL_data.py</div> <div>│ └── NodeSensitivityAnalysis.ipynb</div> <div>│</div> <div>├── <strong>PlotsForOnTheFlyAnalysis/</strong></div> <div>│ ├── BaseModel_A/</div> <div>│ ├── BaseModel_B/ </div> <div>│ └── BaseModel_C/</div> <div>│ </div> <div>├── <strong>README.md</strong></div> <div>└── <strong>requirements.txt</strong></div> <p> </p> <h2>Files Description </h2> <h3><strong>1. </strong><strong>Models/</strong></h3> <p><strong><em>_PM_AI_Models/</em></strong> contains the ML models discussed in the manuscript. Type1, Type2, and Type3 refers to the C and M models with numbers "1", "2," and "3". Each Type folder contains individual subfolders for the synthetic grids discussed.</p> <p><strong> <em>_PM_AI_Module/</em></strong> contains a python script that has all the functions used in model training and analysis. It is imported in the Jupyter notebooks in the C and M subfolders in this directory.</p> <p><strong><em>_PM_JL_Data/</em> </strong>contains the following subfolders:</p> <p>a) <strong> </strong><em>_</em><strong><em><strong>G</strong>eneratePowerModelData/</em></strong> has a python script (<u>get_PowerModelJLData.py)</u> that is used to parse <u>PowerModels.jl</u> to compute AC power flow solutions for different power demand configurations. It also contains a subfolder, <strong><em>BusData_MATLAB/</em></strong>, that has all the synthetic grids used in the study and in MATLAB format.</p> <p>b) It also contains other subfolders (not shown in the chart above) that contains AC power flow solutions generated using LANL’s PowerModels.jl, for each synthetic grids and other grid-related data.</p> <p>The folders starting with C and M are the control and candidate models (more details in manuscript). Each folder contains Jupyter notebooks (for each power grid) that has python algorithms used in model training and testing, as well as functions to analyze and plot the prediction performance of the models. It accesses (if already trained) or stores (if newly trained) the models in the <strong><em>_PM_AI_Models/</em></strong> directory. Additionally, they contain 2 subfolders (not shown in the chart above): <strong>AbsoluteErrorPlots/</strong> and <strong>PredictionPlots/</strong> were the results (plots) from the analyses are stored. Some of these results are shown in the manuscript (<em>Figures 4</em>,<em> 5</em>, <em>6</em>, and <em>7</em>).</p> <h3><strong>2. </strong><strong>NodeSensitivityAnalysis/</strong></h3> <p>This folder contains the tools used for the node dependency analysis in Section 3.1.1 of the manuscript.</p> <p>It contains a python script called get_sensitivity_PMJL_data.py, which has similar operation like the <u>get_PowerModelJLData.py</u> script but only compute changes for one bus at a time (see details in manuscript). There is also a Jupyter notebook called <u>NodeSensitivityAnalysis.ipynb </u>that analyzes the bus node dependencies and produces the plots that are shown in Figure 3 in the manuscript. It contains 2 additional sub-folders:</p> <p>a) <strong> <em>Sensitivity_PM_JL_Data/</em></strong> where PowerModels.jl generated AC power flow solution data are stored, and</p> <p>b) <em><strong>Sensitivity_Plots/</strong> </em>where the results from <u>NodeSensitivityAnalysis.ipynb</u> are stored.</p> <h3><strong>3. </strong><strong>PlotsForOnTheFlyAnalysis/</strong></h3> <p>This directory contains only the results for the discussion in Section 3.2 in the manuscript, which is the on-the-fly implementation of PowerModel-AI. The on-the-fly algorithm will be provided and distributed separately in the PowerModel-AI package, which will be publicly available through LANL’s <a href="https://github.com/lanl-ansi" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Advanced Network Science Initiative</a> (Github). It contains 3 subfolders with similar names but ends with "A", "B," and "C" which correspond to the designations shown and discussed in <em>Figure 8</em> of the manuscript.</p> <h1>Summary</h1> <h3><strong> </strong><strong>Models/</strong></h3> <p><strong>1. _PM_AI_Models/: </strong></p> <p>Contains the machine learning models discussed in the manuscript. The Type1, Type2, and Type3 folders refer to C and M models labeled "1", "2," and "3". Each type folder includes subfolders for the corresponding synthetic grids analyzed.</p> <div><strong>2. _PM_AI_Module/: </strong> </div> <div>Contains Python scripts for model training and analysis. PM_Methods.py is the script that defines functions for model training and analysis, which are imported in the Jupyter notebooks in the C and M subfolders. </div> <div> </div> <div><strong>3. _PM_JL_Data/: </strong></div> <div>-_GeneratePowerModelData/: Contains a Python script (get_PowerModelJLData.py) used to parse PowerModels.jl and compute AC power flow solutions for various power demand configurations. This folder also includes BusData_MATLAB/, which holds the synthetic grid data in MATLAB format. </div> <div>- Other Subfolders: Contain PowerModels.jl AC power flow solutions for each synthetic grid, as well as related data.</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>4. C1_Model/, C2_Model/, C3_Model/, M1_Model/, M2_Model/, M3_Model/: </strong></div> <div>These folders contain the control and candidate models (refer to manuscript details). Each folder includes pre-run Jupyter notebooks for model training and analysis, as well as two subfolders: </div> <div> - <em>AbsoluteErrorPlots/</em>: Contains saved analysis results for each grid.</div> <div> <strong> </strong>- <em>PredictionPlots/</em>: Stores model prediction results. </div> <div>Some results are shown in <em>Figures 4, 5, 6,</em> and <em>7</em> of the manuscript and can be reproduced using the notebooks.</div> <h3>NodeSensitivityAnalysis/</h3> <div><strong>1. Node Dependency Analysis Tools: </strong> </div> <div> This folder contains scripts and data used for the node dependency analysis in Section 3.1.1 of the manuscript.</div> <div> </div> <div><strong>2. Scripts: </strong></div> <div> - get_sensitivity_PMJL_data.py: Computes power flow changes for individual buses (refer to the manuscript for details). </div> <div> - NodeSensitivityAnalysis.ipynb: Analyzes dependencies and generates plots for Figure 3 in the manuscript. </div> <div> </div> <div><strong>3. Subfolders:</strong> </div> <div> - Sensitivity_PM_JL_Data/: Stores PowerModels.jl data for sensitivity analysis. </div> <div> - Sensitivity_Plots/: Contains the generated results from the Jupyter notebook.</div> <h3>PlotsForOnTheFlyAnalysis/</h3> <div><strong>On-the-Fly Learning Results: </strong>Contains the results for the on-the-fly learning analysis discussed in Section 3.2 of the manuscript. The subfolders BaseModel_A/, BaseModel_B/, and BaseModel_C/ correspond to the designations in <em>Figure 8</em> of the manuscript. These subfolders contain plots generated during analysis.</div> <h3>Additional Files</h3> <div>- README.md: This file.</div> <div>- requirements.txt: Contains a list of necessary Python libraries required to run the scripts and Jupyter notebooks.</div> <h3>Notes:</h3> <div>- The PowerModel-AI code is publicly available on GitHub.</div> <div>- The supplementary materials include additional Jupyter notebooks and results for each power grid analysis. </div> <div>- The generated results and predictions in this repository are consistent with those discussed in the manuscript.</div>
Data for "Tracking physical delivery of electricity from generators to loads with power flow tracing"
<p>Data and analysis code for "Tracking physical delivery of electricity from generators to loads with power flow tracing".</p> <p>Data includes the following folders:</p> <ul> <li>validation: Ground truth generation data for 2020</li> <li>tracing: Power flow tracing results for one day</li> <li>secondary_analysis: Node-level power flow statistics</li> <li>networks: Solved networks, including Eastern U.S., Europe, Texas at 4 levels of clustering, and Europe with altered dispatch</li> <li>meta: between-node straight line distance for Eastern U.S. and Europe</li> <li>boundaries: shapefiles and per-node mappings for existing boundaries (Eastern U.S. and Europe) and example boundaries (Texas)</li> <li>analysis: physical delivery and deliverability metrics for all networks over all modeled days</li> </ul> <p>Code (`flow-delivery-analysis-main`) includes notebooks and helper functions for all visualizations and statistics in "Tracking physical delivery of electricity from generators to loads with power flow tracing". See the README for more information.</p>
Power Dissipation in Flow-controlled Ventilation
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06222463. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Data from: Solar-powered flow-through system for aquatic field studies
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