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39 results for “predatory behavior”
Figure 1 in How Spiromesifen affects some biological parameters and switching behavior of predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) when feeding on different ratios of mixed preys
Figure 1. Linear relation between initial number of Bemisia tabaci (left)/ Tetranychus urticae (right) treated with recommended concentration of Spiromesifen and number of preys eaten by predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii.
Figure 2 in How Spiromesifen affects some biological parameters and switching behavior of predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) when feeding on different ratios of mixed preys
Figure 2. Fitted regression equation between the proportion of consumed mite to total preys and preference index (β) of Amblyseius swirskii.
FIGURE 3. Quantitative burrow properties. A in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 3. Quantitative burrow properties. A) Measurements were taken for number of surface openings (SO), burrow slope (S), maximum depth (D), total length (L), tunnel, shaft, and chamber width (w), height (h), and circumference (c), and branching angles (BA). B) Complexity includes the number of segments (s), chambers (h), and surface openings (e) within a single burrow system. C) Tortuosity of a single burrow segment is found by dividing the total length (u) by the straight-line distance (v) from end to end. Modified from Hembree (2019).
FIGURE 7 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 7. Burrow morphology: architecture and bioglyphs. A) Simple subhorizontal burrow of Hadrurus arizonensis with a single entrance. B) Helical subhorizontal burrow of H. arizonensis with a single entrance. C) Simple subhorizontal burrow of Pandinus imperator with a single entrance. D) Branching subhorizontal burrow of P. imperator with a single entrance. E) Branching, helical burrow of P. imperator with a large terminal chamber (at arrow). F) Mazework of H. arizonensis with multiple branches and two entrances (at arrows). G) Multiple, fine striations (at arrows) along, and parallel to, the shaft of a Gorgyrella inermis burrow. H) Pair of protrusions (at arrows) on the roof of a terminal chamber of Mastigoproctus giganteus. I) Large striations (at arrows) along the side of a subhorizontal burrow of Aphonopelma chalcodes. J) Burrow opening of Hogna lenta showing silk and sediment lining (at arrow). K) Compression lining (at arrow) visible in a cross section of a tunnel of Scolopendra polymorpha.
FIGURE 6 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 6. Burrow morphology: openings and architecture. A) Elliptical burrow opening of Scolopendra polymorpha. B) Circular burrow opening of Hysterocrates gigas surrounded by a mound of excavated sediment. C) Paired triangular burrow openings of Pandinus imperator. D) Simple vertical burrow of Gorgyrella inermis with a single entrance. E) Vertical branching burrow of Pelinobus muticus with a single entrance. F) Vertical burrow Hysterocrates gigas with large terminal chamber and a single entrance. G) Subvertical helical burrow of Aphopelma chalcodes with a single entrance. H) J-shaped burrow of Mastigoproctus giganteus with a single entrance. I) U-shaped burrow of M. giganteus with two entrances. J) Y-shaped burrow of M. giganteus with two entrances. K) Mazework of M. giganteus with five entrances (at numbers). L) U-shaped burrow of S. polymorpha with two entrances. M) Mazework of S. polymorpha with four entrances (at numbers).
FIGURE 4. Burrowing techniques observed among the studied arthropod predators. A in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 4. Burrowing techniques observed among the studied arthropod predators. A) Initial burrowing by intrusion by Scolopendra polymorpha (burrow opening at arrow). B) Burrowing by intrusion by Hogna lenta. C) Continued construction of a vertical shaft by compression by Gorgyrella inermis, compressing sediment along burrow boundary (at arrow) to increase the width. D) Subsurface tunnel construction by intrusion by Hemiscolopendra marginata. No sediment is removed as the tunnel is extended but is pressed against the tunnel boundary (at arrow). E) Burrowing by excavation by Mastigoproctus giganteus. Sediment is removed and carried with the pedipalps (at arrow). F) Burrowing by excavation by Pelinobus muticus. Sediment is removed and carried with the pedipalps (at arrow). G) Burrowing by excavation by Hadrurus arizonensis. Sediment is scraped and kicked back out (at arrow) of the developing burrow with the first two pairs of legs. H) Backfilling of a tunnel by S. polymorpha. The centipede removes sediment from the developing tunnel and uses it to fill the old tunnel (at arrow). I) Light silk lining around the opening, shaft, and chamber (at arrows) of Hysterocrates gigas. J) Thick silk lining around the shaft (at arrow) of G. inermis producing a smooth interior surface. K) Six silk runners (example at arrow) connected to the burrow entrance of G. inermis with a closed trap door.
FIGURE 2 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 2. Examples of experimental enclosures used in this study. A) Surface view of a 212 L enclosure before the introduction of the study animal. Objects were placed on the surface to encourage burrowing. B) Side view of a 246 L enclosure filled with 60 cm of an organic rich clay loam. C) A 212 L enclosure filled with 55 cm of an organic-rich clay loam. Five specimens of Pandinus imperator produced a branching burrow complex in the subsurface (at arrow). D) Plaster-filled, connected U-shaped burrows produced by Mastigoproctus giganteus in a 38 L enclosure filled with an organic-rick clay loam.
FIGURE 1 in Linking burrow morphology to the behaviors of predatory soil arthropods: Applications to continental ichnofossils
FIGURE 1. Burrowing arthropod predators investigated in this study. A) Scolopendra viridis, B) Scolopendra polymorpha, C) Hemiscolopendra marginata, D) Hadrurus arizonensis, E) Smeringurus mesaensis, F) Uroctonus mordax, G) Heterometrus spinifer, H) Pandinus imperator, I) Mastigoproctus giganteus, J) Hogna lenta, K) Gorgyrella inermis, L) Myrmekiaphilia sp., M) Aphonopelma chalcodes, N) Hysterocrates gigas, and O) Pelinobus muticus.
Fig 1. A parasitoid wasp and 1 in Predatory behavior of long-legged flies (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) and their potential negative effects on the parasitoid biological control agent of the Asian citrus psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae)
Fig 1. A parasitoid wasp and 1 of 7 species of predaceous long-legged flies collected in this study. The photograph is insufficient for identification. Although predation events could not be duplicated in captivity, the parasitoid wasp ap- pears to be within a size range that the long-legged fly would attack (e.g., Barrentine 2011). Scale bar = 2 mm.
Figure 4 in The predatory behavior of Hydrotaea albuquerquei (Lopes) larvae on the larvae of Musca domestica Linnaeus under laboratory conditions
Figure 4. Functional Response. The predatory capacity of H. albuquerquei larvae (predator) on Musca domestica larvae (prey) at different proportional prey densities to the total number of larvae (200 individuals) of predators and prey in other encounters. The statistical model (Poisson distribution with correction of the distribution for Quasipoisson) of the predatory capacity is in the upper portion of the graph. H1M1, H. albuquerquei first-instar larvae versus M. domestica first-instar larvae. H2M1, H. albuquerquei second-instar larvae versus M. domestica first-instar larvae. H3M1, third-instar larvae of H. albuquerquei versus first-instar larvae of M. domestica. H3M2, third-instar larvae of H. albuquerquei versus second-instar larvae of M. domestica.
Figure 3 in The predatory behavior of Hydrotaea albuquerquei (Lopes) larvae on the larvae of Musca domestica Linnaeus under laboratory conditions
Figure 3. Survival of predator (%) of Hydrotaea albuquerquei larvae (predator) at different proportional densities of prey with the total number of larvae (200 individuals) of predators and prey in other encounters. The statistical model (Binomial distribution with correction of the distribution for Quasibinomial) of the predator's survival is in the upper portion of the graph to the H1M1, H2M1 and H3M1 encounters. H1M1, H. albuquerquei first-instar larvae versus M. domestica first-instar larvae. H2M1, H. albuquerquei second-instar larvae versus M. domestica first-instar larvae. H3M1, third-instar larvae of H. albuquerquei versus first-instar larvae of M. domestica. H3M2, third-instar larvae of H. albuquerquei versus second-instar larvae of M. domestica.
Figure 2 in The predatory behavior of Hydrotaea albuquerquei (Lopes) larvae on the larvae of Musca domestica Linnaeus under laboratory conditions
Figure 2. Survival of prey (%) of Musca domestica larvae (prey) at different proportional prey densities to the total number of larvae (200 individuals) of predators and prey in other encounters. The statistical model (Binomial distribution with correction of the distribution for Quasibinomial) of the prey survival is in the upper portion of each graph. H1M1, H. albuquerquei first-instar larvae versus M. domestica first-instar larvae. H2M1, H. albuquerquei second-instar larvae versus M. domestica first-instar larvae. H3M1, third-instar larvae of H. albuquerquei versus first-instar larvae of M. domestica. H3M2, third-instar larvae of H. albuquerquei versus second-instar larvae of M. domestica.
Figure 1 in The predatory behavior of Hydrotaea albuquerquei (Lopes) larvae on the larvae of Musca domestica Linnaeus under laboratory conditions
Figure 1. Diagram showing the sampling design of the interaction of larvae of different instars (1, 2 and 3) between the predator Hydrotaea albuquerquei (H) and the prey Musca domestica (M). The other encounters (HM) considered the differences in size between the larvae of the species. In each encounter (HM) of the different instars, 200 larvae of the species were placed together in different proportions considering the ratio of M. domestica larvae (M) to eachH.albuquerquei larva (H), establishing proportional densities between predators (H) and preys (M) in agreement with Table 1. For each encounter and density, triplicates were performed.
Fig. 1 in Predatory behaviors: Pristimantis savagei (Anura: Craugastoridae) as prey of Trechalea sp. spiders (Araneae: Trechaleidae) in a sector of the Piedemonte Llanero, Villavicencio, Colombia
Fig. 1. Site of Pristimantis savagei predation by Trechalea sp., in a sector of Piedemonte Villavicencio-Meta, Colombia. The red dot indicates the exact site of discovery in the Caño Buque.
Fig. 2 in Predatory behaviors: Pristimantis savagei (Anura: Craugastoridae) as prey of Trechalea sp. spiders (Araneae: Trechaleidae) in a sector of the Piedemonte Llanero, Villavicencio, Colombia
Fig. 2. Record of predation of Pristimantis savagei by Trechalea sp., in a sector of Piedemonte, Villavicencio-Meta, Colombia.
Fig. 3 in Predatory behaviors: Pristimantis savagei (Anura: Craugastoridae) as prey of Trechalea sp. spiders (Araneae: Trechaleidae) in a sector of the Piedemonte Llanero, Villavicencio, Colombia
Fig. 3. Warning stance of the spider Trechalea sp. The individual was on a rock at an approximate height of 150 cm, less than 1 m from the water source.
Fig. 1. Phyllodytes luteolus Wied, 1824 in Disgusting or delicious? Predatory behavior of the hylid frog Phyllodytes luteolus on sympatric ants
Fig. 1. Phyllodytes luteolus Wied, 1824 manipulating its prey, an ant of the genus Gnamptogenys. Note that the frog has kept the abdominal region of the ant outside of the mouth in order to prevent injuries caused by its sting.
Distinct predatory behaviors in scimitar- and dirk-toothed sabertooth cats
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Behavioral interactions between bacterivorous nematodes and predatory bacteria in a synthetic community
Theory and empirical studies in metazoans predict that apex predators should shape the behavior and ecology of mesopredators and prey at lower trophic levels. Despite the ecological importance of microbial communities, few studies of predatory microbes examine such behavioral res-ponses and the multiplicity of trophic interactions. Here, we sought to assemble a three-level microbial food chain and to test for behavioral interactions between the predatory nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the predatory social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus when cultured together with two basal prey bacteria that both predators can eat—Escherichia coli and Flavobacterium johnsoniae. We found that >90% of C. elegans worms failed to interact with M. xanthus even when it was the only potential prey species available, whereas most worms were attracted to pure patches of E. coli and F. johnsoniae. In addition, M. xanthus altered nematode predatory behavior on basal prey, repelling C. elegans from two-species patches that would be attractive without M. xanthus, an effect similar to that of C. elegans pathogens. The nematode also influenced the behavior of the bacterial predator: M. xanthus increased its predatory swarming rate in response to C. elegans in a manner dependent both on basal-prey identity and on worm density. Our results suggest that M. xanthus is an unattractive prey for some soil nematodes and is actively avoided when other prey are available. Most broadly, we found that nematode and bacterial predators mutually influence one another's predatory behavior, with likely consequences for coevolution within complex microbial food webs.
Artificial selection for predatory behavior results in dietary niche differentiation in an omnivorous mammal
<p>The diet of an individual is a result of the availability of dietary items and the individual's foraging skills and preferences. Behavioral differences may thus influence diet variation, but the evolvability of diet choice through behavioral evolution has not been studied. We used experimental evolution combined with a field enclosure experiment to test whether behavioral selection leads to dietary divergence. We analysed the individual dietary niche via stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) and carbon (δ13C) in the hair of an omnivorous mammal, bank vole, from 4 lines selected for predatory behavior and 4 unselected control lines. Predatory voles had higher hair δ15N values than control voles, supporting our hypothesis that predatory voles would consume a higher trophic level diet (more animal vs. plant foods). This difference was significant in the early but not the late summer season. The δ13C values also indicated a seasonal change in the consumed plant matter and a difference in food sources among selection lines in the early summer. These results imply that environmental factors interact with evolved behavioral tendencies to determine dietary niche heterogeneity. Behavioral selection thus has potential to contribute to the evolution of diet choice and ultimately the species' ecological niche breadth.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
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