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34 results for “preference test”
In search of a conditioned place preference test to assess the severity of experimental procedures
<p>This deposit contains the choice dataset belonging to the publication with the title "In search of a conditioned place preference test to assess the severity of experimental procedures". </p> <p>A preprint version of the paper will be published on bioRxiv.</p> <p>The data set contains:</p> <ul> <li>for the Conditioned Place Preference Tests 1-9: table of time stamps with the position of the mice during the habituation and the final test</li> <li>a txt-file containing a rough description of the columns and their meanings</li> <li>the R Script which was used to analyze the data tables, especially with regard to statistics</li> </ul> <p>For more details on methods and results please read the manuscript.</p>
Supplementary material for: Testing the peak-end rule in bumblebees: lack of preference for a higher-reward sequence when the final reward is disappointing
<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> <p>The peak-end rule describes the tendency to evaluate experiences by their most intense and final moments, rather than considering the entire experience as a whole. While this cognitive bias is well-established in humans, studies on nonhuman animals are very limited. Bumblebees make foraging decisions largely based on past experiences, but whether peak-end effects influence their subsequent flower choices is still unknown. Here, we trained individual <em>Bombus terrestris</em> workers on two artificial flower types, blue and yellow, over 12 consecutive foraging bouts. One flower type offered a sequence of three high-quality rewards (25 μL drops of 50% w/w sucrose solution: “consistent” sequence), while the other provided the same sequence but ended with an additional, lower-quality reward (25 μL drop of 20% w/w sucrose solution: “poor end” sequence). We then tested the bees' flower type preference in a final binary choice. Bees showed a strong preference for blue flowers, both in their initial and overall visits. Across all visits during a 1-minute period, they also favoured flowers associated with the “consistent” sequence, though this preference was significant only when these flowers were yellow. Interestingly, despite offering more sucrose per foraging bout, bees did not favour the “poor end” sequence flower. This study is, to our knowledge, the first to investigate peak-end effects in an insect. How bees evaluate sequential rewards when foraging remains largely unexplored, yet could provide valuable insights into nectar distribution and plant-pollinator co-evolution.</p>
Data for the paper "Determining the value of preferred goods based on consumer demand in a home-cage based test for mice"
<p>All data related to the paper "Determining the value of preferred goods based on consumer demand in a home-cage based test for mice" will be made available to the scientific public here. The paper will be published soon in Behavioral Research Methods. </p>
CNN models and training, validation and test datasets for "PlotMI: interpretation of pairwise interactions and positional preferences learned by a deep learning model from sequence data"
<p>Convolutional neural network (CNN) models and their respective training, validation and test datasets used in manuscript:</p> <p>Tuomo Hartonen, Teemu Kivioja and Jussi Taipale, "PlotMI: interpretation of pairwise interactions and positional preferences learned by a deep learning model from sequence data"</p>
Replication data for: Consumer preference testing of boiled sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) using crowdsourced citizen science in Ghana and Uganda
<p>Crowdsourced citizen science is an emerging approach in plant sciences. The triadic comparison of technologies (tricot) approach has been successfully utilised by demand-led breeding programmes to identify varieties for dissemination suited to specific geographic and climatic regions. An important feature of this approach is the independent way in which farmers individually evaluate the varieties on their own farms as ‘citizen scientists’. In this study, we adapted this approach to evaluate consumer preferences to boiled sweetpotato (<em>Ipomoea batatas</em> (L.) Lam) roots of 21 advanced breeding materials and varieties in Ghana and 6 released varieties in Uganda. We were specifically interested in evaluating if a more independent style of evaluation (home tasting) would produce results comparable to an approach that involves control over preparation (centralised tasting). We compiled data from 1,433 participants who individually contributed to a home tasting (de-centralised) and a centralised tasting trial in Ghana and Uganda, evaluating overall acceptability, and indicating the reasons for their preferences. Geographic factors showed important contribution to define consumers’ preference to boiled sweetpotato genotypes. Home and centralised tasting approaches gave similar rankings for overall acceptability, which was strongly correlated to taste. In both Ghana and Uganda, it was possible to robustly identify superior sweetpotato genotypes from consumers’ perspectives. Our results indicate that the tricot approach can be successfully applied to consumer preference studies.</p>
Data for: Nest material preferences in wild hazel dormice Muscardinus avellanarius: Testing predictions from optimal foraging theory
<p class="MsoNormal">Obtaining nesting material presents an optimal foraging problem, collection of materials incurs a cost in terms of risk of predation and energy spent, and individuals must balance these costs with the benefits of using that material in the nest. The hazel dormouse, <em>Muscardinus avellanarius</em> is an endangered British mammal in which both sexes build nests. However, whether material used in their construction follows the predictions of optimal foraging theory is unknown. Here, we analyse the use of nesting materials in forty two breeding nests from six locations in Southwest England. Nests were characterised in terms of which plants were used, the relative amount of each plant, and how far away the nearest source was. We find that dormice exhibit a preference for plants closer to the nest, but that the distance they are prepared to travel depends on the plant species. Dormice travelled further to collect honeysuckle <em>Lonicera periclymenum</em>, oak <em>Quercus robur</em>, and beech <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> than any other plants. Distance did not affect the relative amount used, although the proportion of honeysuckle in nests was highest, and more effort was expended collecting honeysuckle, beech, bramble <em>Rubus fruticosus</em> and oak compared to other plants. Our results suggest that not all aspects of optimal foraging theory apply to nest material collection. However, optimal foraging theory is a useful model to examine nest material collection, providing testable predictions. As found previously honeysuckle is important as a nesting material, and should be taken account when assessing suitability of sites for dormice.</p>
Testing the Impact of Two Posters on Contraceptive Knowledge, Contraceptive Preferences, and Perceived Pregnancy Risk
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03372369. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Testing of a Tool to Elicit Patient Preferences for CTS
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03532373. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 25.
Plant oviposition preferences in a generalist herbivore: Tests of host plant selection and the Hopkins’ host selection principle
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Data for: Nest material preferences in wild hazel dormice Muscardinus avellanarius: Testing predictions from optimal foraging theory
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Data from: Conspicuous female ornamentation and tests of male mate preference in threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Sexual selection drives the evolution of exaggerated male ornaments in many animal species. Female ornamentation is now acknowledged also to be common but is generally less well understood. One example is the recently documented red female throat coloration in some threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) populations. Although female sticklebacks often exhibit a preference for red male throat coloration, the possibility of sexual selection on female coloration has been little studied. Using sequential and simultaneous mate choice trials, we examined male mate preferences for female throat color, as well as pelvic spine color and standard length, using wild-captured threespine sticklebacks from the Little Campbell River, British Columbia. In a multivariate analysis, we found no evidence for a population-level mate preference in males, suggesting the absence of directional sexual selection on these traits arising from male mate choice. Significant variation was detected among males in their preference functions, but this appeared to arise from differences in their mean responsiveness across mating trials and not from variation in the strength (i.e., slope) of their preference, suggesting the absence of individual-level preferences as well. When presented with conspecific intruder males, male response decreased as intruder red throat coloration increased, suggesting that males can discriminate color and other aspects of phenotype in our experiment and that males may use these traits in intrasexual interactions. The results presented here are the first to explicitly address male preference for female throat color in threespine sticklebacks.
Data from: Female mating preferences and offspring survival: testing hypotheses on the genetic basis of mate choice in a wild lekking bird
Indirect benefits of mate choice result from increased offspring genetic quality and may be important drivers of female behaviour. 'Good-genes-for-viability' models predict that females prefer mates of high additive genetic value, such that offspring survival should correlate with male attractiveness. Mate choice may also vary with genetic diversity (e.g. heterozygosity) or compatibility (e.g. relatedness), where the female's genotype influences choice. The relative importance of these nonexclusive hypotheses remains unclear. Leks offer an excellent opportunity to test their predictions, because lekking males provide no material benefits and choice is relatively unconstrained by social limitations. Using 12 years of data on lekking lance-tailed manakins, Chiroxiphia lanceolata, we tested whether offspring survival correlated with patterns of mate choice. Offspring recruitment weakly increased with father attractiveness (measured as reproductive success, RS), suggesting attractive males provide, if anything, only minor benefits via offspring viability. Both male RS and offspring survival until fledging increased with male heterozygosity. However, despite parent–offspring correlation in heterozygosity, offspring survival was unrelated to its own or maternal heterozygosity or to parental relatedness, suggesting survival was not enhanced by heterozygosity per se. Instead, offspring survival benefits may reflect inheritance of specific alleles or nongenetic effects. Although inbreeding depression in male RS should select for inbreeding avoidance, mates were not less related than expected under random mating. Although mate heterozygosity and relatedness were correlated, selection on mate choice for heterozygosity appeared stronger than that for relatedness and may be the primary mechanism maintaining genetic variation in this system despite directional sexual selection.
Data from: An updated global dataset for diet preferences in terrestrial mammals: testing the validity of extrapolation
1. Diet is a key trait of an organism's life history that influences a broad spectrum of ecological and evolutionary processes. Kissling et al. (2014) compiled a species-specific dataset of diet preferences of mammals for 38% of a total of 5364 terrestrial mammalian species assessed for the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List, to facilitate future studies. The authors imputed dietary data for the remaining 62% by using extrapolation from phylogenetic relatives. 2. We collected dietary information for 1261 mammalian species for which data were extrapolated by Kissling et al. (2014), in order to evaluate the success with which such extrapolation can predict true diets. 3. The extrapolation method devised by Kissling et al. (2014) performed well for broad dietary categories (consumers of plants and animals). However, the method performed inconsistently, and sometimes poorly, for finer dietary categories, varying in accuracy in both dietary categories and mammalian orders. 4. The results of the extrapolation performance serve as a cautionary tale. Given the large variation in extrapolation performance, we recommend a more conservative approach for inferring mammalian diets, whereby dietary extrapolation is implemented only when there is a high degree of phylogenetic conservatism for dietary traits. Phylogenetic comparative methods can be used to detect and measure phylogenetic signal in diet. If data for species are needed, then only the broadest feeding categories should be used. This would ensure a greater level of accuracy and provide a more robust dataset for further ecological and evolutionary analysis.
Data from: Testing the role of mating preference in a case of incomplete ecological speciation with gene flow
Mating preference can evolve as a side effect of ecological adaptation and simultaneously contribute to speciation in certain scenarios. However, theoretical predictions have been difficult to test experimentally because there has not been any simple way to relate empirical and theoretical parameters. Recently, it has been shown that the r coefficient and other statistics can be used to estimate mating preference in wild-captured mating pairs. In the present work we use these estimators to test whether mating preference has significantly increased in a context favorable for ecological divergence. We perform the study using two groups of samples from populations of the marine gastropod Littorina saxatilis: 1) a group of bimodal populations affected by ecological divergence, and 2) a group of unimodal populations. The results show that mating preference (unlike the trait affected by the preference) does not increase when two ecotypes meet and mate in sympatry, which suggests that mating preference must be controlled by strong stabilizing natural selection, and/or limited by mating cost. This would suggest that mating preference would rarely contribute to speciation under the face of gene flow in these ecotypes.
A test of the role of associative learning in originating sexual preferences in the guppy
<p><span>How do female sexual preferences for male ornamental traits arise? The developmental origins of female preferences are still an understudied area, with most explanations pointing to genetic mechanisms. One intriguing, little-explored, alternative focuses on the role of associative learning in driving this process. According to this hypothesis, a preference learned in an ecological context can be transferred into a sexual context, resulting in changes in mating preferences as a by-product. I tested this hypothesis by first training female guppies to associate either orange or black colour with food delivery; I then presented videos of males with computer-manipulated coloured spots and measured female preference towards them. I also allowed females from both treatments to mate with males differing in their ratio of orange-to-black spots and measured the males' reproductive success. After training, female sexual preferences significantly diverged among treatments in the expected direction. In addition, orange males sired a greater proportion of offspring with females food-conditioned on orange compared to those conditioned on black. These results show that mating preferences can arise as a by-product of associative learning, which, via translation into variation in male fitness, can become associated with indirect genetic benefits, potentially leading to further evolution.</span></p>
Quantifying mothers' preferences for providing information about non-invasive prenatal testing in Sweden: evidence from a discrete choice experiment
<p>Training materials for a discrete choice experiment survey designed to quantify mothers' preferences for information about non-invasive prenatal testing in Sweden.</p>
Data for: A test of Sensory Drive in plant-pollinator interactions: habitat heterogeneity shapes pollinator preference for a floral visual signal
<p>DATA:</p> <p>FinnKoski_PollData_Final: Pollinator visitation data to floral arrays analyzed</p> <p>Spectra used for vismodels.zip: reflectance spectra of flowers and floral backgrounds, irradiance spectra</p> <p>ColorContrastData: visual contrast data analyzed</p> <p>CODE: </p> <p>vismod_code.R : code used for visual system modeling and calculation of contrast</p> <p>SAS_modelcode.R: SAS code used to analyze pollinator visitation data and color contrast data</p>
Does Preference-based HIV Testing Increase Uptake in High Risk Populations?
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02714140. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 2. Publications: 7.
Understanding Patient Preferences When Deciding on a Voluntary Musculoskeletal Test
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07158892. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 16.
Data from: Conspicuous female ornamentation and tests of male mate preference in threespine sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
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